考研英語完型填空部分總結-

1、完型填空1.技巧紅花綠葉原則1. 紅花詞匯(必選的單詞 however although yet because2. 綠葉詞匯(必不選的單詞 since(家族都不選 even since ,now that,what.涉及虛擬語氣的詞匯(表示與現實相反或不相符的情況 if only 但愿. 與過去相反, 從句過去完成與現在相反,一般過去時與將來情況相反would/could+v 所以用if only 最少是過去時.一般在文中很少選擇,in case(唯恐,萬一以免,lest,or else.(否則要不然表示關于的詞 as to,with regard to,about,with/ in ref

2、erence to,概率原則1.每篇完形填空中,A,B,C,D作為正確選項的個數在4-6之間。2. A選項出現的次數最多,蒙一水的A。3. 沒有連續(xù)三個答案都一樣的情況。連續(xù)兩個答案都連在一起的答案0-3.相鄰答案都不一樣的概率17-20.4. 五組答案中至少要出現3個字母作為正確選項,每組接縫處沒有連續(xù)兩個答案是一樣的情況。5. 閱讀理解也有此規(guī)律。同義原則1. 四個選項中兩個或三個實詞(名、動、形、副互為同義時,答案往往在其中。2. 四個選項中當兩個或三個虛詞互為同義詞是往往都不選,介詞,連詞,感嘆詞。3. 當四個選項有一個共同的意思時,該意思往往不能被選。邏輯關系題原則:最重要的一個(7

3、個左右,通過前后句的意思及其內在關系來判定答案的題目。(本質上是閱讀。內容:對立>因果>并列>總分>遞進。1.表示對立關系:轉折:however、but、yet、nevertheless讓步:although、though、even though、even if 、much as、as,while、whereas 其它:against、instead of、rather than、admit、ignoring、on the contrary、by constrast。對立關系考點:后句對前句直接否定是,叫轉折。當后句是對前句間接部分否定時,叫讓步。Although和bu

4、t,because和for不能在同一句中同時出現。Although、because從屬連詞。But、for(and并列連詞。從屬連詞既可以放在句首,又可以放在句中,從屬連詞放在句中時前面一般不加逗號。而并列連詞只能放在句中,前面逗號可加可不加。For后面跟的是一個句就是連詞不可以放,如果只是一個名詞時就是介詞短語可以隨意放的.ough做副詞時可以插入狀語。放于中間時前后都要有逗號。while和whereas的區(qū)別。While可引導省略式的狀語從句,whereas不行。While可引導省略式的狀語從句的條件:一.從句主語和主句主語相一致;二.從句是系表結構。滿足這兩個條件后,從句的主語和系東西可

5、省略。例:The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans.48.A but B while C and D whereas The phenomenon is avoiding while:盡管,雖然當.的時候于此同時.判斷對立關系的標準: A.根據句子意思標準. B.根據褒貶色

6、彩。例:He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil."Benefits" have been weighed 40"ha

7、rmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult40.A above B upon C against D withC.根據句式結構,前面肯定后面否定,或者前面否定,后面肯定.例如:not題目兩個句子之間的關系;選項是一些表對立關系的詞。All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been es

8、tablished.40.A provided B since C although Dsupposing38 This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.38. A on the contrary B o

9、n the average C on the whole D on the other handB項一定要有數字才能用,D項一定要有on one hand 48 31題。P54 6題。每年都有一道not題目。注意,邏輯關系題目優(yōu)先做的理由 A.選項都認識 b范圍確定 c.往往不需要通讀全文,只要看前后句子.三板斧:紅花綠葉,邏輯關系,同義原則。2.因果關系表原因的詞:because、in that、now that、since、as、for、as a result of、considering 表結果的詞:so that,such that、as a result 、lead to、conse

10、quently、therefore、hence、thus、soFamilies have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 34 children are likely to have less supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 .34.A contrarily B consequently Csimilar D simultaneousl

11、y 因果關系 A是對比關系。C和d是并列關系用詞,但是文中分號的作用已經說明邏輯關系,不用再用c和d。Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, ar

12、e tentative and are 28 to criticism.26.A considering B ignoring C highlighting D discarding27.A on B in C for D with表對立,c之所以不行是因為和also重復。The homeless make up a growing percentage of Americas population. _1_ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government cant possibly _2_. To help ho

13、meless people _3_ independence, the federal government must support job training programs, _4_ the minimum wage,and fund more low-cost housing.1. A Indeed B Likewise C Therefore D Furthermore Such.that 表因果所以c不可選,重復了.3并列關系.常用詞:and、as well as、likewise、while、similarly、simultaneously、meanwhile.A variety

14、 of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 .37. A off B down C out D aloneLet down失望,沮喪let off 泄漏 let out 淘汰 let alone 更不用說,不用去管。Teachers need to be aware of

15、the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes.21. A thought B idea C opinion D advice句子之間的并列關系。Give idea/opinion+on/about 搭配不對give advice to sb on sth.Many theories concerning the causes of j

16、uvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people focus either on the individual or on societyas the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggestthat children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learne

17、d criminal behavior through 23 with others. Theories focusing onthe role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.(200321.A acting B relying C centering D commenting22.A before B unless C u

18、ntil D because23.A interactions B assimilation C cooperation D consultation24.A return B reply C reference D response25.A or B but rather C but D or else本段總分結構,2,3句話是并列結構。focusing on 以.為焦點,對應21題目的選項. In reference to 關于綠葉詞 in reply to 對.進行答復 in return to作為.的報答. In response to 對.作出反應.failure to 沒能夠,未能

19、夠.4.總分關系:for example、for instance(插入狀語 、such as、including. The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.31.A as to B for instance C in particular D such as prominent cases重大案件the trial of Rosemary West

20、 羅斯瑪麗的小案as to關于.However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion c

21、lubs.28.A in effect B as a result C for example D in a sense 13年來考察的插入狀語. for example、for instance though.5.遞進關系(考的不多:still、also、indeed、furhermore(進一步、moreover (而且,除外highlighting(突出強調A.遞進關系是并列關系的一種。B.still與also的區(qū)別。Still是指意見事情的遞進。Also可以指一件,有可以指兩件事情。C.furthermore僅指同一間事情的遞進,indeed,可以指一件,有可以指兩件事情。最好能做對8

22、-9個。復現原則:某一概念在完型填空中出現兩次或者兩次以上時,它的提法應該是以一樣的,也就是相對應的成分彼此互為答案。The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain findsit _14_ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can _15_ new receptors if necessary. This may _16_ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells

23、 we simply do not need to be. We are not _17_ of the usual smell of our own house but we _18_ new smells when we visit someone elses. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors _19_ for unfamiliar and emergency signals _20_ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.16. Astill

24、Balso Cotherwise Dnevertheless17. Asure Bsick Caware Dtired18. Atolerate Brepel Cneglect Dnotice19. Aavailabe Breliable CidentifiableDsuitable20. Asimilar toBsuch as Calong with Daside from Changes in the social structure may indirectly 29 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy (t

25、hat 30to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 31 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontentmay in 32 lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two

26、working parents; 34, children are likely to have less supervision at home 35was common in the traditional family 36. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other29. A affect B reduce C check D reflect30. A point B lead C come D amount31. A in general

27、 B on average C by contrast D at length32. A case B short C turn D essence33. A survived B noticed C undertaken D experienced34. A contrarily B consequently Csimilar D simultaneously35. A than B that C which D as36. A system B structure C concept D heritage31,that處,名詞后加that,兩種可能性定語從句或者同位語,完整的一句話是同位語

28、,缺成分的是從句。本處缺主語。根據主語和賓語的邏輯關系來選擇,他們的邏輯關系直接決定謂語的選擇。31處.后面是的make/keep/find +賓語+賓語補足語.13年之考過這三個詞引導過賓語和賓補.33前面also表示遞進,是三段引領的總分結構,為了做36題目.36題呼應29前面的表語原則: 如果所考空是標語,那么主語就是線索當標語是名詞時它和主語是對等關系;當標語是形容詞時或相當于形容詞時和主語是修飾關系.第五步: v,n, adj,adv。As was discussed before, it was not22the 19thcentury that the newspaper bec

29、ame the dominant pre-electronic 23, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading26through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pic

30、tures 27the 20th century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 .It is important to do so.23.A means B method C medium D measureThe speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 49 to explain or describe in a 50 that can be understoo

31、d by his listeners. 49.A obscure B difficult C impossible D unable 主語是the speaker .只有d可以修飾人.The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 49 to explain or describe in a 50that can be understood by his listeners.49.A obscure B difficult C impossible D unable2.固定搭配a num

32、ber of 若干 above all 首要,尤其be absorbed in 專心于 by accident 偶然account for 說明 take into account 考慮 add up to 合計，總計 in addition to 除之外 take advantage of 利用 in the air 在流行中，在傳播中 all but 幾乎，差一點 all right 行，可以 in all 總共，共計 顧及，體諒 leavealone 聽其自然，不要去管 along with 與一起 one another 互相 as for 至于，就方面說 as though 好像，仿

33、佛 as well 也，一樣 ask for 請求，要求 on the average 平均，一般來說 back and forth 來回，往返，來來往往地 back up 支持，援助 of 由于，因為 at the best 充其量，至多 get the best of 勝過 for the better 好轉，改善 had better 最好還是，應該 be bound to 必定，一定 break down 損壞，分解，瓦解 break into 闖入 break through 突破 catch ones breath 屏息 in brief 簡而言之 bring down 打倒，挫傷

34、 bring forward 提出 bring to 使恢復知覺 build up 積累，樹立，逐步建立 burn out 燒掉 call for 邀請，要求，需要 call off 放棄，取消 call up 召集，動員 take care 小心，當心 carry off 奪去 carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行，實現 in case 假如，萬一 catch on 理解，明白 on account of 因為，由于 be accustomed to 習慣于 in addition 另外 in advance 提前，預先 ahead of 在前面，先于 after all 終于，畢竟， all o

35、ver 遍及，到處 at all 完全，根本 make allowances for 考慮， in alliance with 與聯(lián)盟 let alone 更不用說 one after another 一個接一個 apart from 除去 as if 好像，仿佛 as to 至于，關于 aside from 除之外 pay attention to 注意 right away 立即，馬上 back off 放，讓步，退卻 on the basis of 根據 because on behalf of 代表，為了 do / try ones best 盡力 make the best of 充

36、分利用 get the better of 打敗，智勝 on board 在船/車飛機上 break away 脫離，逃跑 break in 強行進入，闖入 break out 突發(fā)，爆發(fā) break up 終止，結束，打碎 out of breath 喘不過氣來， bring about 帶來，造成 bring forth 產生，提出 bring out 使出現，公布 bring up 教育，培養(yǎng)，使成長 in bulk 散裝，大批 burn up 燒完，燒盡 call forth 喚起，引起 call on / upon 訪問，拜訪 care for 照顧，關心 take care of 照顧，照料， carry on 繼續(xù)下去，堅持下去 in any case 無論如何，總之 in no case 決不 catch up with 追上，趕上 by chance 偶然，碰巧 take a chance 冒險一試 in charge of 負責，主管 take charge of 擔任，負責 check in 辦理登記手續(xù) check out 結帳后離開 check upon 校對，檢查 cheer up 使高興，使振奮 around / round the clock 一齊，一致，共同 clear away 掃除，收拾 clear up 整理，收拾，清除，澄