高中英語非謂語動(dòng)詞模式與解題策略

1、高中英語非謂語動(dòng)詞模式與解題策略【模式1】 名詞 + 不定式（介詞）(作定語)【策略】1、把握不定式動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，要不要介詞；2、把握不定式的邏輯主語，確定主、被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3、理論指導(dǎo)：當(dāng)句子的主語為不定式的邏輯主語時(shí)用主動(dòng)形式。I want something to eat. (I eat.) I want a room to live in.(I live in the room.)Tomorrow I will go to Beijing, do you have anything to be taken?【模式2】不定式的省略（to）【策略】1、無論肯定或否定，保留到to；2、如果不定式為

2、被動(dòng)式或完成式，則保留到be/have. -Would you like to go with me? -Id like to, but I have an important meeting to attend. Tommy liked to play football in the street, but his mother always told him not to. -I didnt tell her the bad news. Oh, you ought to have.【模式3】只帶to【策略】1、部分動(dòng)詞的記憶（從不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞開始，動(dòng)詞略）；2、序數(shù)詞 + 不定式 He pr

3、etended not to see me when I said hi to him in the street. Lao Wang is a hard-working man. He is always the first to come and the last to leave.【模式4】帶不帶to【策略】1、從不帶to入手，注意例外； 2、理論指導(dǎo)：使役動(dòng)詞(let, make, have等后省to;get后帶to);感官動(dòng)詞(see, watch, notice, listen, hear, feel等后省to);but (to) do/except (to) do（謂語部分含實(shí)意

4、動(dòng)詞的do則省to;無則帶to。）;why (not) do(wh-詞后接不定式的特例)。說明：參考答案為斜體，下同。 Sometimes our teachers _ us to do much homework.(let/make/have/get) Today morning, I had nothing to do but (except)_(to sleep/sleep) all morning. In winter, some animals have no choice but (except) _ (to hibernate/hibernate). Why not join u

5、s in the discussion? I often hear him sing this song.(He was often heard to sing this song.)【模式5】表示動(dòng)作的目的（to）【策略】經(jīng)過判斷如表示動(dòng)作目的，首先考慮使用不定式。 We climbed to the top of tower _ a better view of the area.(getting/got/having got/to get)-Why was a special meeting was called? - _. (To elect/Electing/Our electing

6、/Elected)_ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.(To save/Saved/Saving/Having saved) 【模式6】只帶doing【策略】1、部分動(dòng)詞的記憶（從不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞開始，動(dòng)詞略）；2、句型結(jié)構(gòu)；3、比較使用不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)（同時(shí)關(guān)注不定式邏輯主語的引入結(jié)構(gòu)）。 It is/was (no) + n. (use/good) + doing.（名詞后接doing） It is/was not any

7、 + n. (use/good) + doing.（名詞后接doing）     It is no use arguing with him.     It is no use regretting the spoiled milk.It is/was + adj. + to do sth(形容詞后接to do)It is/was + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.( 不定式邏輯主語的引入結(jié)構(gòu))【模式7】動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（關(guān)注否定式）【策略】1、動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的全面掌握（原式和略式句子

8、成分）； 2、理論指導(dǎo)：動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由“邏輯主語 + 動(dòng)名詞”構(gòu)成。當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，用原式即“名詞所有格或形容詞物主代詞 + 動(dòng)名詞”；作賓語或表語時(shí)用略式即“名詞普通格或賓格代詞 + 動(dòng)名詞”。動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式中的not在邏輯主語之后。     _ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.(Tom will attend/Tom to attend/Tom attended/Toms attending)      Dav

9、id apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan.(his not being able/his being not able/him not to be able/him to be not able)     Is there any possibility of the film _ in Paris International Festival?(trying out/tried out/to try out/being tried out)【模式8】后接不定式與動(dòng)名詞之別【策略

10、】1、基本理論；2、特別句型（參見模式6）；3、理論指導(dǎo)：雙接，無含義差別；雙接，含義差別不大（長(zhǎng)短期習(xí)慣）；雙接，含義不同（記憶特別的動(dòng)詞）；特別的動(dòng)詞有：stop doing sth / stop to do sth （停止做某事 / 停下來去做某事）remember doing sth / remember to do sth （記得做過某事 / 記住要去做某事）mean doing sth / mean to do sth （意味某事 / 打算做某事）forget doing sth / forget to do sth （忘記做過某事 / 忘記去做某事）try doing sth /

11、 try to do sth （試著做某事 / 盡力去做某事）need doing sth / need to do sth （某事需要被做 / 需要去做某事）cant help doing sth / cant help to do sth （情不自禁做某事 / 不能幫忙做某事）【模式9】主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)【策略】1、基本理論和基本句型。 2、理論指導(dǎo)：英語中有些動(dòng)詞形式上是主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但意義是被動(dòng)的。如：wash, open, write, sell, let, blame等。       This kind of cloth washes

12、 easily.       The door opens easily.       The pen writes well.       The novel sells well.     be worth doing中的doing主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)(比較be worthy of 結(jié)構(gòu))。       These boo

13、ks are worth reading.(只接動(dòng)名詞)       These books are worthy of being read/to be read.（既接動(dòng)名詞又接不定式）英語中有些動(dòng)詞，如want, need, require等后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，但接不定式時(shí)卻用被動(dòng)形式。 The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. This plan requires discussing/to be discussed.     形容詞后接的不

14、定式作狀語時(shí)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。     The articles written by Luxun are hard to read.     He is hard to get along with.【模式10】獨(dú)立分詞（結(jié)構(gòu)）/獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)【策略】1、從分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)著手，注意主動(dòng)（現(xiàn)在分詞）和被動(dòng)（過去分詞），2、幾點(diǎn)例外（例）。3、理論指導(dǎo)：當(dāng)句子的主語與獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞不形成邏輯上的主謂（主動(dòng)）或動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系時(shí)，根據(jù)全句的含義加上自己的邏輯主語，此時(shí)形成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；部分非謂語動(dòng)詞詞組需單獨(dú)使用，此時(shí)形成獨(dú)立

15、分詞（結(jié)構(gòu)）。 _ a fine say, we decided to go out for a picnic. (Having/Being/What/It being)     The soldier rushed into the cave, his right hand _ a gun and his face _ with sweat. (held, covered/holding, covering/holding, covered/held, covering)     Time _ (permitti

16、ng/permitted), they will start to do a new job.     To tell (you) the truth/believe it or not/lost in thought/suppose     Considering/Judging/Generally speaking/supposing【模式11】連詞 + 分詞（-ed）【策略】1、定語從句和狀語從句與分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，狀語從句中的連詞可保留； 2、分詞多為-ed分詞，如動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞類則用-ing分詞。&#

17、160;    When _ why he was late for the concert, the man made no answer. (asking/to ask/ask/asked)      The 18-storeyed building, when _, will shut out the sun lighting the rooms. (completing/complete/completed/to complete)     It shames me to sa

18、y it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by the boss.(questioned/questioning/having questioned/to be questioned)     If _ ill, Ill stay at home _ a good rest.(falling, taking/to fall, taking/fall, to taking/falling, take)【模式12】ed 分詞（be + -ed + prep.）【策略】1.基本詞組的記憶與略化（省略be后的結(jié)構(gòu)）

19、;2.標(biāo)志詞by/as _ at failing in the exam, John felt unhappy.(Disappointed/To be disappointed/Disappointing/Having disappointed ) _ in a poor family, his parents couldnt afford to pay his schooling. (Born/Being born/Bearing/Having been born)_ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided not to g

20、o home. (Attracting/Attracted/To be attracted/Having attracted)Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M. (knowing/known/being known /to be known)【模式13】-ed. 與 ing.【策略】1、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)；2、人（-ed）與物(-ing)。 We all felt _ (exciting/excited) at the _ news. (exciting/excited) The baby

21、was _ (terrifying/terrified) by the _ (terrifying/terrified) characters in the movie. The _ (puzzling/puzzled) expression on her face suggested that she was _ (puzzling/puzzled) by the problem, as/which was _ (puzzling/puzzled), after all, she was a top student in the class.【模式14】伴隨狀況（-ed / adj.）【策略

22、】句子結(jié)構(gòu)與省略。 He went to bed _. (drink/drank/drinking/drunk) =He went to bed and he was _. (drink/drank/drinking/drunk) He came home at last, tired and hungry.【模式15】找主句（主語多為人或非謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者）【策略】句子結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)與分析（給出部分不為句子或是從句即有連詞出現(xiàn)）。 To be well fit for the job, _.A.      a good knowledge o

23、f physics is needed.B.      one needs to have a good knowledge of physics.C.      it is required to have a good knowledge of physics.D.     a good knowledge of physics is important. With nothing left to burn, _(the fire became wea

24、k and finally died out.) Tired of the noise, _.(he shut the door/the door had been shut/he had shut the door/the door was shut)     _ again and again but he didnt tell me the truth.(He was asked/Having been asked/Having asked him/Though he was asked)【模式16】拆分句型結(jié)構(gòu)或詞組【策略】1、什么是拆分，怎樣拆

25、分；2、拆分后的句式結(jié)構(gòu)走向（定語從句或過去分詞）。    What is the way Smith thought of _ enough money to buy the new house?(getting/having got/being got/to get)     Great efforts should be made _ up higher education to meet the needs of industry and agriculture.(speeding/to speed/speed/and spe

26、ed)    Mr Green was disappointed to see the washing machine he had had _ went wrong again. (repaired/to repair/repairing/it to be repaired)    Whom do you think the teacher _ the composition?(had written/had write/had to write/had wrote)【模式17】區(qū)分及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞（模式1/10）【策略】1、動(dòng)

27、詞識(shí)記的重要性；區(qū)分及物和不及物動(dòng)詞；2、系動(dòng)詞居多。 _ good, the food was sold out soon.(Tasting/Tasted/Being tasted/Having been tasted)The picture _ on the wall is painted by my brother. (hanging/having hung/being hung/hangs)     The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of na

28、ture.(to smell/smelling/smelt/to be smelt)【模式18】“據(jù)說”句型（said/believed/reported）(簡(jiǎn)單句居多)【策略】1、掌握復(fù)合句(that引導(dǎo))和簡(jiǎn)單句(to引導(dǎo))的基本結(jié)構(gòu)； 2、理論指導(dǎo)：復(fù)合句It be + said/believed/reported+ that-從句；簡(jiǎn)單句變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ浇Y(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)主從句時(shí)間一致時(shí)不定式用一般式，不一致時(shí)用完成式。     Zhang Hong is said _ by heart 2000 words up to now.(that she has le

29、arned/to have learned/to learn/having learned)     Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country he studied in?(to have studied/to study/to be studying/to have been studying)     The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside

30、the human nose and throat.(causing/being caused/to be caused/be have caused)非謂語動(dòng)詞練習(xí)50題 (含解析)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _.A. to repair bicyclesB. bicycles to be repairedC. bicycles being repairedD. repairing bicycles2. - Have you considered _ your

31、 job as a teacher? - Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _ a gardener.A. to change; to be     B. to change; beingC. changing; being      D. changing; to be3. The dog, _, will be made a good watchdog.A. to train properly  &#

32、160; B. being trained properlyC. properly to train    D. trained properly4. _ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A. Having stolen    B. Having been stolen  C. Stolen      D. Stealing5. _ the front door _, he had to enter the

33、 room through the back door.A. Seen; painted B. Seeing; paintedC. Being seen; being painted D. Seeing; being painted6. And there, almost _ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.A. having lost    B. losing     C. to be lost

34、     D. lost 7. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put   B. to be putting   C. to put   D. putting8. To answer correctly is more important than _.A. that you finish quickly     B. finish

35、ing quicklyC. to finish quickly        D. finish quickly9. The old farmer, _ the badly injured and burnt soldier, came out of the burning farmhouse, calling continuously for help.A. supporting      B. having supportedC. being supported by&#

36、160;     D. being supported10. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _ a new milestone in the history of mankind.A. it marked B. marking C. marked D. to mark11. It was getting dark; I found a car _ in a pool by the side of

37、the road.A. to be stuck     B. stuck     C. sticking     D. stick12. You cant imagine what great trouble they have _ the problem _.A. to solve; being talked about      B. solving; discussingC. to solve; to talk abou

38、t           D. solving; being discussed13. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _ the river.A. to have discovered B. to have been discoveredC. to discover        D. having been discovered

39、14. The thief fell to the ground, his left foot _ and blood _ down from his mouth.A. breaking; running     B. broken; runningC. breaking; run         D. broken; run15. The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes _ on the s

40、creen.A. to fix B. to be fixed C. fixed D. fixing16. As I will be away for at least a year, Id appreciate _ from you now and then so that I can know how everyone is getting along. A. having heard B. to hear C. hearing D. being heard17. _, the subject was always in my mind.A. Walking or sleeping 

41、;      B. Walking or sleptC. Having walked or slept    D. To walk and sleep18. - Did you get a dictionary?- No, I _, but there were not any _.A. tried; to be left     B. had tried to; leavingC. tried to; left     &#

42、160;  D. had tried; have left19. When he came to, he found himself _ on a chair, with his hands _ back.A. to sit; tying     B. sitting; tyingC. seating; tied     D. seated; tied20. The joke told by Tom made us _, so the teacher couldnt make himself _.A. t

43、o laugh; hearing      B. laughing; heardC. laughing; hear         D. laughed; heard21. All of the flowers now _ here have developed from those once _ in the forest.A. raised; grown      B. rising; growingC. rai

44、sed; growing    D. rising; grown 22. Henry cant attend the party _ at Toms house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party _ at Maries house tomorrow.A. held; being held    B. to be held; to be heldC. to be held; held    D. being held; to

45、 be held23. Seeing the soldiers well _ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.A. prepare   B. preparing    C. prepared     D. having prepared24. Dont worry. Ill have it _ and get someone _ it to you tomorrow.A. typed; send  &#

46、160; B. to type; to sendC. type; send     D. typed; to send25. The sun was shining brightly, _ everything there _ more beautiful.A. making; lookB. to make; lookedC. and made; lookingD. and making; be looked26. How could he get the plan _ without any one to support him?A. to carry

47、 out   B. carry outC. carrying out   D. carried out27. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _.A. being fully accepting    B. fully acceptingC. having fully acceptedD. fully accepted28. Having passed all the tests, she felt a great weight _ off her mind

48、.A. taking    B. taken    C. take     D. to be taken29. Im examining the article he has just finished _ the possible mistakes in it.A. being corrected    B. to correctC. corrected          D

49、. having corrected30. _ full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.A. We did not make     B. Having not madeC. We had not made     D. Not having made31. We should prevent such a silly mistake _ again.A. occurring    

50、;     B. to occur C. to be occurred    D. from being occurred32. I regret _ hard at school, or I would have succeeded in passing the exam.A. not to work B. having not workedC. to have not worked D. not having worked33. They looked forward with hope _ a chance to re

51、ceive further education.A. for getting B. of getting C. to get D. to getting34. “Well, Ill tell you a secret .” said the boy, with his mouth almost _ my ear.A. touched B. touching C. touch D. to touch35. Towards evening, the patient opened his mouth as if _ something to his son.A. said  &#

52、160; B. say    C. to say    D. to have said36. - Would you be _ lend me your bicycle?- Sure.A. so kind as to B. kind enough as toC. very kind to D. so kind to 37. The beach is so beautiful that it is worthwhile, I think, _ for a short holiday.A. of going  

53、0;    B. to be goingC. your going     D. you to go38. The teacher asked more _ to prevent the students eyes from being injured.A. to do     B. done C. to be done     D. being done39. Some of the schools in Shanghai have moved

54、 one step closer to _ with the global education community.A. being connected     B. connectC. having connected    D. be connected40. The performance of the host, _ to please the audience and draw their attention, was greeted with a cold silence, however.A. had inte

55、nded       B. intendedC. being intended     D. to intend 41. _ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _ the beautiful scenery.A. Tiring; to admire     B. Being tired; admiringC. Tired; to admire 

56、60;    D. Tired; admiring42. The 18-storeyed building, when _, will shut out the sun _ up the rooms in my house.A. completed; lighted B. completing; lightingC. completing; lightedD. completed; lighting43. - I hear Warren _ in a middle school.- What? I cant imagine him _ as a teacher.A

57、. teaches; working      B. teaches; workC. teach; to work        D. teach; working44. _ hes only been learning English for a year, he speaks it very well.A. Considered            B. Con

58、sideringC. Having considered     D. To consider45. It was _ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.A. to have played      B. playingC. played          

59、60;   D. having played46. At no time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, for she is always too busy _ a good rest.A. to take     B. taking     C. took     D. taken. 47. _ as the most excellent student in her university,

60、 as most classmates had expected, made her parents very happy. A. Mary was chosenB. Mary chosenC. Mary being chosenD. Marys being chosen48. _ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _ to death.A. Seeing; frightened    B. Seeing; frighteningC. Seen; frighten  

61、0;     D. To see; frightening49. You will see this product made in this factory _ wherever you go.     A. to be advertised      B. advertised    C. advertise           &#

62、160; D. advertising50. Mr. Green is said _ an experiment to prove the new method of solvingthe problem when young.A. to do            B. to have done C. to be doing      D. to have been doing答案及部分解析：1-5 CDDAD 6-10 DDCAB 11-15 BDABC 16-20 CACDB 21-25 CDCDA26-30 DDBBD 31-35 ADDBC 36-40 ACCAB 41-45 CDABB 46-50 ADABB1. 用-ing形式一般式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)作賓語補(bǔ)足語，強(qiáng)調(diào)自行車被修理的過程。2. consider 作“考慮”解時(shí)，后常接-ing形式（短語）作賓語；作“認(rèn)