復(fù)合句定語從句

1、復(fù)合句定語從句【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握定語從句的意義及作用。區(qū)別各類引導(dǎo)詞?！菊n前準(zhǔn)備】要求學(xué)生用定語從句造五個句子。【知識要點】在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的有關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, which, that等和關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中擔(dān)任句子成份。1.由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，who用作主語，如：This is the boy who often helps me.2.由whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，whom用作賓語，如：The man whom you are waiting

2、for has gone home.3.由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，whose用作定語，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4.由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，which用作主語或謂語動詞的賓語或介詞的賓語，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.注意：(1)whom, which用作介詞賓語時，介詞可放在w

3、hom、which之前，也可放在從句原來的位置上；但在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，必須用關(guān)系代詞which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much.(3)關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。5.由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，that可以指人或物，在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語，如：The book that

4、I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.注意在下面幾種情況下必須用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。(1)先行詞是不定代詞all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：All that we have to do is to practise English.(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，如The first letter that I got from him will be kept.(3)先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, som

5、e等修飾，如I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時如He is the only person that I want to talk with.(5)先行詞既有人又有物時，如:They talked about persons and things that they met.(6)當(dāng)句中已有who時，為避免重復(fù)，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, wh

6、y引導(dǎo)的定語從句，如:I don't know the reason why he was late.This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.注意：先行詞是表示地點時，如果從句的謂語動詞是及物的，就用that(which)，如果從句的謂語動詞是不及物的，就用where引導(dǎo)。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Whe

7、re he has lived for 15 year.)7.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句(1)限制性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號分開。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，這些關(guān)系代詞都不能省略。(2)非限制性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有這種從句，不影響主句意思的完整，一般用逗號把主句和從句分開，關(guān)系代詞用which,不用that;指人時可用who,如：I have two brothers, who are both students.【典型例題解析】例1 The second boo

8、k _I want to read is Business the Speed of Thought.A. which B. what C. that D. as解析 先行詞book被序數(shù)詞修飾時要用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選C。例2 I'll never forget the days _I stayed with you.A. when B. in which C. that D. for which 解析 本題指時間，故選A。例3 The book_ is sold out at the moment.A. you need B. what you need C. which y

9、ou need it D. that you need it解析 B、C、D中的what和it與先行The book相抵觸，故選A。例4 Is this the place _Lincoln once lived.A. that B. which C. where D. when解析 本題指地點，故選C。例5 I'm one of the boys CD#3 never late for school.A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is解析 本題中who用作主語，謂語動詞與先行詞the boys保持一致，故選B?！具x講例題】例6 Her

10、sister,_ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.A. whom B. that C. which D. who is解析 非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞用which,不用that,但指人時用who或whom.故選A。例7 These book are for students _ mother language is not English.A. of whom B. that C. which D. whose解析 whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句中,whose用作定語，故選D?！菊n內(nèi)追蹤練習(xí)】單項選擇(D) 1.Is this museum

11、 _they visited last month?A. that B. where C. which D. the one(C) 2.Is this the museum CD#3 they visited last month?A. what B. where C. which D. the one(B) 3.The clever boy made a hole in the wall,_ he could read books at night.A. in which B. through which C. at which D. on which(D) 4._ cleans the c

12、lassroom can go home first.A. Anyone B. Those who C. However D. The one who(B) 5.The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate.A. who's B. whose C. that D. of which(B) 6.The young man _ is an engineer of my factory.A. that you just talked B. whom you just talked toC. which you just talked D. wh

13、o you just talked(C) 7.The dictionary _ I paid one dollar was very interesting.A. that B. which C. for which D. to which【復(fù)習(xí)小結(jié)】牢記定語從句中各種連詞的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別及其運用。【課外鞏固練習(xí)】一、單項選擇(B) 8.The old man _ yesterday is a scientist.A. I spoke B. I spoke to C. whom I spoke D. that I spoke to him (D) 9.She had two sons,_ beca

14、me teachers.A. all of them B. all of whomC. both of them D. both of whom(D) 10.The room _ we do the reading is a reading-room.A. on which B. in that C. that D. where(A) 11.The village,_ we spent our holiday last week, is in the south of the province.A. where B. that C. which D. what(B) 12.I won'

15、t tell you the reason _ I'm so excited.A. because B. why C. when D. which(A) 13.Is this the shop _sells children's clothing? A. which B. where C. in which D. what(C) 14.The only language _ is easy for me to learn is Chinese.A. which B. whose C. that D. it(A) 15.September 1 st,1997 is the day

16、 _ we'll never forget.A. that B. when C. on which D. on that二、改錯“People which talk and sing to plants are crazy.”A agriculture expert said in the newspaper.“In fact, singing or talking to plants make them grow better.”The reason is quite simple. When we sing or talk to plants, we breath out carb

17、on dioxide (二氧化碳) what plants need to live or grow. Plants take in the carbon dioxide during sunlight hour and produce oxygen which people need to live. Singing and talking are helpful, however, only during the night.16.which talk改成who talk 17.plants are改成plants are not18.A agriculture改成An agriculture