中考英語主謂一致講解及練習教師版可以直接打印有答案

1、初中英語：主謂一致及其練習一、主謂一致三原則 主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。 1. 語法一致原則：指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Tom is a good student. 湯姆是個好學生。 They often play football on the playground. 他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球。 2. 意義一致：指主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù),但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。My family are hav

2、ing lunch now. 我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 這本書20美元太貴了。 3. 就近一致：指謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學生也喜歡踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 課桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。 二、 主謂一致?？碱}型1. 單數(shù)名詞(代詞)，不可數(shù)

3、名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式，復(fù)數(shù)名詞(代詞)作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： The desk is Toms. 這張桌子是湯姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 這些學生正在操場上踢足球。 2. many a+單數(shù)名詞作主語，意義雖為“許多”，但謂語要用單數(shù)形式。例如： Many a student has been to Shanghai. 許多學生到過上海。 3. more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。例如： More

4、than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一個學生曾經(jīng)去過北京。 4. 表示時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學運算等的詞或短語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 兩個月是一個長假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2 0英鎊并不太重。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很長的距離。 Five minus four is one. 5減4等于1。 5. 主語是each/every+單數(shù)名詞+a

5、nd(each/every)+單數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每個男孩和女孩都有一個座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每個男人和女人都在工作。 6. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一個半小時足夠了。 7. 動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： To see is to believe 眼見為實。 Doing eye exercises is

6、 good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。 8. a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如： A student or two has failed the exam. 一兩個學生考試不及格。 9. 主語為某些詞組，如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，謂語用單數(shù)。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.12.somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everyb

7、ody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等不定代詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，例如： Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齊了嗎？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 沒有人在家。 13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如： Each of them has an English dictionary. 他們每人都有一本英語詞典。 Neither answer is correct兩個

8、答案都不正確。 14. 以s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如news, maths, physics等，例如： No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我們班數(shù)學很受歡迎。 11. people, police等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，family, class, group, team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，若指一個具體成員時，謂語動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： The police are waiting for the boy. Peop

9、le here are very friendly. 這兒的人很友好。 His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我們一家人都喜歡看電視。15. 由bothand連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和媽媽都是老師。16 “定冠詞+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示一家人時，謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。 The Smiths are having dinner.16. a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

10、；the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如： A number of famous people were invited to party. 許多名人都被邀請參加這個聚會。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我們學校的學生數(shù)超過800人。 17. 當kind of, pair of, glass of 等表示確定數(shù)量的名詞短語修飾主語時，謂語與kind, pair, glass 等一致。例如： This pair of shoes is Toms. 這雙鞋是湯姆的。 There are two gla

11、sses of water on the table. 桌上有兩杯水。 18. the+形容詞表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時，用單數(shù)形式。例如： The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.窮人很快樂，富人卻過得不快樂。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 19. 以here，there開關(guān)的句子，若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一致。例如： There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本書，三只鋼筆。 Here are s

12、ome books and paper for you. 這是給你的書和紙。 20 or, eitheror，neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。例如： Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是湯姆就是杰克錯了。 Either this one or that one is ok. 這一個或那一個都行。 21 當主語部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介詞或介詞短語時，謂語動詞由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定

13、。例如： Mike with his father has been to England. 邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。 Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。 22 “l(fā)ots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名詞”或“分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞取決于名詞的數(shù)；若是不可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)；若名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用復(fù)數(shù)23. 由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但and所連接的并列主語是同一個人，事物，或概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。這兩種情況區(qū)分如下：a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+

14、單數(shù)名詞，指的是同一個人或物；a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+a/the+單數(shù)名詞，指兩個人或物。例如： The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來了。(作家和教師指同一個人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。(作家和老師是兩個人) 24 none 如果指量，動詞用單數(shù)。若用來指數(shù)目，與可數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)，none 如果代表不可數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 None of the land has become desert.這些土地都沒有變成沙漠。25 all/most/h

15、alf/two thirds of/the rest of+名詞作主語，謂語動詞由of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。Most of his time is spent on study.26. more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一個學生曾經(jīng)去過北京。2. 實戰(zhàn)演練Part 1.( ) 1. -Have you got some water to drink?-Here you are. There_ still some in the bottle.A. are B. were

16、C. is D. was( ) 2 ._ there many American friends in the school last Friday?A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were( ) 3. There _ a great many accidents last year.A. were B. are C. is D. was( ) 4 .-How many children _ in the picture?-Three.A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are therePart 2( ) 1. In 1850,

17、about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests.A. were B. has been C. / D. was( ) 2. Most of our earth_ covered by water.A. are B. is C. was D. were( ) 3. Sunday _ the first day of the week.A. is B. are C. am D. be( ) 4.Neither_right.A. answers are B. answers arent C. answer is D. answer isntPart 3( )

18、 1. The population of the world _ still _ now.A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown( ) 2.There _ many people running in the park every morning.A. is B. were C. are D. have( ) 3. These police often_the children across the street.A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helpingPart 4( ) 1. _

19、 going to England by air next week.A. The Green family are B. The Greens family areC. The Greens family are D. Green family are( ) 2.The whole family _ enjoying the beautiful music now.A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all( ) 3.Our class _ big.A. is B. are C. were D. willPart 5( ) 1. Neither he

20、nor I _ from Canada. We are from Australia.A. is B. are C. am D. be( ) 2. Either you or he _ right.A. are B. is C. does D. were( ) 3. Neither Mary nor her brother_ good at singing.A. is B. are C. is not D. are not( ) 4. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary _ busy.A. is B. was C. are D. hasPart 6( )

21、1. Physics _ interesting to us.A. are B. has C. is D. were( ) 2. The news_ exciting. We got excited at it.A. is B. was C. were D. are( ) 3. Though mathematics_ hard, we all work at it hard.A. are B. were C. was D. is 1How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are2Not only his paren

22、ts but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They havent been back.A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone3Neither my father _ going to see the patient.A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is4Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.A. are a number of deer B. ar

23、e a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers5The number of _ in our class _ fifty. A. student, isB. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are6The number of the students in our class _ 54. A. is B. are C. has D. have7Not only I but also Jane and Mary_ tired of havin

24、g one examination after anotherAis Bare Cam Dbe8A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. Ais offered Bhas offered Care offered Dhave offered9When and where to build the new factory _yet Ais not decided Bare not decided Chas not decided Dhave not decided10The number of people invi

25、ted _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons Awere，was Bwas, was Cwas，were Dwerewere11Between the two buildings _a monumentAis standing Bstanding Cstands Dstand12Many a student _that mistake before.Ahad made Bhas been made Chave mad D has made13None of the money _hisAis Bare Cbelon

26、gs Dwere14About three-fifths of the work _done yesterdayAhad Bwas Cwere Dhave15 Neither your sister nor mine _the good newsLets tell them Aknow B knows CknewI. .用所給動詞的適當形式填空。 1. Two thousand miles _ (be) too far for us to travel over a short vacation. 2. The old in my country _ (be) cared for by the

27、ir children and grandchildren. 3. There _ (be) a pair of trousers on the sofa. 4. Ten divided by two _ (equal) five. 5. The Chinese people _ (be) a great people. 6. Nobody but Tim and Tom _ (be) in the room. 7. Li Fang like many girls _ (like) dancing. 8. Every boy and every girl _ (want) to go ther

28、e. 9. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ (be) sea. 10. All of the work _ (be) finished. II.選擇填空。 1. The rich _ not always happy. A. are B. is C. has D. have 2. The old woman, together with her two grandsons, _ crossing the road. A. are B. is C. has D. have 3. This pair of trousers _ Lucys.

29、Your trousers _ on your bed. A. is, are B. is, is C. are, are D. are, is 4. Ten kilometers _ a very long way to go in a day. A. are B. has C. is D. have 5. Climbing hills _ better than having classes. A. are B. is C. was D. have 6. What he wanted to know _ why they didnt tell him. A. are B. was C. w

30、ere D .is 7. Either you or he _ to stay at home this afternoon. A. has B. have C. are D. is 8. Neither of the twins _ bread. A. like B. likes C. liked D. is like 9. Fish and chips _ my favorite food. A. is B. are C. has D. become 10. The singer and dancer _ come to our city. A. are B. is C. have D.

31、has 11. Three-fourths of the water _ gone. A. is B. are C. have D. were 12. Everybody, men and women, young and old, _ listening to the radio here. A. enjoys B. enjoy C. is enjoyed D. are enjoyed 13. Either Tom or Maria _ sure to know the answer. A. are B. be C. is D. were14. Neither you nor he _ ho

32、w to answer the question. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. to know 15. I as well as they _ ready to help you. A. am B. are C. is D. be 16.The number of the students in the class _ about forty. A. is B. are C. were D .have 17. Every hour and every minute _ important. A. are B. be C. is D. were 18.Look!

33、 The Turner family _ having supper under the tree in front of their house. A. is B. are C. like D. like 19. Not only the twins but also their father _ the film. A. like B. likes C. liking D. is like 20. He is one of the children who _ fond of playing football. A. is B. was C. were D. are 四、應(yīng)用性訓練。 I.

34、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。 1. Neither the teacher nor the students _ (have) enough time. 2. Most of the houses _ (need) painting. 3. A person who has good friends _ (enjoy) life more. 4. John, together with his family, _ (be) flying to London. 5. Few of my family really _ (understand) me. 6.One third of the stud

35、ents_(be) boys. 7.There_(be) twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 8.Many a students _(have) this new dictionary. 9.Every man, woman and child _(be) asked to contribute. 10.An old man or mature(成熟) woman_(be) needed for this job. II. 選擇填空。 1. There _a lot of people at the

36、street corner when the accident happened. A. Was B. were C. have been D. had 2. Neither she nor Dick and I _interested in maths. A Is B. are C. am D. be 3. Fish and chips _the most popular take-away food in England. A.Are B. is C. were D. was 4. How many students are there in your school ? -_the stu

37、dents in our school _over two thousand. A. The number of; of B.The number of ; are C.A number of ; of D. A number of ;are 5. All my classmates, except Wu Lin,_ interested in singing English songs. A. Is B. am C.are D.be 6. Neither he nor I _from Canada. We awe from Australia. A. Is B. was C.am D.be

38、7. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25_Christmas Day. A. is B. was C.has been D.will be 8. He thinks that two moths _quite a long time. A. is B.are C. be D. was 9. There _a sports meeting in our school next week. A.will hold B. will have C. is going to be D. is going to hold 10. Are the t

39、wins on thee team -No, neither of them_on the team. A.is B. Are C. were D.be 11. Im going to do some shopping this Sunday.-So_. A. do B. will C. am I D.I am 12. What_ the popular of Canada? Do you think it will_? A. is; become B. are; become C. are; grow D. is; grow 13. This pair of trousers_. A.is

40、mine B. is my C. are my D. are mine 14. Even a child knows that _are made of_. A.glasses; glass B.glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses 15.The number of pages in this book _three hundred. A. is B. are C. has D.have 16. The Smiths _China since the summer of 1993. A. has been to B. have b

41、een to C. has been in D. have been in 17. Not only the parents but also Mary _ London .They will come back in five days. A. has been to B. have been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 18. In our country, the old _taken good care of and the young_ well educated. A.is B. are C. has D. have 19. Each man and each woman _bring some water here. A. Has B. have C. has to D. have to 20. Every one except Tom and John_ there then. A.is B. was C. are D.were 主謂一致參考答案：1. 1 -4 C D A D2. 1-4 D B A C3. 1 -3 C C A4. 1 -3 A D A5. 1 -4 C B A C6. 1 -3 C B 參考答案1B解析該題考查的是主謂一致。Ten years通常被