動(dòng)詞表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

1、動(dòng)詞表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動(dòng)詞可分為四類，分別是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（指某個(gè)具體的靜態(tài) 如:think, love等或動(dòng)態(tài)如:run, walk等）、系動(dòng)詞（常用的是be, feel, get, look, taste等）、助動(dòng)詞（常用的是do, does, did等用來(lái)構(gòu)成否定句及疑問(wèn) 句）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（常用的有can, may, must, shall, should等，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后一定要 跟動(dòng)詞原形）。1）動(dòng)詞的基本形式絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都有五種基本形式:動(dòng)詞原形、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在 分詞、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。A. 第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

2、后要加s或es,其變化規(guī)則與名 詞變復(fù)數(shù)的方法大體相同：1. 般悄況下只在動(dòng)詞后加s,如work-works, writewrites.2. 以 o, s, x, sh, ch 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加 es,如 guess-guesses, mix-mixes,finish-finishes, catch-catches.3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改y為i加es,如study-studies.注:不規(guī)則變化的有have-hasB. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成1. 般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加 ing,如 study-studying, work-working.2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e再加ing,

3、如write-writing,move-moving.3. 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾一個(gè) 輔音字母，再力口 ing,如 get-getting, begin-beginning.4. 以ie結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將ie改為y,再加ing,如lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying.C. 過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成1. 般'惰況直接加 ed,如 ask-asked, work-worked.2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，只加d,如love-loved, dance-danced.3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變?yōu)閕加ed,如try-tried,

4、study-studied.4. 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫末尾一個(gè) 字母，再加ed,如stop-stopped.練習(xí)：I. 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. your fat her a worker ? Yes, he .2. They in the classroom.3. Where my books ?4. These her pears5. How much the T-shirt?6. How much the socks?70m? mother forty last year8. You can in our school music club9. L

5、et's friends10. He and I friends11. Someone in the room12. There some apples on the table yesterday.II.劃出每句中正確的詞1. (Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?2. (Where/What)are your baseball?3. (Do/Does)Mary have a clock?4. (Are/Do)they want to see a movie?5. (Is/Can)she play the violin?6. I (don't/ doe

6、sn't)like hamburgers7. Why does Alice (likes/like)music?8. Who (am/is) your father?9. (What/What's) her favorite subject?10. How much (are/is) her socks?11. I (am, is,was,were) busylast week12. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.13. I (walk, walks,walked, walking)to sch

7、oollastSaturday.14. Rose (doesnot,did not, )visither unclelastmonth15There (is,was,are, were)a lotof peopleoverthereten yearsago. Ill.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去式。如:look - looks - looking- lookeddrinkgostaymaketeachridehavepass carry come watch . plant . fly study . brush . read run write . swim get say t

8、ake . see begin .danceIV用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Let me(help) you find your purse2.Would you like(buy) things for New Year's Day?3.I like(make) kites4.He can(skate) better than ME.5.You must(listen) to your teacher in class6.They enjoy(play) basketbal1.7.She wants(watch) cartoons8. It's time for知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2).

9、 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)us( read) books一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day我每天六點(diǎn) 起床。3表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如:The earth goes around the sun地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。4. 有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))，但 限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞,如:begin, come, leave, go , arrive, start , stop, return, open, close 等。如：The meeting begin

10、s at seven會(huì)議 7 點(diǎn)開始。5. 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。如：If you come this afternoon, we' 11 have a meeting如果你今天下午來(lái), 我們將開會(huì)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：1. be動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+be (am , is, are) +其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2. 行為動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如:We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。 如:Mary l

11、ikes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞:often, usually, sometimes, every day (week, year)等。練習(xí)：I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) the World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Sat

12、urdays?7. your parents (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening10. There (be) some water in the bottle11. Mike (like) cooking12. They (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always (do) yo

13、ur homework wel1.15. I (be) ill. I'm staying in bed16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao (do) not like PE.18. The child often (watch) TV in the evening19. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.20. -What day (be) it today?-It,s SaturdayII.改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）1. Is

14、your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. 5. She don，t do her homework on Sundays. 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3）.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活 動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：be+動(dòng)詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志詞:now, Look! Listen!現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表示將來(lái)如：He

15、is flying to Beijing tomorrow.他明天將乘飛機(jī)去北京。練習(xí)：I.用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:1. The boy ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls ( sing) in the classroom 3. My mother ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look! They ( have) an English lesson 6. They (not , water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girl

16、s (dance ) in the classroom 8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music.9. It's 5 o'clock now. We (have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes , she is 11. 1s ten o'clock My mot her (lie) in bed 12. What he (mend) ?13. We (play) games now.14. What you(do) these days?15. he

17、 (clean) the classroom?16. Who(sing)in the next room?17. The girl(like)wearing a sweater Look! She (wear)a redsweater today. II.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Look! He their mother do the houseworkA. is helpingB. are helpC. is help D is helpping()2 are theboys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .WhoB . How C. What D.

18、Where()3 Don't talk here My mother A. is sleeping B are sleeping C sleeping D sleep()4. Danny Don't call him.A. is writ eing B .is writing C writing D writes()5 一When he back? 一 Sorry, I don't knowA. does, comeB. are , comingC. is , comeD. is , coming()6 The children footbal1.A. is playi

19、ngB. are playingC play theD. play a()7 Listen! She in the classroom.A. is singingB. sing C to sing D is sing()8 It's six in the afternoon. The Greens lunch together.A. hasB. are havingC. have hadD. had had()9. Some Germans (visit) our school.A. is visitingB. are visitingC visit D visiting()10. I

20、 want to know when he for New York tomorrowA. has leftB. is leavingC had leftD. has been leavingA. is visitingB. are visitingC. visit D visiting()15.Some Germans (visit) our school知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4) . 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做 某事。般將來(lái)時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):be going to + do;®will+ do.一般將來(lái)時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：tomorrow, next

21、 week (month, year)，soon, the day after tomorrow, in+一段時(shí)間等。練習(xí):1. 填空。1我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friendsI have a picnic with my friends2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛？我將去打籃球。Whatnext Monday? I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketbal 1.3. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What time youmeet?II.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Today i

22、s a sunny day. We (have) a picnic thisafternoon.2. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week3. Tom often(go) to school on foot.But today is rainy. He (go) to school by bike4. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually (watch)TV and (catch) insects?5. It's Friday today. What she (do) this weekend?

23、She (watch) TV and (catch) insects6. What you (do) next Sunday? I (milk)cows 7. Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.9. I (plan) for my study now知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5) . 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法:間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連 用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1. 過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。e. g. I bought

24、 a new shirt yesterda y.He was a worker two years ago.2. 過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。e. g. When I was a child, I often played with fire Li Lei always walked to school last term3談到已故人的情況時(shí)多用過(guò)去時(shí)。e. g. Lu Xun was a great writer.般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞:yesterday或山其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，yesterday morning 由"last "構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)last year由"時(shí)間段+ago"構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，e. g. three days ago;另外在賓語(yǔ)從句中主句 為過(guò)去時(shí),一般從句也用過(guò)去時(shí).練習(xí)：I.單項(xiàng)選擇。().