醫(yī)學英語(下)重點單詞和句子翻譯分享

1、真誠為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當之處，請指正。醫(yī)學英語（下）重點單詞和句子翻譯 unit1hemoglobin血紅蛋白                         polycythemia紅血球增多癥hypertrophy肥大，過度增大         

2、               atrophy萎縮mutate改變，使突變anomaly異常，不規(guī)則                            congenitaldefect先天

3、性缺陷lesion損害，機能障礙infectiousagent傳染劑pathogenesis發(fā)病原diagnosis診斷prognosis預后autopsy尸體解剖heredity遺傳hemophilia血友病syndrome綜合征alcoholism  酗酒                          anemia &#

4、160;   貧血                   pregnancy懷孕delivery  分娩，交付                       

5、60; leukemia白血病malnutrition營養(yǎng)不良                           hyperactivethyroid活躍甲狀腺hyperthyroidism甲狀腺功能亢進mongolism先天愚型urinalysis尿分析physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeon外科醫(yī)生remission緩解relaps

6、e復發(fā)complication并發(fā)癥pneumonia肺炎                       sequela后遺癥paralysis麻痹  polio  小兒麻痹               

7、0;      fallopiantubes輸卵管alleviate減輕masterpiece  杰作                         defective有缺陷的deficient不足的concurrent并發(fā)的respectively分別地utilize利用perceive察覺te

8、rminal末端，晚期的severity嚴重fracture破裂prostate前列腺transmit傳輸，遺傳                       trigger引發(fā)，觸發(fā)protrude  突出，伸出             

9、           counteract抵消，中和prescribe開處方，規(guī)定exacerbate使加劇                              aggravate惡化，加重re

10、semble類似subside平息，沉淀onset開始，著手confinedto只限于compensate補償，賠償traumatize使。損傷accompany陪伴，伴隨observe觀察manifest證明，顯示aftermath后果rheumaticfever風濕熱sterility不育healthprofessional保健專業(yè)人士comprehensive綜合的 unit2acluster of一群，一組       initial最初的inject注入，注射  homosexual同性戀者impair損

11、害，減少       emerge擺脫暴露monitor  監(jiān)視，監(jiān)控compromise妥協(xié)，和解alert       警惕的official正式的original原始的      outbreak發(fā)作，爆發(fā)coin 硬幣isolate隔離novel異常的  press按壓lymphoadenopathy      淋巴瘤lymphotropic嗜淋巴細

12、胞declare宣布  striking顯著，驚人contradict     反駁，否定turnout發(fā)生，證明incheck 受控制pinpoint精確地supplement補充  complement補助considerable值得考慮的     Implicate暗指 影響 涉及activate  刺激 激活decline下降，衰退routinely 常規(guī)地，通常地prevailing流行的，一般的devise遺贈    equip裝備multip

13、ronged 多種要素的destruction破壞，毀滅advancement       前進，進步replication復制，反響administer管理，執(zhí)行 administration管理，實施nucleosideanalog核苷類似物    nucleocapsid核蛋白體diminish 使減少，使縮小appearto似乎，好像indicate  表明，指出specific特殊的，明確的drawback      缺點，不利條件op

14、timism樂觀trial 實驗confer授予，給以causative成為原因desease-causing成為致病原因beintended to      打算preliminary準備，預賽mediate間接，居中    prolong延長enhance 提高ruleout排除，取消becapable of       能夠attach附加，附屬inert遲緩的，無效的   hemophiliac血友病的myeloid 

15、  骨髓的compatibility兼容性homozygous   純合子的heterozygous雜合子的bowel     腸 內(nèi)部 同情commentator評論員reservoir 水池investigational調(diào)查anecdotal      軼事的mortality死亡數(shù)ongoing  前進modulate調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整latency   潛在因素eradication消滅，撲滅adherence堅持，忠誠 pandemic全國流行

16、的，普遍的angiography血管學，血管造影術(shù)angioplasty血管成形術(shù)priorto在。之前，優(yōu)先 unit4hyperactivity極度活躍 overactivity過度活躍distractibility  注意力分散inattentiveness注意遲鈍attention-deficit注意力不足disorder混亂失調(diào)heterogeneity異質(zhì)性   referral參照 提及 intolerance不寬松 偏狹     exuberance豐富 茂盛growout of 

17、0;  產(chǎn)生于 outgrow出生，過大不適合elicit       抽出 引出quantitativeassessment定量評價prevalence流行 普及  psychiatric精神病學的prenatal 產(chǎn)前的 perinatal圍產(chǎn)期additive  添加劑dopamine多巴胺noradrenergicsystem去甲腎上腺系統(tǒng)    aggression輕略 進攻serotonin      

18、五羥色胺positron正電子     reveal/exhibit/manifest暴露 展現(xiàn)cortex     皮質(zhì)psychostimulant精神興奮藥antidepressant     抗抑郁劑sufficient足夠的evolve發(fā)展 進化   contingentreinforcement后效強化controversial  有爭議的adolescence青春期follow-up 隨訪untreated未經(jīng)處理的illustra

19、te舉例       treatment/therapy/治療management管理settledown    定居 安定下來intact完整的 未受損的outpatient     門診病人chaos混沌 混亂epidemiology  流行病學etiology病因?qū)Wdifferentiate   區(qū)別 區(qū)分defiant挑釁的；目中無人的，挑戰(zhàn)的optimize優(yōu)化，持樂觀態(tài)度 discipline學科 紀律resent 

20、;    怨恨 憤恨r(nóng)ecess休息 休假insult侮辱 損害   fficacy/effectiveness效力beapt to       傾向于concurrent并發(fā)的normative      規(guī)范 標準peer凝視 窺視subtype圖標類型 unit5rehabilitation復原interdisciplinary各學科間的premalignant癌變前的predisposition傾向 易染病體質(zhì)prophylax

21、is預防radiotherapy放射療法radiopaque不透射線irradiation照射 發(fā)光chemoprevention化學預防m(xù)etastasis轉(zhuǎn)移 chiefcomplaint主訴cholangiopancreatogram膽管胰造影術(shù)benign良性的progression前進 連續(xù)regression復原 回歸retrogression退化 后退retrospective回顧 懷舊ureter尿管modification修正 改變optimal最佳的subsequentintervention后期介入resect切除 eliminate消除promptly迅速地eligib

22、ility合格 適任stratify分層collaboration合作evaluate/estimate評估 估計revolvearound以.為中心daunting使人害怕的oncologist腫瘤學家oncology腫瘤學advanceddisease病沉重期perceptive感覺的 有感知力的necessitate需要 迫使internist內(nèi)科醫(yī)生bonemarrow骨髓partiallyobstructed intestine部分腸道堵塞obstruction阻礙/construction建設(shè)/destruction破壞/instruction指令elucidate說明 闡明rad

23、iopaque不透射線的radiolucent可透射線的compilation編輯deranged瘋狂 精神錯亂的alleviate減輕 緩和palliate減輕 辯解relieve解除 減輕asymptomatic無癥狀的eligibility適任，合格standardize使標準化prognosis預后parameter參數(shù) 參量delineate描繪 描寫neoplasm瘤  贅生物categorize分類potential潛能 sufficiently充分地proficient精通 專家interval間隔 間距recurrence循環(huán) 再發(fā)生relapse復發(fā) 再發(fā)dosi

24、metry劑量學ureter尿管/urethra尿道locoreginal限于局部complication并發(fā)癥duplication復制 副本replication復制 回答 反響implication含義 暗示 牽連vigorous有力的 精力充沛的                         1. The humanbody is a masterpiece of a

25、rt. The more one understands the functioning of thebody, the greater appreciation one has for it. Even in disease, the body isquite remarkable in attempting to right what is wrong and compensate for it.人體是一個藝術(shù)的杰作。更多的了解身體的功能,將更大的發(fā)揮它的價值。即使在疾病時,身體也是非常引人注目，因為它嘗試判斷對修補錯的。2. Congenital birth defects, menta

26、l or physical,may be due to a developmental error resulting from a maternal infection such asrubella or German measles during pregnancy, the use of certain drugs, or themothers excessive consumption of alcohol.精神或身體先天性出生缺陷,可能是由于母親在懷孕期間感染風疹或德國麻疹等,使用某些藥物或過度酗酒造成的發(fā)育錯誤。3. Stress adversely affects the ent

27、ire body, itreduces the ability of the immune system to counteract disease. Stress causesseveral diseases of the gastrointestinal system such as peptic ulcers andulcerative colitis. It also aggravates respiratory ailments asthma, forexample and other allergic conditions. 壓力對整個身體造成不利影響,它降低了免疫系統(tǒng)抵抗疾病的能

28、力。壓力會導致一些胃腸系統(tǒng)疾病如消化性潰瘍、潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎。它還加重呼吸道疾病例如哮喘、和其他過敏性疾病。4. Signs are objective evidence of disease observedon physical examination, such as abnormal pulse or respiratory rate, fever, andpallor, or abnormal paleness, whereas symptoms are indication of diseaseperceived by the patient, such as pain, dizzin

29、ess, and itching. 跡象是體格檢查疾病觀察的客觀證據(jù),如異常的脈沖或呼吸速率、發(fā)燒、蒼白,或不正常的蒼白,而癥狀是疾病象征,如疼痛、頭暈、和瘙癢。 5. The aftermath of a particular disease is calledthe sequela, a sequel. The permanent damage to the heart after rheumatic feveris an example of a sequela, as is the paralysis of polio. The sterilityresulting from

30、 severe inflammation of the fallopian tubes is also a sequela.后一個特定的疾病稱為后遺癥,續(xù)集。對心臟的永久性損傷風濕熱后遺癥的一個例子后,脊髓灰質(zhì)炎的癱瘓。不育造成嚴重的輸卵管炎癥也是一個后遺癥。 1.   In the early days, the CDC did not have anofficial name for the disease, often referring to it by way of the diseasesthat were associated with it, fo

31、r example, lymphadenopathy, the disease afterwhich the discoverers of HIV originally named the virus.在早期，CDC沒有該病的一個正式的名稱，通常指的是它的方式，與它相關(guān)的疾病，例如，淋巴結(jié)腫大，病后，HIV病毒發(fā)現(xiàn)者命名為。 2.  Since then, much research has been directedtowards pinpointing the changes in the human immune system due to infection,see

32、king ways of reversing these changes, or supplementing the compromisedimmune system to hold the infection in check.自那時以來，大量的研究已針對精確定位在人類免疫系統(tǒng)的變化，由于感染，尋求逆轉(zhuǎn)這些變化的方法，或補充免疫系統(tǒng)抑制感染。3.  The drug mixture typically contains a so-called nucleosideanalog, which blocks genetic replication, and inhibitors of

33、two enzymes thatare critical enzyme in the making of new virus (protease and reversetranscriptase).藥物混合物通常包含一個所謂的核苷類似物，阻礙基因復制，和兩個酶在新病毒的關(guān)鍵酶抑制劑（蛋白酶和逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶）。4.  Treatment strategies, vaccine-based orotherwise, will need to address the different isolates of the AIDS virus thatare present in various r

34、egions of the globe. 治療策略為基礎(chǔ)的疫苗，否則，將需要針對不同的艾滋病病毒，目前在全球各地區(qū)的菌株。5.  Researchto improve current treatments includes decreasing side effects of currentdrugs, further simplifying drug regimens to improve adherence, and determiningbetter sequences of regimens to manage drug resistance.研究改善目前的治療包括減少當前藥

35、物的副作用,進一步簡化提高藥物依從性的藥物治療方案,確定更好的方案來管理序列耐藥性。 1. For severely affected preschoolers, thediagnosis may not be difficult, but in less obvious cases, parents may resistbelieving the child has any problems or may be convinced the child will growout of it. 嚴重影響學齡前兒童的診斷并不困難,但在不太明顯的情況下,父母可能抵制相信孩子有任何問題或者可

36、能被說服孩子會長大。2. ADHD must also be differentiated from severalconditions that can be present concurrently, such as learning disorder, conductdisorder, oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder and mood disorder. 多動癥也必須有區(qū)別的幾個條件,可以同時存在,如學習障礙、品行障礙、對立違抗障礙、焦慮障礙和情緒障礙。3. Psychopharmacological treatment w

37、ithpsychostimulants is widely used and is effective in up to 90% of ADHD children.Other medications used in clinical practice include some antidepressants andclonidine. 精神藥理學治療噴射器襲擊得到了廣泛地應(yīng)用,并有效的多動癥兒童的90%。其他藥物用于臨床實踐包括一些抗抑郁藥和氯壓定。4. It was previously thought that children outgrewtheir symptoms in adole

38、scence, and it was possible to stop medications as thechild got older. Recently there has been increasing focus on adolescents andadults treated as children who continue to show some or all of the symptoms ofADHD on follow-up. 人們以前認為孩子在青春期,超越他們的癥狀,有可能停止藥物當孩子長大。最近有越來越多的關(guān)注青少年和成年人視為孩子繼續(xù)顯示的部分或全部在后續(xù)多動癥的癥

39、狀。5. An 8-year-old girl, the only child of an intactmiddle-class family, was brought to the child psychiatry outpatient clinic atthe medical center because she was doing very poorly in the second grade, andthe school was considering having her repeat the year. 一個8歲的女孩,一個完整的中產(chǎn)階級家庭的唯一的孩子,被帶到兒童精神病學門診診所

40、的醫(yī)療中心,因為她做的很差在二年級,和學校正在考慮讓她重復。在后續(xù)多動癥的癥狀。 1. If cancer prevention fails, detecting cancer asearly as possible is important. For many primary sites of cancer, earlydetection is a reasonable goal and will result in less intense treatment andimproved treatment results. In every instance, a well-conceived management planis critical. 如果癌癥預防失敗,盡早檢測癌癥是很重要的。對許多癌癥的主要網(wǎng)站,早期發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個合理的目標,將導致沒那么強烈的治療和改善治療結(jié)果。在每一個實例,一個周密的管理計劃是至關(guān)重要的。2. Although the plan for evalua