《語(yǔ)法一致原則》ppt課件

1、第 12 講 主謂一致knowsishasareis一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)方式填空1No one_ (know) the answer to the question.2 Most of the drinking water_ (be) from the RedRiver.3Either you or he_ (have) made a wrong decision.4The class_ (be) spending the weekend together.5Bread and milk_ (be) a fast food.areisisareareishavehas二、單句改錯(cuò)1There

2、are an apple and a cat on the desk._2Both Jim and Kelly is listening to the music._3Tom with a cat are climbing the tree._4This family have a big garden._5Neither Kim nor I likes playing football._likeslike語(yǔ)法一致原那么1主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞、單數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：He exercises every day.他每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)。They exe

3、rcise every day.他們每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)。2and 或 both.and.銜接名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：He and Jerry are students.他和杰瑞都是學(xué)生。留意：(1)當(dāng) and 銜接的兩個(gè)名詞指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：The writer and singer was invited to the party.那位作家兼歌手被約請(qǐng)參與派對(duì)。(2)當(dāng) and 銜接的名詞被 each, every 或 no 修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.剛剛每

4、位男生和女生都得到了一個(gè)蘋果。3當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有 with, without, together with, along with,except, besides, but, as well as, like, including 等介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致(即“就遠(yuǎn)原那么)。如：Susan with her family works on the farm.蘇珊和她的家人在田里干活。4動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：To be a pilot is his dream.成為一名飛行員是他的夢(mèng)想。5由不定代詞 either, neither, each, one,

5、 everyone, someone,anyone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something,anything, nothing, everything 等作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：Everybody is here.一切人都到齊了。意義一致原那么1news 以及科目稱號(hào) maths, physics, politics 等，本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：I think physics is an interesting subject.我以為物理是一門有趣的學(xué)科。2trousers, shoes, g

6、lasses, pants 等為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但當(dāng)它們前面有 pair of, kind of 等量詞修飾時(shí)，那么根據(jù)量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)方式。如：This kind of shoes is new.這種款式的鞋子是新的。My new shoes are very beautiful.我的新鞋很美麗。3表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、間隔、價(jià)錢、金錢、分量等的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：200 miles is a long way to go.200 英里是很長(zhǎng)的一段路。4集體名詞如 family, class, group, team 等作主

7、語(yǔ)，表示整體時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，表示集體中的詳細(xì)成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The class wins the prize.這個(gè)班獲得了獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。The class are all carefully reading the book.全班學(xué)生都在仔細(xì)地讀這本書。科目一考試科目一考試 km1.jsyst 科目一模擬考試科目一模擬考試 仿真考試仿真考試 最新試題最新試題科目二考試科目二考試 km2.jsyst 學(xué)車駕考科目二學(xué)車駕考科目二 技巧技巧 視頻視頻 資料資料 Listening5某些名詞如 people (people 指“民族時(shí)除外), police 等，方式上是單數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)

8、動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The police are running after a thief.警察們正在追逐一個(gè)小偷。6“the 描畫詞(表示一類人)和“the 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式(表示夫婦或一家人)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The old think the young are happier than them.老人們以為年輕人比他們幸福。The Smiths like watching TV.史密斯一家人喜歡看電視。7分?jǐn)?shù)、百分比及 some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of等后接單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)

9、動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：70% of the earth is covered with water.70%的地球外表被水覆蓋。60% of the teachers in our school are women.我們學(xué)校 60%的教師是女的。8“a number of復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示“許多，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“the number of復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示“的數(shù)量，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：A number of birds are on the island.島上有大量的鳥兒。The number of the cups is 10.杯子的數(shù)量是 10 個(gè)。就近原那么1在 there b

10、e 句型和以 here 開(kāi)頭的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與接近它的主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致。如：There is a river and two big trees there.那邊有一條河和兩棵大樹。Here is Jim and his parents.這是吉姆和他的父母。2 either.or., neither.nor., not only.but also., or,not.but.等構(gòu)造銜接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與接近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午要么他要么他得待在家里。()1.(2021 年廣東)Bo

11、th Li Lei and Han Meimei_ fond of the TV program A Bite of China.I am also deeply moved by its stories!AisBamCwasDAreD both.and.銜接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。應(yīng)選 D。()2.(2021 年廣東佛山)Thanks to the organisation, somemoney _ given to the poor children.AwasBwereCAreA money 是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選 A。()3.(2021 年廣東茂名)Either Ted or Bo

12、b _ goodenough to be a member of the school team.AisBareCbecomeA either.or.構(gòu)造作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與接近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致，應(yīng)選 A。()4.(2021 年廣東茂名)_ the parents _the son is enjoying the film.ABoth; andBNeither; orCNot only; but alsoC 根據(jù)后面的 be 動(dòng)詞 is 可排除 A 項(xiàng)；B 項(xiàng)方式錯(cuò)誤；notonly.but also. 銜接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵照就近原那么，應(yīng)選 C。()5.(2021 年廣東深圳)W

13、hat does the fresh juicecontain?_of the juice _ orange.Its very pure.AFour-fifth; areCFour-fifth; isBFour-fifths; areDFour-fifths; isD 分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于 1，分母加-s，故可以排除 A、C 兩項(xiàng)；juice 是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)方式，應(yīng)選 D。()8.(2021 年廣東河源)The number of teachers in ourschool _ greatly increased last term.A number

14、 of teachersin this school _ from the countryside.A. was; isCwere; areBwas; areDwere; isB the number of 表示“的數(shù)量，接名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；“a number of 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示“許多，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。()10.(2021 年廣東)Robert with his two kids _ tothe beach for vacation every year.A. goCwentBgoesDare goingB 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) every year 可排除 C、D 項(xiàng)；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后跟有with 介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致。主語(yǔ) Robert是第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂