牛津上海版中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)17 首字母填空不定代詞

1、課程主題：首字母填空- 不定代詞 授課時(shí)間：學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：教學(xué)內(nèi)容 一、專題知識(shí)梳理 2019-2019學(xué)年度初三二模楊浦首字母填空分析 I didnt think I had a passion(激情). I would sit in front of the TV all day, thinking about nothing but the next show. It was not long ago that I first learned how important having a passion is to life.On that day I went with my mum to

2、 drive my sister to the gym. I was bored. Then, as my mum stopped at a red light, s on the side of the road caught my eye. It was a man dressed in rags (衣衫襤褸). He was homeless. That didnt interest me, for I had seen many like him b . But in some ways he was d . This man was not sitting down with a s

3、ad expression. He had a radio in his hand and was dancing h to the music. The radio seemed to be the most precious(珍貴)thing he had. “ Mum, why does that man have a radio even thought hes homeless?” I asked. “He bought it,” she replied. “But if hes homeless, why doesnt he use the money to buy food or

4、 clothes? He w it on something he doesnt need.” “Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes arent the most important things. We need happiness, too.” That man must c enough music to buy a radio instead of food or clothes. I soon realized that happiness is the k to life. Without it, theres nothing to lo

5、ok forward to. A passion gives a person the happiness they need to keep going.81. someone/somebody 82. before 83. different 84. happily 85. wasted 86. care 87. key【解析】：此篇閱讀首字母題材為中考常見(jiàn)小品文，此類閱讀要求學(xué)生不僅要理解文章中的小故事而且要抓住文章的中心思想，即寓于故事當(dāng)中的人生道理。81題：考查不定代詞someone/somebody做主語(yǔ)，本題難度不大，注意到后文It was a man dressed in ra

6、gs (衣衫襤褸)即可填出，但有不少學(xué)生由于不定代詞不夠熟悉而導(dǎo)致失分。82題：考查句意理解，注意到句子當(dāng)中for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是因?yàn)槲抑耙?jiàn)過(guò)很多像他一樣的人即可填出。83題：考查形容詞different做表語(yǔ)。此空需要結(jié)合上下文信息，上文已提到他caught my eye，而且后文也一直在寫這個(gè)人無(wú)家可歸卻把錢花在買收音機(jī)上，由此可知他與眾不同，及different.84題：考查副詞happily作狀語(yǔ)修飾dance這個(gè)動(dòng)作。由后文可知這個(gè)人很喜歡音樂(lè)，且故事的中心是關(guān)于快樂(lè)的真諦，所以判斷是跟著音樂(lè)一起快樂(lè)起舞。85題：考查動(dòng)詞waste做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由上下文可知，故事中的主人公雖

7、然無(wú)家可歸但是卻花錢買了收音機(jī)，這一行為在作者看來(lái)是把錢浪費(fèi)在不必要的東西上，所以想到waste并不難，但由于這個(gè)句子的上下文都用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而此空因?yàn)槭找魴C(jī)已經(jīng)買了，應(yīng)該填過(guò)去時(shí)，即wasted.學(xué)生容易忽略時(shí)態(tài)變化。86題：此題考查動(dòng)詞care做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示在意。根據(jù)故事可知，故事主人公在缺衣少食的情況下把錢花在了收音機(jī)上，說(shuō)明他比起衣服食物更在意或更喜歡音樂(lè)。87題：此題考查名詞key做表語(yǔ)，表示生活的真諦。根據(jù)故事的情節(jié)及后面的介詞to提醒，可以填出key.二、專題精講一、不定代詞解密不定代詞：即不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。常用不定代詞有：some（something，so

8、mebody，someone）any（anything，anybody，anyone）no（nothing，nobody，no one）every（everything，everybody，everyone，） all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）fewother（s），another，none，one，either， neither 不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。1作主語(yǔ)Both of them are teachers他們兩人都是教師。2作賓語(yǔ)I know nothing about this person我對(duì)

9、這個(gè)人一無(wú)所知。3作表語(yǔ)All you have is nothing你所擁有的什么都不是。4作定語(yǔ)There is a little water in the glass玻璃杯里有一些水。5作狀語(yǔ)I can't find my book anywhere我在任何地方都不能找到我的書。如何判斷空格里的單詞是不定代詞呢？由于不定代詞可以在句子中做很多成分，所以不定代詞不像動(dòng)詞、形容詞等有較為規(guī)律的位置出現(xiàn)。但是這并不妨礙我們做好首字母填空，因?yàn)椴欢ù~是可以直接按照上下語(yǔ)境，語(yǔ)句意思來(lái)判斷的，省略了判斷詞性這一步。其實(shí)是比其他詞性更簡(jiǎn)單好填些。我們?cè)跉v年中考真題中來(lái)仔細(xì)看看不定代詞是不是

10、比較容易來(lái)判斷。二、解題技巧首字母閱讀高頻詞匯梳理代詞anyone anything either nothing ones himself herself hers Ourselves others mine myself nothing nobody something self These/They them yourself 歷年上海中考英語(yǔ)首字母填空動(dòng)不定代詞出現(xiàn)情況2019年上海中考Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week. Nine out of ten said they contacted fri

11、ends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone. Everyone we surveyed said they spoke to friends every day. Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day.【講解】通過(guò)句子成分分析，此處填入形容詞比較合適，根據(jù)前句中的contacted friends through the Internet和本句contacting friends was the telephone

12、的對(duì)比得知填入的“另一，再一”所以another比較合適。2019年靜安二模Even though Holmes has knowledge about many subjects , such as chemistry, botany(植物學(xué)) and anatomy, he still needs Dr Watsons help to fight with him. We should also have s_86_ to help you, especially if you dont know as much as Holmes.【講解】此段都說(shuō)的是要有一個(gè)助手來(lái)幫助自己，那么助手也可

13、以說(shuō)是“某個(gè)人”，所以someone合適。2019年黃浦二模When I was at university, I studied very hard. But a lot of my friends did very l 81 work. Some just did enough to pass the exam. Others didnt do quite enough. Fred Braines was such a student. He spent more time drinking in the Tea House than working in the library. 【講解

14、】根據(jù)前后文對(duì)比，but一詞表達(dá)出前后文意思是相反的，“作者學(xué)習(xí)努力，而他的同學(xué)學(xué)得很少”，所以答案是little，比較簡(jiǎn)單。2009年上海中考Week 1 This week, my family tried to save electricity. We never left the lights on when leaving the rooms. We switched off the TV when n 92 was watching it. 不定代詞 nobody【講解】缺乏主語(yǔ) ，一般就是名詞就是代詞，再看詞義，We never left the lights on when l

15、eaving the rooms這句話 跟92空所在的這一句話豈不是一個(gè)意思?一個(gè)說(shuō)是人不在家時(shí)，電腦關(guān)掉，后面再舉一個(gè)例子，就是電 視也要關(guān)掉，當(dāng)_在看的時(shí)候。2019年上海中考Dont spend longer than thirty minutes trying to fall asleep. If you cant get to sleep after half an hour, get up and do s 97 quiet, like reading. Only go back to bed when you feel tired. 不定代詞 something【講解】此題憑語(yǔ)感

16、可能更好做一點(diǎn)。但若是學(xué)生沒(méi)有語(yǔ)感，那只能按照套路去分析一下。此題直接判斷詞義。 讓學(xué)生注意關(guān)鍵詞like，like意味著后面是舉例子，舉例子是為了干嘛？不就是為了闡釋前面的意思嗎？ 所以reading是quiet的，但是reading只是舉的一個(gè)例子，還有很多跟reading類似的quiet的事情呢， 所以那些事情可以用something來(lái)指代。2019年上海中考A_95_ good reason for reading books is that it is useful. 不定代詞Another【講解】這個(gè)空還是很好判斷的，因?yàn)榍懊嬲f(shuō)了一個(gè)reason，再說(shuō)另一個(gè)時(shí)，只能用another

17、這個(gè)不定代詞了。讓 學(xué)生熟悉這些代詞。不定代詞基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練試題: 1All of us were invited, but n_ of us came. 2The weather in Shanghai is different from t _ in Baotou. 3The bottle is empty. There is n_ in it. 4Today, too many trees are still being cut down s_ in the world. 5These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me a_ one.

18、6 “Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?” “I like _ _ , because they're not useful.”7They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest. 8_ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in the dictionary.9My father is very busy with his work. He has _ ti

19、me to do the housework. 答案：none; that; nothing; somewhere; another; neither; none; Each; every; Little 三、專題過(guò)關(guān)Zhang Xiaoyu, 13, used to turn to her notebook to see if she had any homework. Now she goes to her class's QQ group to get the answer.The Hefei girl, t 86 with lots of students in China,

20、is experiencing a new thing in schoolusing the Internet for daily class activities. Using QQ group may be one of the most popular ways.Zhang's classmates all joined the group. "We d 87 homework and talk with each other," Zhang said. "Sometimes we complain about homework and exams.

21、"Liu Yamei, 35, a head teacher of a Hubei middle school, feels the s 88 way. She set up a QQ group for her class. "Some students feel shy to talk to me face to face. On the Internet, they're braver", Liu said. "I know more about their r 89 thoughts."Wang Jiayue, 14, from

22、 Nanjing also joins her class's QQ group. But she likes her class blog more because "it's i 90 ". Each class in her school has a blog. Every class member can write articles and share photos on the blog.Wang said once after school, all the students left e 91 her. She found the class

23、room floor was too dirty and cleaned it herself. Then she took a picturenot of the c 92 classroom, but the junk she cleaned out."My classmates were surprised to see that," Wang laughed. "They said that they would never let the classroom be dirt like that again."86. h_ 87. t_ 88.

24、p_ 89. a_ 90. a_ 91. r_ 92. s_Amy has never forgotten her drowning (溺水) experience when she was a little girl. That year, she did not know how to swim. O 86 she went to the beach with her family and her uncle's family.L 87 most kids, she and her sister, Helen, played with a life ring in the wate

25、r. They were both holding on to the life ring. After a while, Helen swam away with the life ring, leaving Amy behind. She was so frightened that she forgot to cry for help. She used all her energy trying to keep her head up, but she was not tall enough. It was too h 88 for a four-year-old girl. Soon

26、 she drank some ocean water and started to lose energy. Then she was sinking (沉沒(méi)) under the water. L 89 , her uncle noticed her and saved her just in time.Her family and her uncle's family were so frightened and Helen felt very sorry about it. To Amy, the experience was so a 90 that she never we

27、nt to the beach again. What's more, she couldn't watch a similar s 91 in a film. One day, she went to see the movie "Titanic" with her friends. When she saw the water rushing into the ship and people being washed away to the sea, she felt very uncomfortable. It made her think of he

28、r own experience.To get over her fear, Amy decided to learn how to swim. At first, she couldn't touch the water in the pool at all. When she tried to s 92 in the pool, she found the water was just up to her waist (腰部). Her fear wasn't as bad as before. After a week's training, she could

29、do it. She could enjoy the sunshine on the beach again.86. O 87. L 88. h 89. L 90. a91. s 92. sCell phones help us easily find people anywhere at any time. A cell phone can i 86 many things, such as games, music and Internet access. Today, 4.6 billion people around the world have cell phones, accord

30、ing to CBS News.However, cell phones may cause cancer, according to the World Health Organization. In a 2019 study, people who used a cell phone for 10 years or more were more than two times as likely to g 87 brain cancer, according to CNN."I think it is a good idea to give the public some sort

31、s of warning that long-term exposure to radiation (輻射) from your cell phone could p 88 cause cancer," told Dr Henry Lai. Lai is a research professor of bioengineering (生物工程) at the University of Washington who has studied radiation for more than 30 years.These s 89 may help you reduce your risk

32、 of cancer:* Headsets (耳機(jī)) give out much less radiation than phones. Some wireless headsets give out low-level radiation. However, you should take it off your ear when you're not talking to anyone. Using your phone with a speaker (%PW) will also make it s 90 .* Your phone gives out radiation whe

33、n you talk or text (發(fā)短信), but not when you're listening or receiving messages. Listening more and talking less can lower the risk of cancer.* Hold the phone away from your body when you're talking, not a 91 your ear. Also, don't keep it in your pocket.* Phones emit (發(fā)出 ) less radiation t

34、o send texts than to carry a person's voice. Texting also keeps radiation away from your head.* Fewer signal bars （信號(hào)強(qiáng)度）on your phone mean that the phone needs to give out more radiation to work. Make and take calls when your phone has a s 92 signal.86. i_ 87. g_ 88. p_ 89. s_ 90. s_91. a_ 92. s

35、_If you think you are too shy and want to be a little bit braver, just try the following things.Be o 86 to others. Tell people you are shy. There is no need to hide it. When they get to know you are a shy kid, they will understand you b 87 . This also helps you feel more comfortable in talks.Try to

36、smile more. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk with. Remember that other people have feelings, too; and most people will stay away from an angry-looking f 88 .Learn to be a good talker. If you find it hard to start a conversation, say something nice about people a 89 you.

37、 Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Do you have the strong desire to keep talking to that person?Get your attention elsewhere. Think more about ways to enjoy parties or games. N 90 waste time worrying about your look or whether people like you or not. You will be

38、come r 91 and find it's not so hard to talk with others.Take one small step at a time. Each time when you say "Hi!" or smile at someone, say to yourself "You can m 92 it." Keep trying and one day you'll no longer feel shy when you talk to others.86. o 87. b 88. f 89. a90.

39、 N91. r 92. mSomething landed in my e-mail inbox this year that filled me with horror (恐怖). It wasn't a virus. It was a little dancing snowman. The friend who had sent it had written "Merry Christmas, everyone!" at the bottom.I love the Internet. I would post on someone's micro blo

40、g to say "happy birthday". I would send an e-mail to give my c 86 to someone on his or her new job. But Christmas e-cards ? No way.There are some things you just don't do through e-mail. I would always handwrite letters to say "thank you" to someone for having me to stay at t

41、heir house, for example, or to e 87 my sadness if someone had died. Sitting down with a pile of at least 50 Christmas cards every year is part of the t 88 . It shows you can be bothered (煩惱) to actually put pen to paper, buy a stamp, and post a letter.But cards play even more of a special role at Ch

42、ristmas. At home, my family has special card display frames for our Christmas cards, and we stick red and green ribbons across the doors and hang cards over them. A 89 with the tree and the candles, cards become Christmas decorations.At the end of the holiday, my grandma and I sit together and cut a

43、way the pictures from the f_90 _of the cards to use as labels for presents next year.Most importantly, there's the fun of r 91 the people you're writing to. Each year I'll sit down with my address book. With each "Dear so-and-so" that I write, I remember the good times I spent

44、with that person. More often than not, I'll let them know what I've been doing this year, before ending with "We really must meet up s 92 in the near future" Will this all happen if I just select their e-mail addresses from my contacts list?86. c 87. e 88. t 89. A 90. f91. r 92. sD

45、angers of the webGong Yaping, 33, a businesswoman in Beijing, was more than a little confused when she received so many phone calls and text messages from her friends one day last month. They were all talking about the same thing, "Hi, I've sent 1,000 yuan to your new account." W 86 Go

46、ng realized that her QQ password had been cracked (破譯) and changed and her friends had given a lot of money to the thief, she became very angry.Many people have had the same e 87 as Gong and her friends. Recently, the police in Changzhou, Jiangsu arrested a group of people. They cracked QQ and pfete

47、nded to be the owner's friends and relatives. Millions of people are involved and the thief group has s 88 more than 40 million yuan.The 1 89 police explained how the thief group carried out their crime. They put viruses (病毒) on some websites. When people click these links or download something

48、from them, the virus will infect (感染) their computers. Then the virus will get the QQ accounts and passwords of the computer o 90 and send them to the thieves.According to the Computer network Emergency Response Technical Team in Jiangsu, there were a total of 21,738 c 91 of such crimes in the provi

49、nce from January to October.Dou Haiyang, an official from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences told People's Daily that people's property (財(cái)產(chǎn)) rights should also include virtual (虛擬的) property, such as QQ and online game accounts. "It's necessary to make laws or rules that special

50、ly p 92 people's virtual property," Dou said.86. W_ 87. e_ 88. s_ 89.1_ 90. o_ 91.c_ 92.p_Steve Jobs died at the age of 56, after a very long battle with c Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56, after a very long battle with illness. His 86 made millions of people worldwide heartbroken

51、. He was a businessman, but he was the "Michael Jackson" of businessmen. His Apple products were like songs that t 87 people's hearts and changed their lives.Jobs was not an inventor, but an innovator (革新者) and a man with a great wisdom. He took technology that others had invented and

52、designed products that had great style and were e 88 for people to use. And he made Apple products seem cool! The iMac, iPod, Iphone and iPad were always the coolest products on the market.Steve Jobs was also a good e 89 of "The American Dream." He came from a poor working family in Califo

53、rnia. He didn't have a good education. I 90 , he dropped out of college early on and started Apple in his workshop. But his success was soon followed by setbacks (挫折).Jobs was fired as CEO of the company in 1985, but that setback did not stop him. Jobs built anew computer company and also starte

54、d Pixar (皮克斯動(dòng)畫工作室) which produced the h91 movies Toy Story and Finding Nemo. Later, when Apple was in trouble, Jobs was brought back to save the companyand he did it!Jobs is a great role model for young people. He had a dream and he did his best to a 92 that dream. He suffered setbacks in business a

55、nd in his health, but he refused to let those setbacks stop him from following his dream. In the end, he left some inspirational words for young innovators: "Stay hungry, stay foolish!"86. d 87. t 88. e 89. e 90.1_91. h 92. aI walked into the hospital room one Sunday morning, knowing he di

56、dn't look the way he used to. He was certainly the same man i 86 , but on the outside he was just skin and bones. I told myself that this time I wasn't going to cry. Two days before, I walked out of the room with tears in my eyes and he noticed. I promised this time I was only going to 1 87

57、with him.I was greeted with a big smile from both my grandparents. Grandma looked as if she hadn't slept for days. The bed she slept in was t 88 and clean. I walked in while they were in the middle of a conversation. Grandma rose and left the room to go food shopping with my father. Before she l

58、eft, she said in a low v 89 , "Please get healthy." I couldn't help but think how much I wanted the same thing. Once again before I knew it, I was crying.Days went by and his condition didn't c 90 . I called him two or three times a week. We spoke about me and how I was doing. He would tell me how well he was feeling.