復合不定代詞的習慣搭配

1、指示代詞 this, that, these, those的一般用法和特殊用法1 this或 these 一般用來指時間或空間上較近的人或事; that 或 those 則指時間或空間上較遠的人或事。 This is an axe and that is a sickle.I have been working on the term paper these days.That Chinese student came to visit me that day.In those pre-school days, we were care-free and happy.2 有時 that 和 t

2、hose 指前面講到過的事物, this 和 these 則指下面將要講到的事物或眼前的事。如: He was ill. Thats why he didnt come to the meeting.He is not clever but he is very diligent, and that is the most important thing.The students were informed of these words: The President will give you an audience. No one is to be absent.What I want to

3、 emphasis is this: advertising for a bank is not easy.This will do.3 有時為了避免重復提到過的名詞,?？捎?that 或 those 代替。The factorys transistors output of 1999 is double that of 1992.The presentation given by Liu is just as good as that given by Li.4 this 和 that 有時作狀語用,表示程度,意思是 這么 和 那么 。The dictionary is about this

4、 thick.反身代詞用法探析在中學英語中, 有一類代詞比較特殊, 因為在中文中找不到相應的對應詞, 這類代詞就是反 身代詞。反身代詞共有 9個,分別是:myself (我自己 , yourself (你自己 , himself (他自 己 , herself (她自己 , itself (它自己 , ourselves (我們自己 , yourselves (你們自己 , themselves (他們自己和 oneself (他、她、它自己 。在此,筆者歸納總結了反身代詞在句中的作用 與用法,希望能對大家有所幫助。一、作動詞的賓語反身代詞作動詞的賓語,表示動作反射到動作執(zhí)行者本身,一般放在這

5、些動詞的后面, 如:dess, enjoy, help, hurt, shave, teach, wash等等。例如:1. He fell down and hurt himself. 他摔了一跤,跌傷了。2. I teach myself French. 我自學法語。注意:有時小部分動詞從詞義上說總是動作及于主語自身, 或者說, 這類動作是 “慣行的常規(guī)” 。 那么,作賓語的反身代詞可以省略,如在 dress , shave , wash 等動詞之后。例如:3. He shaves(himself every moming. 他每天早上刮臉。4. The girl often dresses

6、(herself in red. 這個小女孩總是穿著紅衣服。如果不考慮“動作的常規(guī)性質” ,就不能省去反身代詞。例如:5. The small boy is learning to dress himself.這小男孩此時正在學自己穿衣。有時動詞后用人稱代詞賓格作賓語與用反身代詞作賓語時, 兩者含義是有區(qū)別的。 試對 比:6. They want to build them a house. 他們要為那些人蓋一座房子。7. They want to build themselves a house. 他們要為自己蓋一所房在一些固定的說法中,反身代詞的意義有其特殊性。例如:behave ones

7、elf, 規(guī)矩點。 8. She told the boy to behave himself. 她讓這男孩子規(guī)矩點。enjoy oneself(=have a good time玩得高興9. Tom enjoyed himself at the party. 湯姆在聚會上玩得很高興。explain oneself為自己辯解10. Late, Tom? I hope you can explain yourself. 遲到了,湯姆 ? 希望你解釋一下。二、作介詞的賓語反身代詞作介詞的賓語,表示與主語相同的事物。例如:11. She was talking to herself. 她在自言自語。

8、12. Take good care of yourself. 好好保重你自己。注意:在表示處所的介詞短語后, 當介詞賓語和主語人稱一致時, 常用人稱代詞代替反身代詞。 例如:13. She looked about her. 她環(huán)顧四周。14. We placed our papers in front of us. 我們把文件放在面前。以上兩句之所以用可以這樣代替, 是因為人稱指代明確, 不會有歧義。 但是也并非絕對。 同時,也存在用反身代詞作賓語的情況。例如:15. He has built a wall of English books around him(self . 他身邊堆滿了

9、英語書。 16. Tom stepped back, gently closed the door behind him(self .湯姆退后幾步,輕輕地 隨手關上了門。在表示主語內心的情緒的介詞短語后, 介詞的賓語可用反身代詞, 也可用人稱代詞。 例 如:17. As for me/myself, I never want to talk about it. 至于我 (自己 ,再也不想談它了。 18. For someone like me/myself , one good meal a day is quite enough.對于像我 (自己 這樣的人,一天足吃一頓好飯就夠了。反身代詞作

10、介詞的賓語也常用于一些慣用語組中。例如:by oneself獨自地、自動地19. This is a machine that works by itself. 這是一部自動化的機器。of oneself啟動地、自然而然地20. The disease will not die of himself. 疾病不會自然消亡。for oneself為自己、親自地21. She felt sorry for herself. 她為自己感到難過。in oneself本性、本身22. It is not a bad idea in itself. 這主意本身不錯。to oneself獨占、獨有23. Ho

11、w I wish to have a house to myself!多么希望能獨有自己的房子呀 !beside oneself精神失常、發(fā)狂24. He was beside himself with joy. 他欣喜若狂。above oneself自高自大25. He s bit above himself now. 他現在有點自視過高。三、作主語的同位語反身代詞作主語的同位語時常放在主語后或句末, 用來加強語氣, 表示“親自、 本人” 。 例如:26. We ourselves can solve this problem. 我們自己就能解決這個問題。27. Lily herself i

12、s a typist. 莉莉本人就是一個打字員。四、作賓語的同位語反身代詞作賓語的同位語時只放在賓語之后, 也是用來加強語氣, 表示“親自、 本人” 。 例如:28. He went to see the artist himself. 他去看望了那位畫家本人。29. You can go and ask him himself. 你可以去問他本人。五、作表語反身伐詞作表語,常用在習語中,比如在 be , feel , seen 等系動詞之后。例如:30. I m not quite myself today. 我今天情緒不好。31. You don t seem yourself today

13、. 你今天看上去似乎不大舒服。六、反身代詞作主語反身代詞作主語比較少見, 可代替人稱代詞, 這類用法中的反身代詞常含有強調的意味, 一般反身代詞常被用作并列主語的第二部分,前有 and , or,nor 等連接,例如:32. Mary and myself went shopping yesterday. 昨天我和瑪麗在一起逛街。33. Both my sister and myself asked to go to work in the countryside.我和我妹妹都要求去 農村工作。復合不定代詞的習慣搭配不定代詞 something, anything 及 nothing 特殊用法

14、歸納一 . something1. something 不簡單的事 , 可觀的成績 , 有些地位的人At least we didnt lose any money. Thats something.Its something to have got $500 from them.She thinks shes something since she won the beauty contest.2. 用于成語或詞組 :have something on 拿著某人的把柄Although Miss Brown is not a good worker, her boss not fire her

15、 because she has something on him.make something of1 小題大做 , 瞎猜測When girls see another girl with a boy, they often try to make something of it. 2 藉 吵架 /生氣Ann didnt like what Mary said about her. She tried to make something of what Mary said.3 看懂意思I apologize for the untidiness of my letter , but I ho

16、pe you can make something of it .make something of oneself/ ones life 取得成功 , 有出息Hes a clever boy-I hope hell make something of himself.or something 之類的人(東西、情況等Mr Green is a shopkeeper or something.I hear he has broken an arm or something.see something of someone 有時見到某人I hope wellsomething for nothin

17、g 不冒風險(不下功夫就有收獲Some people will never learn that you cant get something for nothing. something like1 大約,約摸It cost something like ten pounds.2 有點像The building looked something like a church.something like that/ this大致如此I see them once every two months, or something like that.Ill whistle the tune for

18、you; it goes something like this.something of 有點 ,可說是一個,在某種程度上是Hes something of a liar, dont you think?The soldier found himself something of a hero when he returned to his village. something tells me我想/感到,我有理由相信Something tells me my watch isnt quite right.Something tells me shes lying.something to/

19、 in (話里有些道理There is something to / in what you say: Ill take your advice.have/ be something to do with 和 有關 /聯系I think Guy Fawkes is/ has something to do with a plan to blow up Parliament. 二、 anything用于成語:be anything but 根本不是,一點也不I dont mean hes lazy-anything but!/ 他一點也禮貌。be (asas anything 口語 不得了Its

20、 (as easy as anything.if anything 如果有什么不同的話If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.like anything 拼命地The thief ran like anything when he saw the policeman.or anything 或是其他別的事If Bernard wants to call me or anything, Ill be here all day.三、 nothing用于成語:be nothing to1 不引起 的興趣,對 無所謂 相當于 mean not

21、hing toThe news is/ means nothing to him. 他對這消息不感興趣 /無所謂。 2無法和 相比My losses are nothing to e to nothing失敗,沒有結果All his schemes came to nothing.for nothing1 免費,不花代價,沒花錢They will repair the building for the old man for nothing. I got this bicycle for nothing: a friend gave it to me.2 白白地,白費We h

22、ave taken all this trouble for nothing.3 無緣無故地They quarreled for nothing.go for nothing 白費,All our work has gone for nothing.What the teacher said went for nothing because the pupils did not pay attention. have nothing on 不比 強Even though she is older, Jane has nothing on Peter in school.have nothing

23、 to do 和 沒關系This has nothing to do with you.make nothing of1 不在意,覺得 沒什么He makes /thinks nothing of walking 15 miles.2 一點不懂I could make nothing of what he said.mean nothing to1 對 沒有意義These technical words mean nothing to me.2 不引起興趣,對 無所謂 相當于 be nothing toHe used to like Jane but she means/ is nothing

24、 to him now.nothing but 只有,只不過Dont have him for a friend: hes nothing but a criminal.nothing doing 不行“Will you lend me 10 dollars?” “Nothing doing”nothing for it 沒有別的辦法with the bridge destroyed, there was nothing for it but to swim.nothing if not 非常 , 極其The young doctor is nothing if not wise.nothin

25、g like1 沒有什么能趕得上Theres nothing like a holiday to make one feel rested.2 絕不會,沒有(那么多,那么好His new book is nothing like as good as his earlier books.nothing much 不多,沒什么“Anything interesting happening?” “No, nothing much.”nothing of the kind 哪里,沒有的事,不行“Im sorry to cause you trouble.” “My dear friend, its

26、nothing of the kind.” “Im going out.” “Youll do nothing of the kind! You must stay at home.” nothing succeeds like success 一事成功什么都順利The girls all like Bob because he is football captain. Nothing succeeds like success.nothing to do with 和 沒關系 .That idea has/ is nothing to do with me.think nothing of

27、覺得 不怎么樣,不在乎,覺得沒什么He thought nothing of the poem.Think nothing of it. 不用謝,沒關系“You didnt mind my using your typewriter?” “Of course not! Think nothing of it!”to say nothing of 還不說,除了It is a well-paid job,to say nothing ofthe short hours.He had his wife and seven children with him in the car, to say nothing of two dogs, a cat and a parrot.副詞 nowhere 的特殊用法用于成語:1 get/ lead nowhere 沒有結果He knew they were getting nowhere.That kind of talk will get/ lead you nowhere.2 go nowhere 不起什么作用In a cost