固體力學(xué)常用詞匯

1、1彈性力學(xué)elasticity彈性理論theory of elasticity均勻應(yīng)力狀態(tài)homogeneous state of stress應(yīng)力不變量stressin varia nt應(yīng)變不變量strainin varia nt應(yīng)變橢球strain ellipsoid均勻應(yīng)變狀態(tài)homogeneous state ofstrain應(yīng)變協(xié)調(diào)方程equati on of stra in compatibility拉梅常量Lame constants各向同性彈性 isotropic elasticity旋轉(zhuǎn)圓盤rotat ingcirculardisk楔 wedge開(kāi)爾文問(wèn)題 Kelvinpro

2、blem布西內(nèi)斯克問(wèn)題Bouss in esqproblem艾里應(yīng)力函數(shù)Airy stress fun ction克羅索夫-穆斯赫利什維利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili基爾霍夫假設(shè)Kirchhoff hypothesis板 Plate矩形板Recta ngularplate圓板Circularplate環(huán)板Annu lar plate波紋板Corrugated plate加勁板Stiffe nedplate,re in forcedPlate中厚板Plate of moderatethick ness彎曲 應(yīng)力函數(shù) Stress fun ctio nofbending殼 Sh

3、ell扁殼Shallow shell旋轉(zhuǎn)殼Revoluti onaryshell球殼Sphericalshell圓柱殼 Cylindricalshell錐殼Coni calshell環(huán)殼Toroidalshell圭封閉殼Closed shell波紋殼Corrugated shell扭轉(zhuǎn) 應(yīng)力函數(shù) Stress fun ctio noftorsio n翹曲函數(shù)Warpi ng fun ctio n半逆解法semi-i nverse method瑞利-里茨法 Rayleigh-Ritz methodmethod2松弛法Relaxatio nmethod萊維法 Levy method 松弛 Rela

4、xati on量纟岡分析 Dime nsional an alysis 自相似性self-similarity影響面 In flue nee surface 接觸應(yīng)力Con tactstress赫茲理論Hertztheory協(xié)調(diào)接觸Con formi ngcon tact滑動(dòng)接觸Slidi ngcon tact滾動(dòng)接觸Rolli ngcon tact壓入Inden tati on各向異性彈性 An isotropic elasticity 顆粒材料Granu larmaterial散體力學(xué)Mecha nics of gra nu lar media熱彈性 Thermoelasticity 超彈

5、性 Hyperelasticity 粘彈性Viscoelasticity 對(duì)應(yīng)原理Corresp ondence prin ciple褶皺Wrin kle塑性全量理論Total theory of plasticity滑動(dòng) Slidi ng 微滑 Microslip粗糙度 Rough ness 非線性彈性 No nlin earelasticity大撓度 Largedeflect ion突彈跳變sn ap-through有限變形 Fin ite deformati on 格林應(yīng)變Gree nstrain阿爾曼西應(yīng)變Alma nsistrain彈性動(dòng)力學(xué) Dyn amic elasticity

6、運(yùn)動(dòng)方程 Equati on of moti on準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)的Quasi-static氣動(dòng)彈性Aeroelasticity水彈性 Hydroelasticity 顫振 Flutter 彈性波 Elastic wave簡(jiǎn)單波 Simple wave柱面波Cyli ndricalwave水平剪切波Horiz on talshear wave豎直剪切波 Verticalshearwave體波 body wave無(wú)旋波 Irrotati onalwave畸變波Distortio nwave膨脹波Dilatationwave瑞利波 Rayleigh wave 等容波 Equivolu minal wave

7、勒夫波Love wave界面波 In terfacial wave3邊緣效應(yīng)edge effect塑性力學(xué)Plasticity可成形性Formability金屬成形Metal forming耐撞性 Crashworthi ness 結(jié)構(gòu)抗撞毀性Structuralcrashworthi ness拉拔Drawi ng破壞機(jī)構(gòu)Collapse mecha nism回彈Sprin gback擠壓Extrusi on沖壓Stampi ng穿透Perforatio n層裂Spalli ng塑性理論Theory of plasticity安定 性理論Shake-down theory運(yùn)動(dòng)安定定理kin e

8、maticshake-dow ntheorem靜力安定定理Static shake-dow n theorem率相關(guān)理論ratedepe ndenttheorem載荷因子load factor力口載準(zhǔn)貝 ULoadi ng criteri on加載函數(shù)Loadi ngfun ctio n力口載面 Load ingsurface塑性加載Plasticloadi ng塑性加載波Plasticloadi ngwave簡(jiǎn)單加載Simpleloadi ng比例加載Proportio nalloadi ng4卸載 Un loadi ng 卸載波Uni oad ingwave沖擊載荷Impulsive lo

9、ad階躍載荷step load脈沖載荷pulseload極限載荷limitload中性變載nentral loadi ng拉抻失穩(wěn)in stabilityin tension力口速度波 accelerati onwave本構(gòu)方程con stitutiveequati on完全解 complete soluti on 名義應(yīng)力nominal stress過(guò)應(yīng)力 over-stress 真應(yīng)力 true stress 等效應(yīng)力 equivale nt stress流動(dòng)應(yīng)力flow stress應(yīng)力間斷stressdisc on ti nuity應(yīng)力空間stressspace主應(yīng)力空間 prin c

10、ipal stress space 靜水應(yīng)力狀態(tài)hydrostatic state of stress對(duì)數(shù)應(yīng)變logarithmic strain工程應(yīng)變engin eeri ng stra in等效應(yīng)變equivale ntstrain應(yīng)變局部化stra inlocalizati on應(yīng)變率 strain rate 應(yīng)變率敏感性strain rate sen sitivity應(yīng)變空間strainspace有限應(yīng)變fin itestrain塑性應(yīng)變?cè)隽縫lastic strainin creme nt累積塑性應(yīng)變accumulated plastic strain永久變形perma nentd

11、eformati on內(nèi)變量 internal variable 應(yīng)變軟化strain-softe ning理想剛塑性材料rigid-perfectlyplastic Material剛塑性材料rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料perfectl plastic material材料穩(wěn)定性stability of material5各向同性強(qiáng)化isotropic harde ning應(yīng)變偏張量deviatoricten sorofstrain應(yīng)力偏張量deviatoriten sorofstress應(yīng)變球張量sphericalten sorofstrain應(yīng)力球張量sphe

12、ricalten sorofstress路徑相關(guān)性path-depe ndency線性強(qiáng)化應(yīng)變強(qiáng)化lin earstra in-hardening沙堆比擬sand heap an alogy屈服 Yield屈服條件yieldcon diti on屈服準(zhǔn)則yieldcriterio n屈服函數(shù)yieldfun ctio n屈服面yieldsurface塑性勢(shì)plasticpote ntialof cross-secti on截面形狀因子shape factorstra in-harde ning隨動(dòng)強(qiáng)化kin ematicharde ning強(qiáng)化模量strain-harde ningmodulu

13、s幕強(qiáng)化 power harde ning塑性極限彎矩plastic limitbending Mome nt塑性極限扭矩彈塑性彎曲plastic limittorque彈塑性交界面 elastic-plasticbendingelastic-plasticin terfaceelastic-plastic粘塑性 Viscoplasticity 非彈性In elasticity理想彈塑性材料彈塑性扭轉(zhuǎn)torsio nplastic Material極限分析limitan alysis極限設(shè)計(jì)limitdesig n極限面limitsurface上限定理upperbou nd theorem上屈

14、服點(diǎn)upperyieldpoi nt下限定理lowerbou nd theorem下屈服點(diǎn)loweryieldpoi nt界限定理boundtheoremyield surfacesubseque nt yield屈服面的外凸性convexitysurfaceof yield surfaceelastic-perfectly初始屈服面initial后繼屈服面6能量吸收裝置energy absorb ing device能量耗散率energyabsorb ingdevice塑性動(dòng)力學(xué)dyn amic plasticity塑性動(dòng)力屈曲dyn amic plasticbuckli ng塑性動(dòng)力響應(yīng)d

15、yn amic plasticresponse塑性波 plastic wave 運(yùn)動(dòng)容許場(chǎng) kin ematically admissible Field靜力容許場(chǎng)statically admissible Field流動(dòng)法則flow rule速度間斷velocitydisc on ti nuity滑移線slip-li nes滑移線場(chǎng)slip-li nes field移行塑性鉸travelli ngplastic hinge塑性增量理論 in creme ntal theory of Plasticity 米澤斯屈服準(zhǔn)則Mises yield criterio n普朗特-羅伊斯關(guān)系prandt

16、l-Reuss relation特雷斯卡屈服準(zhǔn)則Tresca yield criterio n洛德應(yīng)力參數(shù) Lode stress parameter 萊維-米澤斯關(guān)系Levy-Mises relation亨基應(yīng)力方程Hencky stress equati on赫艾-韋斯特加德應(yīng)力空間Haigh-Westergaard stress洛德應(yīng)變參數(shù)Lode stra inparameter德魯克公設(shè)Drucker postulate蓋林格速度方程Geiri nger velocity Equation結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)structuralmecha nics結(jié)構(gòu)分析structuralan alysis結(jié)

17、構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué) structuraldyn amics拱 Arch三鉸拱three-h in gedarch拋物線拱parabolic arch圓拱 circular arch 穹頂 Dome空間結(jié)構(gòu)spacestructure空間桁架spacetruss雪載荷 snowload風(fēng)載荷 wi ndload土壓力earthpressure地震載荷earthquakeloadi ng彈黃支座spri ngsupport支座位移supportdisplaceme ntspace7支座沉降supportsettleme nt超靜定次數(shù)degreeof in determ inacy機(jī)動(dòng)分析kin emati

18、can alysis結(jié)點(diǎn)法 method ofjoi nts截面法 method ofsect ions結(jié)點(diǎn)力 joi ntforces共軛位移conjugatedisplaceme nt影響線 in flue neeline二彎矩方程three-mome ntequatio n單位虛力unit virtualforce剛度系數(shù)stiffnesscoefficie nt柔度系數(shù)flexibilitycoefficie nt力矩分配mome ntdistributi on力矩分配法moment distributionmethod力矩再分酉己 moment redistribution分配系數(shù)d

19、istributio nfactor矩陣位移法matri displaceme ntmethod單元?jiǎng)偠染仃?eleme nt stiffness matrix單元應(yīng)變矩陣eleme nt strain matrix總體坐標(biāo)globalcoord in ates貝蒂定理Bettitheorem高斯-若爾當(dāng)消去法 Gauss-Jordanelimination屈曲模態(tài) buckli ng mode復(fù)合材料力學(xué)mecha nics of composites復(fù)合材料composite material纖維復(fù)合材料fibrous composite單向復(fù)合材料uni direct ionalcomp

20、osite泡沫復(fù)合材料foamed composite顆粒復(fù)合材料particulate composite層板 Lam in ate夾層板 san dwich panel正交層板cross-plylam in ate斜交層板an gle-plylam in ate層片 Ply多胞固體cellularsolid膨脹 Expa nsionMethod8壓實(shí) Debulk劣化Degradatio n脫層Delam in ati on脫粘 Debo nd 纖維應(yīng)力fiber stress層應(yīng)力plystress層應(yīng)變plystrain層間應(yīng)力in terlam inarstress比強(qiáng)度 speci

21、ficstre ngth強(qiáng)度折減系數(shù)stre ngth reduction factor強(qiáng)度應(yīng)力比 stre ngth -stress ratio 橫向剪切模量 tran sverseshearmodulus橫觀各向同性tran sverseisotropy正交各向異 Orthotropy剪滯分析shearlagan alysis短纖維choppedfiber長(zhǎng)纖維con ti nuousfiber纖維方向fiberdirectio n纖維斷裂fiberbreak纖維拔脫fiberpull-out纖維增強(qiáng)fiberrei nforceme nt致密化Den sificati on最小重量設(shè)計(jì)optimum weight desig n網(wǎng)格分析法 n ett ing an alysis 混合律 rule of mixture 失效準(zhǔn)貝 Ufailure criteri on蔡-吳失效準(zhǔn)則 Tsai-W u