高中英語人教版選修七知識點盤點Unit3

1、高中英語人教版選修七知識點盤點Unit3 Under the seaI.?？紗卧~必背1. annual adj.每年的；年度的 n.年刊；年鑒Our schools annual sports day took place yesterday in 30 degree heOt天，學校一年 一度的運動會在30度的高溫下舉行了。2. witness vt.目擊；當場見到n.目擊者；證人替某人作證是的目擊者為某事作證作證；證明某事【習慣搭配】give witness on behalf of sb.be a witness to .witness to sth./doing sth.bear/gi

2、ve witness to sth.The driving we have witnessed was beyond belie戰(zhàn)們親眼 目 睹的駕車場面令 人難以置信。We were witness to the worst excesses of the military.我們目擊了最惡劣的軍隊暴行。3. opposite adj.（無比較級）對面的;相對的（截然）相反的;對立的 n. C 反義詞；對立面prep.在的對面We have opposite views on politics我們的政治觀點不同。She observed a man walking on the opposit

3、e side of the way. 注意到一個人在路的 對面走著。4. pause n. C中止；停頓；暫停 vi.中止；停頓；暫停She talked for an hour and a half without pause連續(xù)說了一個半小時，中間沒有 停歇。After you introduce the topic, pause to hear what your partner says.你弓I入了這個 話題后，停下來聽聽你的伙伴怎么說。5. flee（fled , fled） vt.逃離；逃避 vi.逃走；逃避 Many of the people have fled to the

4、mountains to escape the floodS. 多人為躲避洪 水都逃到了山上。The smile fled from his face他臉上的笑容傾刻時消失了。6. drag vt拖拽；吃力地往前拉vi.落后；緩慢前進 n.拖，拉；累贅【習慣搭配】drag behind落在后面drag in扯進來drag sb. down使某人沮喪drag on拖延We all have a good laugh so the time never drag豉們經(jīng)常笑得很開心，所以時間 過得快。She dragged herself out of bed still half asleep.她

5、掙扎著起了床,還是睡眼惺松。Her skirt dragged on the floor.她的裙子拖在地上。Joes been ill for weeks now its really dragging him down.喬已經(jīng)病了幾個星期了，這使他很沮喪?！疽谆毂嫖觥縟rag/draw/pulldrag表示費力，緩慢而艱難地拉、拖”較重的物體。draw表示從容地 拉、拖”。pull表示突然、急速地 拉”，方式不限。We dragged the fallen tree from the road.我們把倒在路上的樹拖到一邊。Draw your chair up to the table.把你的

6、椅子拉到桌子旁邊來。Five monkeys pull the elephant.五只猴子在拉大象。7. urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策【習慣搭配】urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth.力勸某人某事；催促某人某事urge sb. to do sth.激勵某人做某事；慫恿某人做某事urge that .主張(用虛擬語氣)They urged me to eat (into eating) the strange foo她們慫恿我吃那種奇怪的食物。He urged that we (should) take such steps.極力主張我們采取這些措施。8. a

7、bandon vt.放棄；遺棄 n. U放任；狂放【習慣搭配】with abandon 放肆地abandon oneself to(to為介詞) 沉溺于；縱t青同義短語：apply oneself to, devote oneself tq resign oneself to等。Dont abandon yourself to despair不要自暴 自棄。She abandoned herself to grief.她陷入悲痛之中，無法自拔。They drank and smoked with reckless abandon.他們縱情地喝酒抽煙，毫無顧忌?！疽谆毂嫖觥縜bandon/des

8、ert/give upabandon強調(diào)永遠或完全放棄人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。desert著重指違背法律責任和義務或自己的信仰與誓言的行為，多含非難的意味。give up普通用語，側(cè)重指沒有希望，或因為外界壓力而放棄。The match was abandoned because of bad weather.比賽因惡劣的天氣而取消。Never desert your friends. 永不遺棄朋友。He persuaded me to give up my plan.在他的勸說下，我放棄了那個計劃。9. target n.目標；靶子；受批評的對象I aimed the gu

9、n carefully at the targe或小心地用槍瞄準了 目標。10. sharp adj.鋒利的；尖的 敏銳的；機警的 尖刻的；嚴厲的習慣搭配keep a sharp eye on sb密切注意某人Keep a sharp eye on the kids at all time!你要一直睜大眼睛看好這些孩子！Mary, who has sharp eyes can see through others.瑪麗,目光敏銳, 能看透另人。11. aware adj.意識到的；知道的意識到某事知道；意識到提醒某人注意讓某人注意到【習慣搭配】be/ become aware of sth.b

10、e aware that-clausemake sb.aware that-clausemake sb.aware of .He wasn t aware of the danger.他沒有意識至U危險。Is she aware that I m coming?我要來嗎 ？聯(lián)想拓展unaware adj.不察覺的；不知道的 awareness n.知道； 意識溫馨提示aware后跟名詞性從句時，一般在從句前不能用of,但在what從句前必須用 of。12. reflect vi. 思考vt.映射；反射；思考【習慣搭配】reflect on/upon/over仔細想，考慮，反省 reflect

11、that 思考Can you see the trees reflected in the window?你能看到映到窗上的樹影嗎？He had time to reflect on his successes and failures.他有時間反思他的成功和失敗。Tom reflected that he had never seen Jack so happy.湯姆說他從未見過杰克這么高興。n.高頻短語必會1. . help()out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危險cannot help doing sth 禁不住做某事2. be/become aware of對知道、明白；意識至U3. ups

12、ide down上下翻轉(zhuǎn)4. (be)scared to death 嚇死了m.寫作句式必學句式1 ： It was/is a time when曾經(jīng)一段時間(那時)原旬：It was a time when the killer whales, or“killers “ as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那個時期，虎鯨一當時被稱為“殺手”，幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉它們。說明：該句中含有一個 when引導的定語從句，

13、修飾time。其中or “killers” asthey were then called是 the killer whales 的同位語,as引導定語從句修飾 “killers”。而the baleen whale雙由that引導的定語從句進行修飾。It was/is a time when曾經(jīng)、那時候/現(xiàn)在,句型There was a time when也表示“曾經(jīng)”。It was a time when many young people went to the countryside to get some training.那是一個很多年輕人到農(nóng)村去鍛煉的時代。句式 2： see s

14、b doing sth看見某人正在干某事原句： We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.我們及時趕到案邊，看到我們對面一個龐大的動物猛力躍出水面，然后又墜落到水里。說明：感官動詞 see, watch, notice, discover, hear, sme睜可跟動詞-ing形式作賓 語補足語，動詞ing 與賓語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作正在進行。I saw him runn

15、ing across the street when I walked past the shop.昨天我路過商店時看見他正橫穿馬路。句式 3： with+ 賓語+賓語補足語I m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic!我坐在溫暖的夜空下，手里拿著一瓶冷飲，回憶著當天的事情 這可是奇妙至及的一天。說明：“with+l語+賓語補足語”在句中充當狀語，表示伴隨，原因等。The teacher came in with a thi

16、ck book in her hand.老師走了進來，手里拿著一本厚厚的書。With a local villager leading the way, we found his house easily.有當?shù)卮迕駧?，我們很容易就找到了他家。句?4： be about to do sth. 正要做某事原句： This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.這是宣布捕鯨行動馬上就要開始的呼聲。說明：be about to do st昧示即將做某事，一般不加時間狀語。She was about to wa

17、tch TV when the electricity was cut off.她剛要看電視，這時停電了。句式 5: where., there be . 在地方，有原句： The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很淺，但到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。說明：where., there be .在地方，有,where引導地點狀語從句。As the saying goes, where there is a

18、 will, there is a way.常言道，有志者事竟成。同步常考知識點練習I .單句語法填空1. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharplysharp),“ Dont beso mean, pointing a finger of warning at her.2. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation(accommodate) for the homeles

19、s families.3. It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner*the meanwhile, Ill set the table.4. Butterflies feed on a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.5. Their sudden attack made us more aware _of_ the danger around us.6. The girl

20、was a witness_to the accident and said the driver appeared to be drunk.7. He yelled at her to be careful while crossing the busy road.8. Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully, the company should reflect on/upon its original marketing methods.9. With a large amount of work remaining

21、(remain) to be done, the chief couldnt spare time for a holiday.10. As the proverb goes, where the money is there is the power.n.完成句子1 . My best friend helped me out鄙我擺月兌了 困境)when I lost my job and becamehomeless.2 .It was not until after graduation that he decided to throw himself into teaching_全 身

22、心投入到教育事業(yè)之中).3 . The man anxiously urged the driver to drive fasterjt促司機開快點兒 )so that he could catch the last flight.4 . The thief was scared to death#死)at the thought of being discovered and shot, so he handed himself to the police last Tuesday.5 .當我們因為缺錢而關(guān)門停業(yè)時，銀行挽救了我們。When we were about to close do

23、wn the business because of the lack of money, the bank came to our rescue.6 .這位母親被控拋棄了自己的嬰兒。The mother was accused of abandoning her own baby.7 .讀小學的時候，我經(jīng)常害怕被叫去做家務。When I was in primary school, I used to fear being asked to do housework_.8 .這種漁網(wǎng)不僅會把魚給網(wǎng)住，還會將其它的海洋動物一并抓住，而這些動物通常因為沒人買而被扔掉。(not onlybut a

24、lso)This kind of fishing net no only catches the target fish but also many other sea animals, which would be thrown away because they are not needed for marketing.9 .海洋資源是如此的重要，我們必須采取措施去保護它們。(so.that)The marine resources are so important that we should take some measures to protect them.10 .在各種各樣的海洋

25、動物里，我覺得海豚是最可愛最聰明的。Among all kinds of sea animals in the sea I regard the dolphin as the most lovely and smartest one.m.單句改錯1. In the exams, beautiful and neatly handwriting is beneficial to us students. neatly fneat2. Knowing that the little girl didnt come to school, I cant help wonder what happene

26、d to her.wonderfwondering3. Judging from the furniture in the room, the building has abandoned for a number of years.has后力口 been4. He said that the manager had already been aware the problem. aware 后力口 of5. When I first saw a real snake, I was scared to dead. deadfdeath6. His image seemed to be refl

27、ected many times on the mirror. onfin7. The manager urged that a meeting must be held to discuss how to improve our work.mustfshould或去掉 must8. A truck came in an opposite direction of the car, so the car driver made a sharply turn._sharply f shafpIV .語篇填空Im sitting in the warm night air with a cold

28、drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic! I went snorkeling on the reef offshore this morning and2) jtwas the most fantastic thing I have ever doneSeeing(see) such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. It was like discovering a whole new dimension of life

29、. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding(surround) me purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.The corals were fantastic-they were shaped like fans, plates, brains, lace, mushrooms, the branches of trees and the horns of deer. And all kinds of small, neat an

30、d elegant fish were swimming (swim) in and around the corals.The fish didnt seem to mind me swimming among them. I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed. And I also loved the small fish that clean the bodies of lager(large) fishI even saw them get

31、 inside their mouths and clean their teeth!V .話題寫作用本單元所學知識完成下列句子，并按照邏輯連成短文。1 .我的導盲犬小聰聰經(jīng)常救我于危難之中。遇到危急情況它從不逃脫。My guide dog Smart often helps me out. He never flees away in face of emergency.2 . 一大，我們正過馬路，突然，我還沒反應過來，它停下來把我拉了回來。One day, we were crossing the street when Smart paused and dragged me back b

32、efore I was aware of it.3 .我聽到一輛車呼嘯而過。每個目睹的人都嚇得要死。I heard a car whistling by. Everyone who witnessed this was scared to death.4 .我非常感激他沒有拋棄我。I was very thankful that he didnt abandon me.組篇公式：句3改為which引導的非限定性定語從句。答案： My guide dog Smart often helps me out, and in face of emergency, he never flees away

33、. One day, we were crossing the street when Smart paused and dragged me back before I was aware of it. Then I heard a car whistling by, which made everyone who witnessed this be scared to death. I was very thankful that he didnt abandon me.語法：-ing形式的被動語態(tài)V-ing形式的各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)：時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一M式v-ingbeing done完成

34、式having donehaving been done1 .動名詞的被動式：1）動名詞的被動式有兩種：being +過去分詞；having been +過去分詞。例如:a）每個人都喜歡得到贊美。Everybody likes being praisedb）我記得曾經(jīng)聽過這故事。I rememberedhaving been told the story.2）在need/want/require儒要）和be worth （值得）等詞后面，動名詞的主動形式表 示被動意義。例如：a）這件事需要調(diào)查。The matter requireslooking into.=The matter requir

35、es to be looked into.b） 這本書值得一讀。 The book is worth reading. = The book is worthy of being read.2 .現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式1）現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式也有兩種：being +過去分詞（強調(diào)事情正在發(fā)生）； having + been +過去分詞（強調(diào)事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，不作定語）。例如：a）她正接受提問，感到有點兒緊張。Being asked to answer the question, she felt a little nervous.b）這么好的機會給了你，你怎么能一點也不珍惜呢？Having been giv

36、ensuch a good chance, how could you not value it at all?2）作定語時，“beingt+去分詞”表示正在進行的動作；done表示一般過去或已經(jīng) 完成的動作；to be done表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如：a）正在建造的房屋，完工后將用作我們的圖書館。The housebeing built will be our library upon its completion.b）所使用的教材都是時新的。The textbooksusedare all up-to-date.c）你打算參加下月召開的會議嗎？Are you going to attend

37、 the meetingto be held next month?注意：V-ing表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時或在其后發(fā)生，或表示一般情況.being done表示的被動動作正在進行或與謂語動詞的動作同時(有時之后)發(fā)生, 或表示一般情況。而having done表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。如：I am thinking of getting (get) a new dictionary.I approved of his taking (take) part in the project.I enjoy listening(listen) to classical music

38、.現(xiàn)在修建的發(fā)電站將是埃及最大的發(fā)電站之一。The power stationbeing built now will be one of the largest in Egypt.她堅持被派給最苦的工作。She insisted onbeing given (give) the hardest task.他們遺憾沒能把實情告訴你們。They regret not being (be) able to inform you of the fact.被邀請后，李先生去參加了會議。Having been invited(invite), Mr. Li went to attend the meet

39、ing.我很感激兩年前被給予了去國外學習的機會。I appreciatehaving been given(give) the chance to study abroad two years ago.V-ing的被動式在句中可以作：1)主語Being laughed(laugh) at in public is a terrible experience.Being killed (kill) by sharks was a common thing.s skinBeing exposed(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm

40、to one2)賓語I could see he was terrified ofbeing abandoned(abandon) by us.Do you rememberhaving been taken(take) to Beijing at the age of ten?The little girl was eventually aware of having been abandoned (abandon) by her parents in the mountainous village.=The little girl was eventually aware that her

41、 parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.He wouldn t come withoueing invited(invite).注意：下面短語中的to是介詞，后面只能跟名詞或V-ing：devote - to投入 ), get down to 密手干),lead to (通向，導致)，object to (反對)，pay attention to (主意)，look forward to (盼望),be used to 曰慣于),stick to (堅持),prefer tcoadmit (承認)，appreciate, avoid,

42、 can禁不 help (stand除受)，consider (# 慮，打算),enjoy, escape 6朵避),excuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss (錯 過)，practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest:議)等后接 v-ing。No one can prevent the plan frombeing carried (carry) out.The bird was lucky that it just missedbeing caught(catch).He has

43、always insisted on hisDeing called (call) Dr. Tuner instead of Mr. Turner. While shopping, people sometimes canbein helprsuadec(persuade) into buyingsomething they don t really need.3)賓語補足語I saw Jamesbeing held (hold) up in the water by old Tom.The well was found being dug (dig) when we got there.I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.=I noticed some peoplebeing taken (take) to the police station.4)定語The meetingbeing held (hold) now is very important. 但having been done不能作定語，而只能作狀語。正在被建在公園旁邊的賓館是由一群年輕人建的。The hotel being built (build) now beside the park was design