必修 5 unit4 language points

1、 工作工作, 職業(yè)職業(yè) Please write down your name, address, and occupation. I hope that teaching will be my future occupation.2) 業(yè)余活動(dòng)業(yè)余活動(dòng), 消遣消遣 Fishing is a peaceful occupation. occupation n.Explanation 3) 占領(lǐng)占領(lǐng), 占有占有 She was born in France during the German occupation.知識(shí)拓展知識(shí)拓展: occupant n. 占有人占有人, 占有者占有者 occu

2、pational adj. 職業(yè)的職業(yè)的, 職業(yè)引起的職業(yè)引起的occupy v. 占領(lǐng)占領(lǐng), 占有占有, 使從事使從事, 使忙于使忙于occupy oneself in (doing) sth 忙于做某事忙于做某事It was between 1937 and 1945 that the ountry was under the enemys occupation.這個(gè)國(guó)家在1937年至1945年間是處在敵人的占領(lǐng)之下的。He _ himself in collecting stamps.A. occupies B. takes C. teaches D. findsA occupation

3、, job, work, profession 辨析辨析:四個(gè)詞都有四個(gè)詞都有“工作工作”之意。之意。occupation 較為正式，經(jīng)常用在填寫(xiě)表格上。較為正式，經(jīng)常用在填寫(xiě)表格上。job 是可數(shù)名詞，可指一個(gè)單獨(dú)任務(wù)是可數(shù)名詞，可指一個(gè)單獨(dú)任務(wù), 也可指工作職位。也可指工作職位。work 是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指一切工作。是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指一切工作。profession 一般指需要專門(mén)技能，尤指需要一般指需要專門(mén)技能，尤指需要 較高教育水平的某一行業(yè)、職業(yè)較高教育水平的某一行業(yè)、職業(yè), 如醫(yī)生如醫(yī)生,教師或律師。教師或律師。occupation, job, profession, work a.

4、 Please state your name, age and _ below.b. I have a few _ to do in the house this morning.c. Looking after children all day is hard _.d. Her husband is at the very top of medical _. occupationjobsworkprofession 1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular local new

5、spaper.這里是倒裝這里是倒裝(Inversion), 此句的正常句序此句的正常句序是是: Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment at the office of .當(dāng)一些否定詞當(dāng)一些否定詞, 如如: never, little, nor, neither, hardly,rarely, scarcely, seldom, not until, not only, no sooner ,in no sense(4 絕不絕不), under no circumstances放在句首時(shí)放在句首時(shí),句子部分倒裝句子部分倒裝, 即即 句序

6、為句序?yàn)?否定詞助動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)否定詞助動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else can you find such a beautiful place. (否定詞否定詞 nowhere置于句首置于句首, 對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行部分倒裝進(jìn)行部分倒裝) I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life had I felt so happy. ( (否定詞否定詞never置于句首置于句首, ,對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行部分倒裝行部分倒裝) ) 2. Hi

7、s discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin, was to strongly influence his life. be to +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形, 這里這里 (1) 表示表示(命中命中)注定注定 所有這些施與自然的錯(cuò)事都要遭報(bào)應(yīng)的。所有這些施與自然的錯(cuò)事都要遭報(bào)應(yīng)的。 All these wrongs done to nature are to be answered for.(2)表示按計(jì)劃表示按計(jì)劃, 安排要發(fā)生的事情安排要發(fā)生的事情美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什下周要來(lái)訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什下周要來(lái)訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。The American president Bush is

8、 to visit China next week.(3)表示義務(wù)表示義務(wù), 命令命令, 應(yīng)該做應(yīng)該做你要在六點(diǎn)前完成這項(xiàng)工作。你要在六點(diǎn)前完成這項(xiàng)工作。You are to finish the work before six oclock.1) 周杰倫十月六日將在上海演出。周杰倫十月六日將在上海演出。2) 既然他學(xué)習(xí)那么努力既然他學(xué)習(xí)那么努力, 他一定會(huì)成功的。他一定會(huì)成功的。3) 你應(yīng)該遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。你應(yīng)該遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。Jay Chou is to give a performance on Oct 6 in Shanghai.Since he studies very ha

9、rd, he is to succeed.You are to obey the rules of our school.表示將來(lái)的六種句型表示將來(lái)的六種句型 will/shall do 2. be going to do3. be doing 4. be to do5. do/does 6. be about to do influencen. 影響力影響力，勢(shì)力，勢(shì)力；(u) 有影響力的人或事有影響力的人或事 (c) v. 影響，對(duì)影響，對(duì)起作用起作用 on,uponinfluential adj. 有影響力的有影響力的be delighted at/ by/ withto do stht

10、hatV ? adj ?admirableadmire 因某事而欽佩某人因某事而欽佩某人admir sb for sth3. assistant adj. 助理的助理的; 副的副的e.g. assistant manager/director/cook/professor etc. n. (C) : 助理助理a sales / shop assistant 店員，營(yíng)業(yè)員店員，營(yíng)業(yè)員Hughes, who was Motts assistant, now becomes head coach.assist sbv. 幫助幫助, 協(xié)助協(xié)助in/ with sthto do sthin doing

11、sthassist 協(xié)助（次要）help 普通用詞，幫助aid 援助,幫助.用法與assist一樣（被幫 。助者是弱者，處于需幫助安慰的狀態(tài)）China never hesitates to aid those weak and small countries. n. ? assistancecome to ones assistance/ aid/ help幫助sbbe of assistance 有幫助的，能幫上忙的with the assistance of 在.的幫助下4. cover vt. 蓋，鋪，覆蓋蓋，鋪，覆蓋 (with) 他用一塊布蓋上了這張桌子。他用一塊布蓋上了這張桌子。

12、He covered the table with a piece of cloth.一輛路過(guò)的車(chē)濺了他一身泥。一輛路過(guò)的車(chē)濺了他一身泥。He was covered with mud by a passing car.(2) 占有占有(時(shí)間，面積時(shí)間，面積)這座城市占地這座城市占地10平方英里。平方英里。The city covers ten square miles.有記載的歷史有有記載的歷史有5000年了。年了。Recorded history covers a period of five thousand years.(3) 走完走完, 走過(guò)走過(guò)他們一天走了他們一天走了20英里。英里

13、。They covered 20 miles a day.(4) 看完看完(多少頁(yè)書(shū)多少頁(yè)書(shū))I have covered 200 pages now.(5)支付支付(開(kāi)支開(kāi)支) 這家公司幾乎不能支付它的花費(fèi)。這家公司幾乎不能支付它的花費(fèi)。The firm barely covers its costs.十美元將會(huì)支付我們這次旅行所用汽油的花費(fèi)。十美元將會(huì)支付我們這次旅行所用汽油的花費(fèi)。Ten dollars will cover our petrol for the journey.(6) 包括，涉及，適用于包括，涉及，適用于他的研究涉及范圍很廣。他的研究涉及范圍很廣。His researc

14、h covered a wide field.(7) 報(bào)道，采訪報(bào)道，采訪記者們被派去采訪這個(gè)事件。記者們被派去采訪這個(gè)事件。Reporters were sent to cover the event.concentrste on/ upon 集中，全神貫注于concentrate on ( doing ) sth 專心做某事I cant concentrate on my study with all the noise going on.集中注意力的多種表達(dá)法：（attention）concentrate ones attention on sthpay ones attention t

15、o sthfix/ focus ones attention/ mind on sthbe devoted to sthput ones mind in sthput ones heart into sthYoull find your colleagues very eager to assist you.一、一、“find+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)”1. find賓語(yǔ)名詞（詞組）。賓語(yǔ)名詞（詞組）。例如：例如： The teacher found the girl a good singerWe found it a difficult problem 2. find賓語(yǔ)形容詞。賓語(yǔ)形容詞。例如

16、：例如： Many people found English useful They found the boy very clever3. find賓語(yǔ)副詞。賓語(yǔ)副詞。例如：例如： When I rang up Mike，I found him out4. find賓語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)。例如：。例如： I found the cat under the deskWe found Lin Tao at home 5. find賓語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞。賓語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞。例如：例如： When I went into her room，I found her reading a book 6. find賓語(yǔ)

17、過(guò)去分詞。賓語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞。 The next morning，the old man found himself covered with an old coat 7. find賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)不定式不定式. They find the Chinese poeple to be happy and cheerful.7. 當(dāng)不定式作當(dāng)不定式作find的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用it作形作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)則放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后。式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)則放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后。 He found it very difficult to solve the problem他發(fā)現(xiàn)要解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難。他發(fā)現(xiàn)要解決

18、這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難。6. No need for a camera. 此句是省略句此句是省略句, 原句為原句為: There is no need for a camera. 拓展拓展: There is no need for sth (argument)There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 沒(méi)有必要做某事情沒(méi)有必要做某事情 There is no need (for you) to worry about money. There is no need to be in such a hurry.7. professional adj. 職業(yè)的職業(yè)的, 專業(yè)

19、的專業(yè)的, 從事職業(yè)的從事職業(yè)的 I cant imagine he is a professional footballer. professional team/standards/adviceprofession n. 職業(yè)職業(yè)She is a lawyer by profession.(就職業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)就職業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō))、她的職業(yè)是律師她的職業(yè)是律師(反反) amateur adj. 業(yè)余的業(yè)余的8. eager adj. 渴望的渴望的, 熱切的熱切的, 殷切期盼的殷切期盼的 be eager for sth 渴望渴望 be eager (for sb.) to do 渴望渴望(某人某人)做做 b

20、e eager thatHe was eager for success.The child was eager to see his mother.Tom was eager for you to come to the party.The president is eager that the project should be started early.eager 與與 anxious be eager for sth. 渴望渴望, 期望期望 be anxious for/about sth. 擔(dān)心擔(dān)心, 憂慮憂慮be eager to do sth./ be anxious to d

21、o sth.后面跟不定式時(shí)后面跟不定式時(shí), 意思一樣意思一樣, 表示渴望做表示渴望做, 急切地想急切地想我們都為他的安全擔(dān)憂。我們都為他的安全擔(dān)憂。We were anxious for his safety.這些瘋狂的歌迷急切地想見(jiàn)這些瘋狂的歌迷急切地想見(jiàn)Jay.These crazy fans are eager/anxious to see Jay.我們渴望周末休息一下。我們渴望周末休息一下。We are eager for a rest on weekend.10. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amate

22、ur course at university to update my skills. Not onlybut also 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的并列句并列句, 如如not only 位于句首位于句首, not only 所在句倒裝所在句倒裝。不僅我會(huì)去，我還會(huì)帶我父母去那兒。不僅我會(huì)去，我還會(huì)帶我父母去那兒。Not only will I go, but (also) I will take my parents there. 12. have a nose for sth. 對(duì)對(duì)很敏感很敏感; 很善于發(fā)現(xiàn)很善于發(fā)現(xiàn)與與nose 有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：as plain as the nose in

23、our face 一清二楚一清二楚win by a nose 僥幸取勝僥幸取勝lead sb. by the nose 完全控制某人完全控制某人follow ones nose 筆直走；憑直覺(jué)行事筆直走；憑直覺(jué)行事nose to nose 面對(duì)面地面對(duì)面地turn up ones nose at 對(duì)對(duì)嗤之以鼻；瞧不起嗤之以鼻；瞧不起under ones nose 當(dāng)著某人的面當(dāng)著某人的面with ones nose in the air 非常傲慢，自高自大非常傲慢，自高自大homework1.復(fù)習(xí)unit 3 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)（下周小測(cè)）2.背誦7個(gè)句子3.課本P28 第2,3題4.報(bào)紙第5期 B3版5

24、. submit v. 提交，呈遞submit (that) 主張He submits only that it is not Washington that should do the helping.submit an application/claim/proposal All applications must be submitted by Monday.v. 屈服，順從They submitted an essay to the pressure.3) course n. 課程；過(guò)程；一道菜課程；過(guò)程；一道菜An event that changed the course of h

25、istory. 改變歷史進(jìn)程的事件改變歷史進(jìn)程的事件a four-course dinner 有四道菜的正餐有四道菜的正餐4) update v. 現(xiàn)代化，更新現(xiàn)代化，更新Its about time we updated our software.我們的軟件應(yīng)該更新了。我們的軟件應(yīng)該更新了。5) skill n. 技能技能, 技巧技巧skilled adj. 有能力的；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；訓(xùn)練過(guò)的有能力的；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；訓(xùn)練過(guò)的(反反) unskilledThe company is fortunate to have such highly skilled workers.Many Silicon Va

26、lley companies are growing so fast, they are eager to build a skilled high-tech workforce.skillful adj. having or showing skill 有技巧的; 熟練的They were highly professional and very skillful.We give him instruction in safe and skillful driving.Biological evolution has made the human species more sensitive

27、 to its environment and more skillful in dealing with it.acquisition n. 獲得，習(xí)得，獲得物獲得，習(xí)得，獲得物The acquisition of a second language is different from learning it. 語(yǔ)言的習(xí)得不等同于語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)。語(yǔ)言的習(xí)得不等同于語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)。He is a valuable acquisition to the firm.他是公司不可多得的（寶貴的）人才。他是公司不可多得的（寶貴的）人才。11. acquire vt. (1) (通過(guò)努力通過(guò)努力) 得到得到,

28、獲得或養(yǎng)成獲得或養(yǎng)成(習(xí)慣習(xí)慣, 行為行為, 嗜好嗜好)通過(guò)細(xì)心地研究通過(guò)細(xì)心地研究, 他學(xué)到許多電腦知識(shí)。他學(xué)到許多電腦知識(shí)。He acquired a great knowledge of computers by careful study.他在十六歲時(shí)養(yǎng)成了抽煙的壞習(xí)慣。他在十六歲時(shí)養(yǎng)成了抽煙的壞習(xí)慣。He acquired a bad habit of smoking at the age of 16.用他掙的錢(qián)用他掙的錢(qián), 他買(mǎi)到了許多他喜歡的書(shū)。他買(mǎi)到了許多他喜歡的書(shū)。With the money he earned he had acquired lots of books h

29、e liked.比較比較:inquire 詢問(wèn)詢問(wèn) inquire sth of sb 向某人打聽(tīng)某事向某人打聽(tīng)某事1) Coffee is an _ taste and is not liked at first. A. acquiring B. acquired C. acquire D. being acquired2) She _ me most politely whether I wished to continue. A. inquired of B. acquired of C. inquired D. acquiredB C 13. assess v 對(duì)進(jìn)行估價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià) 同義詞

30、: judgeThe technique is being tried in classrooms to assess what effects it may have.Psychologists (心理學(xué)家們) will assess the childs behavior.The booklet aims to help parents assess recent educational changes.14. inform v 通知，告知，報(bào)告inform somebody about/of somethingPlease inform us of any change of addre

31、ss as soon as rm somebody (that)We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.15. deadline n. 截止期限，最后期限截止期限，最后期限deadline forThe deadline for applications is May 27th.deadline ofIt has to be in before the deadline of July 1st.meet/miss a deadline (= have or not have som

32、ething finished on time) working under pressure to meet a deadline16. meanwhile: 期間，同時(shí)期間，同時(shí)The teacher was having his class. Meanwhile, that boy fell asleep.After graduation, he got a job. Meanwhile, his good friends went to college.in the meanwhile/meantime 與此同時(shí)，在此期間與此同時(shí)，在此期間 The next programme sta

33、rts in the minutes; _, here is some music. Which is wrong? in the meantime B. in the meanwhileA.C. while D. meanwhileC 17. case n. (1) an example 例子例子, 事例事例 Its a typical case of bad planning.(2) 場(chǎng)合場(chǎng)合, 情形情形 Tom is stupid, but its different in the case of Mary. She is just lazy. I heard that this was

34、 not the case.(3) 案件案件, 案例案例 The case will be heard in court next week.(4) a large box 盒子盒子, 箱子箱子 suitcase, bookcase in that case 如果那樣如果那樣You say your father might object? In that case, I will not press the matter. in any case 不管怎樣不管怎樣 In any case, you must finish your homework. in no case 在任何情況下都不，

35、放在句首要倒裝在任何情況下都不，放在句首要倒裝In no case are you to leave your post. in case 以防；如果，萬(wàn)一以防；如果，萬(wàn)一Take your umbrella in case it rains. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some in case. in case of 萬(wàn)一，如果萬(wàn)一，如果 In case of fire, ring 119.注意注意:case, situation, position, condition, stage, point等作先行詞時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句

36、用等作先行詞時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句用where引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于in which。1) He will come, _ (那樣的話那樣的話) Ill ask him to help.2) She suffered from illness and _ (在那種情況下在那種情況下) her husband had to stay home.in which casein that case3) Have you ever had a case _ your teacher had done you wrong?4) _ (萬(wàn)一萬(wàn)一) he calls me, tell him that I w

37、ill ring him back.5) _ (就像小鳥(niǎo)一樣就像小鳥(niǎo)一樣), young people will leave home when growing up.18. accuse vt. 控告，指控，通常和控告，指控，通常和of 連用連用The police accused him of murder.He was accused of robbing the bank.whereIn caseAs is often the case with birdsaccuse, charge, blame 詞義辨析 accuse (指控) sb. of (doing) sth. charge

38、 (指控) sb. with (doing) sth. accuse (指責(zé)) sb. of (doing) sth. blame (責(zé)備) sb. for (doing) sth.他被指控偷了一輛汽車(chē)。他被指控偷了一輛汽車(chē)。He was accused of stealing a car.He was charged with stealing a car.19. so as to do sth. (1)表示目的，表示目的，“以便以便”其否定形式為其否定形式為so as not to 作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)可以用作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)可以用in order to 代替。代替。The test papers ar

39、e kept secret so as to prevent cheating.(2)表示結(jié)果表示結(jié)果, “結(jié)果是結(jié)果是”He shot at the bird so as to shoot it.so adj. /adv. + as to 如此如此以致于以致于，作，作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)He was so angry as to be unable to speak.Would you be so kind as to lend me your bike?such as to 如此如此以致于以致于，作結(jié)果，作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)We are not such fools as to believe hi

40、m.20. sceptical adj. 懷疑的 sceptically adv. sceptical about/ofIm extremely sceptical about what I read in the press.Environmental groups are sceptical of the governments claims.21. be supposed to do 應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)，含有本應(yīng)應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)，含有本應(yīng)如何，但事實(shí)并非如此之意。如何，但事實(shí)并非如此之意。She was supposed to be reading at home at that time, but

41、her mother found her in the park.He was supposed to have finished his homework, but he played all the morning.be not supposed to do 表示不允許表示不允許You are not supposed to talk in class.22. dilemma n. 困境，窘境a moral dilemma 道德 (方面的) 兩難 (問(wèn)題)in a dilemma 處于兩難中Im in a dilemma about this job offer.This placed R

42、obert Kennedy in a dilemma.Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between work and family commitments. (義務(wù))23. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 強(qiáng)烈要求demand sth. of sb.Some children demand too much of their parents.(同義詞) require; needThis sorts of work demands great patience.demand that (從句中should可省略)He

43、 demands that he be told/demands to be told everything.They demanded that the military government free all political prisoners.demand to know/see/have sth.He kept demanding to know how it got there.I. 根據(jù)句意根據(jù)句意, 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。1. profession; professional; professor He was a famous _ in Jilin Unive

44、rsity.b. He took up the _ of doctor when he was 30.c. You need a _ expert to direct your fessorprofession professional 3. gift; gifteda. He has a _ for music.b. He is _ in singing and dancing.4. thorough; through _ the kitchen window, I saw the mailman walking up to the house.b. Researchers have to be very _ to make sure the re