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1、情態(tài)動詞有具體的詞義,但也同助動詞一樣,需要與其他詞語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語,另外情 態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形。考點一:can , may , must等情態(tài)動詞在陳述句中的用法:1. can 的用法:(1) .表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”,即有種能力,尤其是生來具備的能力.如:She can swim fast, but I can她能游得很快,但我不能。I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。could是can的過去式。表示過去的能力。be able to do sth.常常指經(jīng)過努力,花費了時間和勞力之后才能做到某事。is

2、/am/are able to do sth was/were able to do sth.(2) .表示許可,常在口語中。如: You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。(3) .表示推測,可能性,意為“可能”,常用于否定句和疑問句中,此時can t譯為“不可能”。如:Can the news be true? 這個消息會是真的嗎? - Can it be ourteacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎? 一No, it can t be our teacher. He is on a visit tothe Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢

3、?!纠}】 一I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.一No. She _be there, I have just been there. A.can t B.mustn t C.need n t D.wouldn t【解析】根據(jù)下文“我剛?cè)ミ^那兒”可知,應(yīng)為“不可能,can t表示推測答案Acould的用法:(4) .can的過去式,意為“能、會”,表示過去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。(5) . could在疑問句中,

4、表示委婉的語氣,此時could 沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you give me a hand? 你能幫我個忙嗎? Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎Yes, you can.可以。(用 could 問,不能用 could 答。)2. may的用法:(1) .表示請求、許可,比can正式,如:May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行車嗎? You may go home now. 現(xiàn)在你可以回家了?!纠}】一 I borrow your MP3? Sure . Here you are. A. May B.ShouldC.Must D.

5、 Would【解析】 在此處表示請求,意為“ 做可以嗎。答案:A(2) .表示推測,談?wù)摽赡苄?,意為“可能,或許,一般用于肯定句中。 如:It may rain tomorrow .明天可能會下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢. may not 翻譯為“可能不”(3) .may的過去式為might ,表示推測時??赡苄缘陀趍ay。如:He is away from school.He might be sick.他離開學(xué)校了,可能是他生病了。(4) .表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可譯為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如:May you havea good time. 祝

6、你過得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福! May you succeed !祝你成功!3. must的用法:(1) .must 表示主觀看法,意為“必須、一定。如:You must stay here until I come back.在我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。Must I finish my homework right now?我必須現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)嗎?(must引導(dǎo)的疑問句)肯定回答:yes ,you must.否定回答: No, you needn t/ don t have to(2)其否定形式 mustn t表示“ 一定不要”“千萬別”“禁止,不許如:Youmustn

7、 t play with fire.你不許玩火You mustn t be lOfer定不要遲至U。(3)must表示有把握的推測,用于肯定句,指百分百肯定。如:The light is on, so he must beat home now. 燈亮著,他現(xiàn)在肯定在家。must和have to都有必須”的含義,但側(cè)重點不同:must強調(diào)說話者主觀(自己)的看法。have to強調(diào)客觀(外力作用)的需要,也可以翻譯為“不得不”。I must go to school and learn some Knowledge.我必須會學(xué)校上課學(xué)一些知識。(自 己要回)I have to go to sc

8、hool because the holiday is over.彳貿(mào)期結(jié)束了 我不得不回學(xué)校上課了。must沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,而 have to 有動詞單三形式:has to和動詞過去式:had to將來時:will have tomust not=mustn t 表示禁止當(dāng)must提問時,肯定回答用 must。否定回答用needn t和don t have to4. need 的用法:(1) .need做情態(tài)動詞時:表示“需要、必須”,主要用于否定句和疑問句中,其否定形 式為needn t ,意為“沒有必要,不必”。用need提問時,肯定回答為 must ,否定回答為needn t或do

9、n t have to 如:一Need I do my homework now? Yes, you must . 是的。 No. you needn t /don t have to. 不,你不必。.need還可以作實義動詞,此時有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化,如果主語是人sb.:sb. need(s) sth. 某人需要某物sb. need to do sth.某人需要去做某事need 的單三 needs. 過去式 needed 。變否定借助 don t/doesn t /didn如:I need to pass the exam.我需要通過這次考試。 He needs to learn Engl

10、ish . 他需要學(xué)習(xí)英語。如果主語是物sth.:Sth. need doing某事需要被做=need to be done這種情況下應(yīng)注意兩點:.主動形式的動名詞doing具有被動的含義;.該動名詞可以改為其動詞不定式的被動形 式而句子的意義不變。 例如: .Your car needs washing. = Your car needs to be washed.你的車需要洗了。5. shall的用法:shall表示征求對方意見(多用于第一、三人稱),如:Shall we go out for a walk? 我們 出去散步好嗎?在英語中,我們可以用其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方意見

11、。Shall意為”要不要.?好嗎?”用于第一人稱,表將來,而 will可用于任何人稱。(1) .用 “Lets do. ” 來提出建議。如:Lets go for a walk after supper.用“What/How about.? ”來提出建議;about后接名詞或動詞ing形式。如:What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?.用“Why not.? ”來提出建議,表示“何不” not面后接動詞原形?!癢hy not.? ”實際上是 “Why dont you/we.? ” 的簡略形式。

12、如: Why not meet at the school gateat eight? Why dont we stay here another day?.用“Would you like.? ”來提出建議,意思是“你想要嗎? Would you like 后可接名詞或不定式。如:Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?因此,如果我們說:“去游泳好嗎?”英語中可有這1幾種表達(dá)法:Shall we go for a swim?Why notLets go for a swim , shall we? What

13、about/How about going swimming? go for a swim? Would you like to go for a swim? What do you think of going for a swim?6. should 的用法:(1) .should 意為“應(yīng)該”,可表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等。如:We should protect ourselves. 我們應(yīng)該我們 自己。should not=shouldn t +do 動詞原形had better 的用法:had better意為“最好”,沒有人稱的變化,后接+動詞原形,其否 定形式為:had bet

14、ter not 。如:We had better go home now.我們最好現(xiàn)在回家。 You had better not go home now.你最好現(xiàn)在不要回家。should 和had better 可以互換should not=shouldn t 和 had better not可以互換7. will的用法:W川表示意愿、意志、打算,可用于多種人稱。如: will help you if I m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空,我就會幫你。是一般將來時的“標(biāo)志詞” ,will+ do動詞原形注意:1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式變換

15、。由于“一般將來時”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以用“ will+動詞原形”來表示,所以there be句型的一般將 來時的形式就是 there will be。(一定不能說 there will have )例如: There are many students in our school. fThere will be many students in our school. There will be a sports meeting next week.定不能說: There will have a sports meeting next week.2、will 與 be going to do sth

16、區(qū)別:.be going to表示打算,計劃,安排要去做的事情或有預(yù)兆即將發(fā)生某事,will 表示的將來時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些,如: He is going to Beijing on National Day.He will write a book some day.be going to表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情,will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。如:I am going to be a teacher.He will pass the exam because of hard work.在有條件從句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will,如:I will go

17、 to school if I feel better.考點二:含有情態(tài)動詞的疑問句的回答:1 .對 may 引出的問句,可以有下列回答方式:Yes,you may. Yes, of course. Yes,certainly. Sure .No, you mustn tNo, you can t.2 .對 must 引出的疑問句,回答方式為:Yes, No,mustn eedn t/ don t have to3 .could在疑問句中,表示委婉的語氣,此時 could沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you dome a favour? 你能幫我個忙嗎? Could I use your

18、pen? Yes, you can.可以。(回答不 用 could )4 . shall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱,表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種:Yes, please. All right. No, thank you.5 . would you的回答方式有以下幾種:Yes, I will. (No , I won t.$ure . (I m sorry , Ican t.) All right/ OK/ With pleasure. Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.【例題】 一Would you give me a ha

19、nd and pass my thanks to Lily?.t matterD.No troubleA.That s right B.With pleasure C.It doesn【解析】A.意為“對了” ,B.意為“樂意效勞”C,意為“沒關(guān)系”D.意為“不費事”。答案:B6 .will you ?提問回答方式,可以使 yes, - -./no 也可以。I d be glad to .考點三:不同情態(tài)動詞的否定意義也不同:1. (1) .can 引譯為“不會”, 如:I can t play basketball.我不會打籃球。(2)當(dāng)句子表推測時,用can t表達(dá)不可能,如:He can

20、 t be ill. He is playingchess with T om.他不可能病了,他正和 Tom 下棋呢。(3) can 位E可用來回答“ May I這櫛的問句。如:May I come in ? 我可以進(jìn)來嗎? No, you mustn t. / can不,你不能。(4)can t還可用于固定習(xí)語中。can t help doing 禁不住,情不自禁can t waitto do sth 迫不及待如:She can t help cry她gf 禁大哭起來。The children can t wait to open the box.孩子們迫不及待地想打開盒子。2. may的否

21、定式為 may not ,譯成“ 可能不,如:He may not be at home. 他也許不在家。3. (1) mustn t表示不許,不可。如:He mustn t leave his roomf許離開他的房間。 You mustn t talk in class們不可以在課上說話。(2) mustn t也可用于以 may表示要求時的否定回答中。如:- May I stand here?我可以站在這里嗎? 一 No, you mustn t (can不t).不行。4. needn t 意為 “ 不必”。如: You needn t meet him unless you d like

22、 to.需要見他,除非你愿意。5. shouldnWS不應(yīng)該。 如:You shouldn t feel so unhappy over such little things.對于這種小事,你不應(yīng)該感到這么不高興??键c四:情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法:、“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”表示對現(xiàn)在的推測1、must表示肯定的推測100%的肯定,一般用于肯定句中。如:He must be at home because the light is still on.2、Should表示推測的可能性比較大, must的可能性 小一點。如:It is already 10 o clock now they should

23、 bethere.3、can表示推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句。如: Who is knocking at the door? Can it be the postman?could表示推測時,語氣can比要弱,說話者留有余地Could it be an animal? It could not be, because it is not moving.4、may表示推測,用于肯定句。might也可以表推測 只是表示其可能性較小于 may。如:The man may be your new teacher.Where is Mr Li? He might be working in his of

24、fice.【情態(tài)動詞易混點歸納】易混點一 :can 和 be able to :兩者表示能力時用法相同,但 can只有原形“can”和過去式“could ”兩種形式,在其他時態(tài)中 要用be able to 來表示。另外be able to 常常指經(jīng)過努力,花費了時間和勞力之吉姆不 Hecould speak English后才能做到某事。如:Jim can t speak English.at 5. 他五歲時就會說英語。We ll be able to see him next week. 下星期我們將會見到他。 He has been able to drive. 他已經(jīng)會開車了。I m s

25、ure you ll be able to finish itquickly. 我相信你能迅速地完成。We were able to reach the top of the mountain atnoon. 我們能在中午到達(dá)山頂。易混點二:can 和 may1. can 和 may 均可用來征求意見或許可,意為 “可以” , 一般可互換使用。如: Can/ MayI help you ? 我能幫助你嗎?2. can 和 may 表示推測 /可能性時的區(qū)別:Can 不肯 ,May 不問。媽媽( must )肯定不否問。1) 在肯定句中用might , may ,must ,不用 can 如:S

26、he may be in the classroom .她可能在2) 在否定句中用can t (不可能) , 不用may,must 。3)在疑問句中表示推測用 can ,不用 might , may, must教室里。Where can they be now?他們現(xiàn)在可能在哪兒?That can t be電Ue能是真的。易混點三: may be 和 maybe用法區(qū)別常用位置may be may 為情態(tài)動詞,be 為動詞原形句中,作謂語maybe 副詞,大概、也許,相當(dāng)于perhaps句首,作狀語 例如: He may be wrong , but I m not sure. 也許他錯了,但

27、我也不確定。易混點四:can t 和 mustn t1. can 根據(jù)其基本用法可譯為: t( 1 )不會。如:I can t speak English . 我不會說英語。( 2)不能。如:We can dot it now because it s too dark. 天太黑了,我們現(xiàn)在干不了。( 3)否定句中表示推測?!安豢赡堋保纾篢he man can t be our teacher because heis much younger than our teacher.那個人不可能是咱們老師,他年輕得多。2. mustn 意為禁止、不許”,用來表達(dá)命令,表示強烈的語氣。如:You

28、mustn tpla y football in the street. It s too dangerous. 你不可以在街上踢足球,太危險了。易混點五:must 和 have to1 .must 側(cè)重于個人意志和主觀上的必要。have to 側(cè)重于客觀上的必要,可用于現(xiàn)在時、過去時和將來時。如: I know I must study hard. 我知道我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。My brother wasvery ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night. 我弟弟病得厲害,我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。I haven t got any mone

29、y with me, so I ll have to borrow some from myfriend. 我身上沒帶錢,只好向朋友借點了。He said they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。2 . have to 可以用于多種時態(tài);而must 只用于一般現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。如:The composition isdue to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.作文今天早晨到期,因此我不得不昨天晚上完成?!厩閼B(tài)動詞例題解析】1、you pass me a pen? Id like to write

30、down the phone number. Sure. Here it is.A. Can B. Need C. MightD. Must由題干可知,本句表示請求、許可。答案:A2、May I go to the cinema, mum? Certainly, but yoube back by 11o clock.A. can B. may C. must D. need由題意可知,此處并非表推測的用法,而是媽媽對孩子提出的要求,故選 C, 意為“ 必須”。答案: C3、 Youget there by bus.A. dont need B. needn t to C. dont need

31、 toD. need don t toA 可知 need為實義動詞,故應(yīng)加上to 才正確。選項 Bneedn t為情態(tài)動詞,應(yīng)去掉 to ,故選C.4、 Youworry about me. Its nothing seAr.iocuasn. tB. mustntC.needn t D. won t由題干 It s nothing serious 可推斷,第一句意為“你不必為我擔(dān)心”, 故選C。本題易錯選B, mustn 意為“禁止”,故不正確。答案: tC Sorry, I m not sure .5、 Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summ

32、er Palace?But it be.A. might B.mustn t C.can t D.must解析】 考查情態(tài)動詞might 表推測的用法?!?I m not sure 說明說話者的語氣并不肯 ”定, 所以要用might 。答案: A6、 The man in the office_be Mr. Black, because he went home just now.A.mustn t B.may not C.can t D.needn t【解析】由下文 he went home just now 可知,作者判斷辦公室里那個人(不可能是Mr. Black。mustn t意為“千萬

33、別”,may not 意為“可能不,needn t意為“不必。can t意為不可能,故選Co7、Can you go surfing with us this afternoon? I d like to , but I _ look after my sister at home , because my mother is ill.A.need B.must C.have to D.should【解析】由題干 my mother is ill 為客觀要求可知,選 C.8、May I take this book out of the reading room? . Please read

34、it here.A. Certainly B.No, you needn Ct.No, you mustn Dt.No, you may not【解析】May I?的否定答而0, you ca n t/ mustn t. ; Must I ?否定答語為you needn t/don t have to.;Can I?的NO定管OUcan在口語交際中,要體會句子中的情感差別。答案:C【情態(tài)動詞活學(xué)巧練】1. John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must2. They

35、_ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to3. May I take this book out? No, you_.A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent4. .You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would5. Can you speak Japanese? No, I.A. mustnt B. ca

36、nt C. neednt D. may not6. He_ be in the classroom, I think. No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt7. Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough.A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt8.

37、Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so itbevery difficult.A. may B. must C. can D. need9. He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill.A. can B. shall C. must D. has to10. _ I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do11. The children_ play football on the road.A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must12. You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to13. Must I do my homework at once? No, you_.A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not14. His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor.A. has not to B. d

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