虛擬語氣練習(xí)題(附答案)

1、高中英語虛擬語氣練習(xí)題【重點歸納】一、虛擬條件句的類別虛擬條件句可分為三類：一類是敘述與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況；一類是敘述與過去事實相反的情況；另 一類是敘述與將來事實相反的情況。其主句和從句的謂語動詞構(gòu)成如下：1.與現(xiàn)在事實相反條件從句用過去時(be動詞的過去式一律用were)，主句用would(should/ might / could)+動詞 原形”。如：If I were you, I would acce pt the in vitati on to the p arty.如果我是你的話，我將接受去舞會的邀請。If I knew her well, I would tell you ab

2、out her.如果我很了解她的話，我將告訴你關(guān)于她的事情。2.與過去事實相反條件從句用過去完成時，主句用“would /should/ might / could + have +If you had bee n there last ni ght, no thi ng would have happen ed.如果你昨天晚上在那兒的話，就沒有什么事情發(fā)生了。If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus.如果我起得更早一些的話，就趕上頭班車了。3.與將來事實相反條件從句用過去時或者“were to +動詞原形”或者“sh

3、ould+動詞原形”，主句用“would(should/ might / could)+動詞原形”，女口：If it were Saturday tomorrow, we would n如果明天是周六的話，我們就不考試了。If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith.如果你明天去參觀學(xué)校的話，你就會看到史密斯教授。If it should rain tomorrow, the sp orts meet would be put off un til n ext Friday.如果明天下雨的話，運動

4、會將被推遲到下周五舉行?！咎貏e提示】在虛擬條件句中，謂語動詞按照“后退一步法”使用，即：與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句中用一般過去時； 與過去事實相反，從句中用過去完成時；與將來事實相反，從句中用過去將來時。二、虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝如果if虛擬條件句中有were, had,或者should等詞時，可以省略if，把這些詞放在主語前，形成 倒裝句。如：If I should meet her (Should I meet her), I would tell her.如果我遇見她的話，我就告訴她。If I were in your po siti on (Were I in your po siti o

5、n), I would do it better.如果我在你的位置上，我會做得更好。If they had made prep arati ons (Had they made prep arati on s), they would have succeeded.如果他們做了準(zhǔn)備的話，他們就已經(jīng)成功了。【重點歸納】1.錯綜時間條件句：有時在非真實條件句中，主句謂語動詞所表示的動作和條件從句中謂語動詞所表示的動作并不同時發(fā)生，這時主句和從句的謂語動詞要根據(jù)各自所指的不同時間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣形式。如：Had I take n my umbrella with me whe n I came o

6、ut this mornin g, I should not be wet now.如果我今天早上出來的時候帶著傘的話，現(xiàn)在就不會淋濕了。（從句說的是過去的事情，而主句說的 是現(xiàn)在的事情）If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be all right now.過去分詞”，如:t have an exam.如果你（那時）聽從我的建議的話，現(xiàn)在就不會有事了。（從句說的是過去的事情，而主句說的是現(xiàn) 在的事情）If I hadnt finished my position by now, I would be working on it t

7、omorrow.如果到現(xiàn)在為止我還沒有完成作文的話，我明天還要接著寫。（從句說的是現(xiàn)在的事情，而主句說的 是將來的事情）2.含蓄虛擬條件句：有時一個假設(shè)的情況并不用條件從句表示，而用其它方式來表示，這樣的句子叫含蓄條件句。主要有 以下幾種情況。1）用with, without，but for等介詞短語來替代條件從句,它們都可以轉(zhuǎn)換成由if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件 句。如：We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you had n如果（那時）沒有你們的幫助，我們可能已經(jīng)死了。Without the sun, nothing

8、would grow. = If there was no the sun, nothing would grow.沒有太陽，萬物都不能生長。2）用or, otherwise, but that, supp ose/ supposing （that）, pro vided / pro vid ing （that）導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣。如：You didnt e yesterday, or you would have seen him.你昨天沒有來，否則的話，你就已經(jīng)看到他了。I was very busy last week, otherwise I would have e to see you.

9、我上周很忙，否則的話，我就來看你了。Supposing I was still a little child, I would study hard from now on.假如我還是一個小孩子的話，我將從現(xiàn)在開始努力學(xué)習(xí)。3）通過上下文來表示虛擬：這種情況下，需要加以分析。I would have give n you more mon ey, but I was so poor the n.我（那時如果有錢的話）就可以給你更多的錢了，但是我當(dāng)時太窮了。I would have called you, but I forgot your tele phone nu mber.我本來可以給你打

10、XX，但是我（那時）忘了你的XX號碼。Having known the fact in time, we couldnt have said that. = If we had known the fact intime, we couldnt have said that.如果我們（那時）及時知道事實的話，就不會說那件事了。Any man in his po siti on would have done that.處于他那個位置的任何人都會那樣做的。4）由should +動詞原形或者should/could/might have +過去分詞構(gòu)成的虛擬語氣。種情況下，虛擬條件句經(jīng)常省略，而只

11、剩下主句結(jié)構(gòu)，如：I should have told you that, but I was afraid that you could n我本應(yīng)該告訴你那件事，但我擔(dān)心你不能接受這個事實。Tom, you are so lazy! This work should have bee n fini shed hours ago.湯姆，你太懶了！這個工作本應(yīng)該幾個小時之前完成。3.在if it were/had been not for句型中的虛擬語氣If it were not for,表示對現(xiàn)在事實的假設(shè)；If it had not been for,表示對過去事實的假設(shè)。If it we

12、re not for the Intern et, everyth ing would be very difficult.要不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，一切都會變得很難。Had it not bee n for your overcoat, I would have died.要不是你那件大衣，我就被凍死了。t helped us.等引t accept the fact.【經(jīng)典例題】1. If my lawyer_ here last Saturday, he_ me from going.A. had bee n; would have p reve nted B. had bee n; would p

13、reve ntC. were; would p reve ntD. were; would have p reve nted2. If I had worn my overcoat, I_ cold.A. wont have caught B .couldnt have caughtC. wont catch D. wouldnt catch3.If he_, he_ that food.Luckily he was sent to the hos pital immediately.A. was warn ed; would not take B. had bee n warn ed; wo

14、uld not have take nC. would be warn ed; had not take n D. would have bee n warn ed; had not take n4. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she_ , she would have met my brother.A. has e B. did e C. came D. had e【答案與解析】1A.本題考查虛擬語氣。因為從句表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，故從句謂語動詞用過去完成時，而 主句謂語動詞用would have +過去分詞形式。2.B本題考查

15、虛擬條件句中主句謂語動詞的使用。因為從句用了過去完成時，可知主句謂語動詞用would / could have+過去分詞形式。根據(jù)句意，可知選B。3.B.根據(jù)答語，可知本題考查與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。故從句謂語動詞用過去完成時，而主句 謂語動詞用wouldhave +過去分詞形式。4.D.根據(jù)句意“在會上我沒有看到你的姐姐。如果她來的話，她就見到我哥哥了”可知，這是考查 對過去事實的虛擬。主句用could have done，故從句謂語動詞應(yīng)該用過去完成時。Grammar work語法專練動詞變形用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.? If the factory_But it isnt your

16、s.2.If you_ (kee p) the secret, n obodyIm sorry for making such a mistake.3. If the weather were to be (be) fine tomorrow, I_(go) for an out ing with my parents.4. _(be) I you, I would think about this p roblem once aga in.5. _(have) I had time last ni ght, I_ (go) to see this won derful film.完成句子 根

17、據(jù)中文提示完成下列各句。1.如果你年輕五歲，你該怎么辦？What_you_ , if you_2.如果你開車更小心一點，就不會出這樣的事故。If you_your car more carefully, such a traffic accide nt3.如果明天下霧，我就不能開車去購物。If it_ foggy tomorrow, I_4.如果明天天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴，我們就去野If it_ clear up tomorrow, we_5.如果我是一個男孩，我當(dāng)然會去參軍。(bel ong) to me, I(not sell) it.(know) it.five years youn ger?my c

18、ar to go shopping.for a p icnic.If I_ a boy, I_certa inly join the army.6.如果你是我兄弟，你也會一樣對我。If you_ my brother, you_7.如果我有你這樣的姐姐會非常幸福的。I_very happy, if I _8.如果我撿到了那只錢包，一定交給失主了。If I_ up the wallet, Iowner.9.萬一明天下大雪，一切都將被改變。If it_ snow heavily tomorrow, everyth ing_10.如果你那天沒有抽煙，火災(zāi)就不會發(fā)生。If you_that day,

19、the fire_Grammar quiz語法小測測一測選擇最佳答案。1. He_you more help, eve n though he was very busy.A. might have give nB. might give C. should give D. may give2. What would have happened_ as far as the river bank?A. Bob had walkedB. if Bob should walkC. had Bob walkedD. if Bob walked3. _ I in your po siti on, I

20、would not acce pt the in vitati on.A. Was B. Were C. Be D. Am4. If my father_ here the day after tomorrow, he_A. came, cant see B es, couldnt seeC. es, couldnt have seen D. came, couldnt see5. If it_to snow next week, I would not go to visit that mou ntai n village.A. is B. be C. were D. are6. If it

21、_rain this eve nin g, I would not go to see this America n film.A. would B. should C. could D. might7. _asked to do this, I would certai niy do it in a differe nt way.A. Were I B. Am I C. If I am D. Was I8. If he could help us, I am sure he_ . HeA. should B. had C. would have D. didtreat me in the s

22、ame way.an elder sister like you.it toitsbe cha nged.out.me at all.s always ready to help others.9._ her in time, she would have jumped into the river.A. If I sto pped B. Did I stopC. If I didnt stop D. If I hadnt stopped10. If I_ten years youn ger, I_ out to try my luck.A. am, would go B. was, will

23、 go C. were, would go D. were, would have gone11. If you_my advice, you_A. followed, cant make B. followed, couldnC. had followed, could n12.If Ithatin it.A. didnC.hadnsuch a serious mistake.t have madet make D. had followed, couldnt have madecrowded bus yesterday morning, I _my purse with a lot of

24、moneyt take, couldn ttake n, could nt lose B. hadntlose D. didnt taken, wouldnt have lostt take,cant have lost語法專練動詞變形(One p ossible versi on)1. belonged; wouldnt sell 2. had kept; would have known 3. would go 4. Were 5. Had; wouldhave gone完成句子1. would; do; were 2. had driven; couldnt have happened

25、3. were; couldnt drive 4. were to; would go 5. were; would 6.were; would 7. would be; had 8. had p icked; would have retur ned9. should; would 10. hadnt smoked; wouldnt have broken語法小測測一測1-5 ACBDC 6-10 BACDC 11-12 DB虛擬語氣（二）虛擬條件句的一些特殊用法3.D。should have done表示“本應(yīng)該做某事而實際上未做”，本句意為：“我告訴你朋友該怎么到 達旅館了，但是也許我應(yīng)

26、該開車把她送到那兒去”。Grammar work語法專練選擇最佳答案。1. _the thick forest, we would ofte n have to suffer from a san dstorm.A. If it is not for B. If it were not for C Is it not for D. Was it not for2. _your offer of rice and vegetables, we would have gone hun gry.A. If it hasnt been for B. WithC. Has it not bee n fo

27、r D. Had it not bee n for3. _ your timely and correct guidanee, I couldnt have solved the problem so smoothly.A. Had it not bee n for B. Were it not forC. If it has not bee n for D. If it is not for4. Jane would have gone to Wash ington_ to get a plane ticket.A. was she able B. if she had bee n able

28、 C. would she be able D. if she is able5. _for her encouragement, I would not have paid for that good-for-nothinghuge vase.A. Were it not B. If it is n ot C. Had it not bee n D. If they were not6. If I_ a lot of money like you, I_buy that large pany.A. had, would buy B. have, wouldC. had, would have

29、 bought D. have had, would have bought7.If she_ my English teacher, I_ much from her.A. was, can lear n B .is, could lear n C. were, could lear n D. had bee n, could learn8. If I_ out to work last year, I_ much more mon ey.【考點導(dǎo)航】1.My cats really fat.You_ have give n her so much food.A. wouldnt B .co

30、uldnt C. shouldnt D. mustn2. How s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It_ be, but it is now heavily p olluted.A. will B. would C. should D. must3. I told your frie nd how to get to the hotel, but p erha ps I（2007陜西）A. could B. must C. might【答案與解析】1.Co shouldnt have done表示“本來不應(yīng)該做某事而實際做了

31、”。2.C。根據(jù)句意，“本來這個湖應(yīng)該是很漂亮的，但是現(xiàn)在被嚴(yán)重污染了”可知選表示“本來應(yīng)該，暗含著實際上不”之意。D. should（2007浙江）t（2007全國卷I）have drive n her there.Co should在這里A. had gone, would make B. had gone, would have madeC. went, would make D. went, would have made9.I supported him in time, otherwise he_ off the bike.A. might fall B. would fall C

32、. should have falle n D. would have falle n10. It is hard for me to imagi ne what I would be doing today if I_ in love with Maryin my hometow n.A. wouldnt have fallenB. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall11. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night_A. would be free

33、z ing cold B. will be freez ing coldlyC. would be froze n cold D. can freeze coldly12.Why dont you buy the necklace since you like it so much?I_ , but I dont have the money.A. would B. will C. should D. may13.Fi nally I got to my gran dmotherReally? You_a ride there.A. must have take nB. could have

34、take nC. shouldnt have taken D. couldn14. If I had worked harder at school, I_A. would sit B. would have sat C. would be sitti ng D.were sitt ing15. My father told me how to get here but p erha ps he_ me a map.A. had to give B. ought to give C. must have give n D. should have give n Grammar quiz語法小測

35、I.1.如果不是兩次考大學(xué)都失敗的話，他也不會一聲不吭地離家出走。根據(jù)上下文的意思，完成句子。（要不是）your mobile phone, I couldn（要不是天氣好的話），I couldnt go climbing that day.4. Providing that I had finished the report two days before, I _第16期B3版Keys:語法專練1-5 BDABC 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AABCD語法小測I. (One p ossible versi on)1. But for your help, I would have f

36、ailed.2. Not hav ing failed in the college entrance exam in atio n twice, he would nwithout say ing a word.3. If it had not bee n for your timely supp ort, I would have failed in the electi on.4. Were it not for this magaz in e, it would be difficult for us to kill the time.II. (One p ossible versi

37、on)3.如果不是你及時的支持，我就會輸?shù)暨@次大選。4.沒有這本雜志，我們打發(fā)時光就很難。s home on foot.t have take nin a fortable office now.請將下列句子翻譯成英語。 要不是你幫忙的話，我會失敗的。2.II.1. If it2. I was really very busy that day, otherwise, I3.t have got in touch with her.就去參加舞會了).（就不會被開除了）now.t have left home1. hadnt been for 2. would have gone to the

38、party 3. But for the fine weather 4. wouldn t be fired虛擬語氣（一）The boy acted_ he had n ever lived in Can ada beforeA as though B eve n ifC as D since_ to the doctor right away, he might have bee n aliveA If he went B Were he gone C Should he have gone D Had he goneIf you were older, I_you to go there

39、yesterdayA will allow B should allow C would have allowed D had allowedThe secretary suggested that they_ the men in at onceA had brought B should have brought C brought D bringI wish I_ able to tell him all about it last ni ghtA was B were C had bee n D should beIf we_ here ten mi nu tes earlier, w

40、e_ the busA arrived/would catchB arrived/would have caughtC had arrived/had caught D had arrived/would have caughtIf I_ more time, I would have gone with himA had B had had C have had D would haveHe was very busy yesterday, otherwise he_to the meeti ngA would e B came C would have e D had eThe Jade

41、Emp eror ordered that the Mon key King_ right awayA would be arrestedB must be arrestedC be arrestedD had to be arrested10Jan es un cle in sisted_ in this hotel any Ion gerA not stay ing B not to stay C that he not stay D stay ing not11Dont touch the slee ping tiger If he woke up, he_youA would e to

42、B would e atC would have e toward D will e to12Without electricity huma n life_ quite differe nt todayA is B will be C would have bee n D would be13How I wish I_ to rep air the watch! I on ly made it worseA had tried B had nt tried C have tried D did nt try14He dema nded that the laboratory report_i

43、mmediately after the exp erime nt was doneA was writte n B be writte nC must be writte nD would be writte n15The man in sisted that he_thereA should send B would be sent C sent D be sent16If he had not gone out in the storm_A he will be alive now B he would be alive nowC he would have bee n alive no

44、w17If it_ tomorrow, what would we do?A rains B were to rain C would rain D rain18It is required that you_ at sixA will arrive B arrive C arrived D would arrive19If only I_ how to op erate an electro nic pu ter as you doA had known B would know C should know D knew20He sp oke in a quiet, disti net vo

45、ice, as though his thought_A is to, shouldB were to, wouldA was far away B had bee n far away C were far away D went far away21If it_ rain, we_get wet404142432223242526272829303132 examC were going to, wouldD was going to, shouldIf he_ to the teacher atte ntively, he_ the an swer to the p roblem now

46、A had liste ned, would have known B liste ned, would knowC liste ned, would have knownD had liste ned, would knowBut for the p arty, he_ of hun ger 30 years agoA would have died B would die C must have died D must die_today, he would get there for holidayA Was he leav ing B Were he to leave C Would

47、he leave D If he leavesI would have e earlier, but I_ that you were wait ing for meA didnt know B hadnt know C would have known D havent knownIts high time that we_ to schoolA would to B went C go D will goIt seems as if it_ rainA will to B is going to C is to D were going toId rather you_right away

48、A leave B left C will leave D to leaveHe is work ing hard for fear that he_A fails B failed C would fail D failIt is really stra nge that the girl_so earlyA has bee n married B has married C be married D would marrySupposing I_ this gift, what would he say?A acce pt B acce pted C should acce pt D wo

49、uld acce ptThe teacher agreed to the suggesti on that the stude nts_two weeks to prepare for the33343536373839A give B should give C be give n D would be give nI was busy yesterday, otherwise I_ your birthday partyA atte nded B had atte nded C would atte nd D would have atte ndedHe in sisted that he

50、_me beforeA see B should see C had see n D sawThe two stra ngers talked as if they_friends for yearsA were B would be C have bee n D had bee nWe_ our lives had it not bee n for the p olicema nA would have lost B should lose C might lose D could have lost-I thought you would e back tomorrow-I would i

51、f I_ to atte nd a meet ingA dont have B didnt haveHe wishes_ mistakesA he doesnt always makeC he didnt always makeIt_very nice if only it were p ossibleA will be B would be C is D wereWithout your help, our team_ the last matchA wont win B will lose C wouldnt have won D cant winI wish I_ what to doA

52、 knew B have known C know D would know_, I would take an umbrella with meA Had I bee n you B I were you C Were I you D I had bee n youIf I had hurried, I_ the trainwill not have D would not haveB he isnt always making D he wouldnt always making4042424365444546474849505152535455565758596061626364A wo

53、uld catch B could catch C would have caught D had caughtHe in sisted that Joh n_itA do B does C did D would doIt is high time we_ offA are B were C be D will beHe felt as if he_more time to study for the testA n eeds B were n eeded C n eeded D n eedIt is imp orta nt that I_ with Mr Williams immediat

54、elyA sp eak B sp oke C will sp eak D to sp eakJames wishes he_ the football game in stead of the filmA saw B see C had bee n see n D had see nI wish_A he left B he leaves me alone C he be left D he would leave me alone If I had known that,I_ soA wouldnt do B wouldnt have done C wonThe doctor suggest

55、ed that she_A will not smoke B not smoke C would not smoke D did not smokeIf I_ you, I wouldnt return the callA be B am C was D wereYou talk as if you_ thereA were really B has really bee n C had really bee n D would really beHe suggested that the work_at onceA would started Bwould be started Cshoul

56、d started D should be startedIt is stra nge that such a thing_ in your schoolA will happen B happens C should happen D happenedIt is imp erative that you_on timeA are B will be C be D would beI didnt go to the party, but I do wish I_thereA was B were C had bee n D wentIt is time we_up our resultsA s

57、um B summed C will sum D would sumIf the doctor had bee n available, the child_A would not dieB would not have diedC could not dieD could not have diedDr Beth une worked hard as if he_A n ever had felt tiredC n ever felt tiredI enjo yed the movie very muchA have read B had readYou are late If you_a

58、few minu tes earlier, youA came/ would meetC e/ will meetI wish my husba ndt do D have not doneB had n ever felt tiredD was tired n everI wish I_ the book from which it was madeC should have read D am read inghimB had e/ would have metD had e/ would met as well as yoursA had dressed B dress C will d

59、ress D dressedEdis on kept p hos phorus carefully in a bottle lest it_A would burn B burned C was burning D should burnHe looked as if he_ill for a long timeA was B were C has bee n D had bee n66848566If the doctor had e earlier, the poor childABCD67would n ot have bee n lied there for two hours wou

60、ldn ot have laid there for two hours would not have liedthere for two hours would not have lain there for twohourswith you last ni ghtI wish that IA went B could go C have gone D could have goneLets say you could go there again, how_feel?A will you B should you C would you D do you69 - Mr Brown left