新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第7-8課.doc

1、Lesson 7 Too lateRevision：other, the other, another, others, the others1.Some people like to stay at home, but _ like to go to the cinema.A. another B. other C. others D. other one答案: C. (要牢記: some., others.)2.- Is this your shoe?- Yes, but where is _?A. the other one B. other one C. another one D.

2、the others答案: A. (注意鞋是兩只, another指的是三者或者三者以上)3.Robert has gone to _ city and he'll be back in a week.A. other B. the other C. another D. any other答案：C(注意這里沒(méi)有說(shuō)只有兩座城市，因此不能選B.)4. What do your parents do?- One is a teacher; _ is a driver.A. other B. another C. the other D. that one5. Her lecture was

3、 hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another 6. Do you want cake? (2005浙江省金華市) Yes, I usually eat a lot when I'm hungry.A. otherB. others C. anotherD. the other7. I don't like this shirt, so I want to see some .（04寧夏）A. other

4、B. the other C. others D. another8. Shanghai is larger than city in India. (04黃岡)A. any otherB. other C. all other D. any注意：any other表示“同一范圍內(nèi)，除了自己以外的”，后接單數(shù)名詞。any 表示“不同范圍內(nèi)、任何的”，后接單數(shù)名詞。如：She is shorter than any other student in her class.她比她們班其他學(xué)生都矮。She is shorter than any student in Class Three.她比三班任

5、何同學(xué)都矮。（她不是三班的）【New words and expressions】（13） detective n. 偵探 detective story 偵探小說(shuō)airport n. 機(jī)場(chǎng) at the airport 在機(jī)場(chǎng)expect v. 期待，等待 expectation n.期待expect sb.to do sth. 期待某人做某事I expect you to write back soon.I expect my mother to buy me a new bike one day.valuable adj. 貴重的=precious 珍貴的 value n.價(jià)值parce

6、l n. 包裹diamond n. 鉆石 diamond ring 鉆石戒指steal v. 偷（stole，stolen）main adj. 主要的 main building；main street；main sentence；main ideaairfield n. 飛機(jī)起落的場(chǎng)地,停機(jī)坪 on the airfield 在停機(jī)坪上guard n. 警戒，守衛(wèi)life guard 救生員 body guard 保鏢 keep guard 守望，警戒 stand guard 站崗，放哨precious adj. 珍貴的 precious photo 珍貴的照片stone n. 石子sand

7、 n. 沙子 sands n. 沙灘，沙地，沙漠desert.【Text】The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived,

8、some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parc

9、el was full of stones and sand!參考譯文飛機(jī)誤點(diǎn)了, 偵探們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)等了整整一上午. 他們正期待從南非來(lái)的一個(gè)裝著鉆石的貴重包裹. 數(shù)小時(shí)以前, 有人向警方報(bào)告, 說(shuō)有人企圖偷走這些鉆石. 當(dāng)飛機(jī)到達(dá)時(shí), 一些偵探等候在主樓內(nèi), 另一些偵探則守候在停機(jī)坪上. 有兩個(gè)人把包裹拿下飛機(jī), 進(jìn)了海關(guān). 這時(shí)兩個(gè)偵探把住門(mén)口, 另外兩個(gè)偵探打開(kāi)了包裹. 令他們吃驚的是, 那珍貴的包裹里面裝的全是石頭和沙子!【課文講解】1、The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.all

10、一般直接加表示時(shí)間的單數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)，如：all day，all night，all week，all winter，all year等。但不說(shuō)all hour。whole在表達(dá)同樣的意思時(shí)一般要加冠詞或數(shù)詞，如a whole day/year，two whole weeks。all morning=all the morningThe plane was late 飛機(jī)晚(點(diǎn))了The bus was late./The train was late.detectives 沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)一些偵探或者那些偵探, 強(qiáng)調(diào)偵探這種人，籠統(tǒng)感念, 可不加some, the2、They were expe

11、cting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa.a valuable parcel of diamondsSouth Africa 南非3、A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.a few hours earlier 幾個(gè)小時(shí)以前= a few hours before/a few hours agowould +do 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),間接方式, 轉(zhuǎn)述, 站在過(guò)去看未來(lái)4、When the

12、plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield.代詞others常常和some連用，表示“有些（人），也有些（人）”或“有的，其余的”onethe other 一個(gè)另一個(gè)someothers 一些另一些 Some students are very hard-working, others are not.others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)5、Two men took the parcel off the p

13、lane and carried it into the Customs House.take sth. off=take sth. away fromand carried it intocarried 表示看得很重Customs House 海關(guān)6、While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!were keeping guard at t

14、he door, two others opened the parcel.對(duì)于已發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,延續(xù)時(shí)間通常不一致時(shí), 長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 短時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí).When someone knocked at the door, I was having dinner.keep guard 守衛(wèi)at the door 在門(mén)邊(固定搭配)two others=two other detectivesto one's surprise,讓某人驚訝的是To my surprise, the teacher was late.To ones +表達(dá)人情緒的名詞to

15、one's joyTo my joy, my mother came here yesterday.to one's excitementTo our excitement, our team wins.be full of .裝滿(mǎn)= be filled withMy bag was full of books.The cup is full of water. sand 沙子 （不可數(shù)）【Key structures】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：be的過(guò)去式+現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)經(jīng)常同在一個(gè)句子里使用。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或情況，一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示比較短暫

16、的動(dòng)作或事件。正在進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作或情況往往由連詞when，while，as，just as等引導(dǎo)。when，while 當(dāng)時(shí)候（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生）while+從句, 動(dòng)詞一定是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞when+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/瞬間動(dòng)詞while能用when代替，但是when卻不一定能用while代替。while通常只引導(dǎo)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，并且主句和從句可以同時(shí)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而when和as一般不這么用。John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.Just as I was leaving the

17、house, you came in.when也可以引導(dǎo)比較短暫的動(dòng)作，while和as則一般不行。We were having supper when the lights went out.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如all morning，all night，all day，all evening，the whole week等，表示這段時(shí)間一直在干什么。What were you doing all evening? I couldnt find you anywhere.過(guò)去動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)態(tài) 過(guò)去兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 習(xí)慣上一個(gè)用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 另一個(gè)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；動(dòng)作長(zhǎng)

18、用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), 動(dòng)作短用一般過(guò)去時(shí); 分工的情況, 動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始時(shí)間和結(jié)束時(shí)間幾乎相同, 均用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí); I was listening to the radio, my sister was dancing.When my mother was doing the housework, my father was watching TV. 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在同時(shí)段進(jìn)行, 在不同時(shí)間結(jié)束, 先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作未結(jié)束, 另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生, 先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 另一個(gè)動(dòng)作用過(guò)去時(shí).When I was opening the door, the telephone rang.先開(kāi)門(mén)When the tele

19、phone was ringing, I opened the door.電話先響 瞬間動(dòng)詞（如：arrive）沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 所以?xún)蓚€(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 瞬間動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài). When he arrived, I was having dinner.【Special Difficulties】 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的小品詞許多動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞后就會(huì)改變?cè)~義，這些介詞和副詞通常被稱(chēng)為小品詞。它們沒(méi)有詞形的變化。有些小品詞既可以作介詞又可以作副詞。判斷一個(gè)小品詞是副詞還是介詞要看小品詞有沒(méi)有帶賓語(yǔ)。有賓語(yǔ)的是介詞，沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)的是副詞，介詞的位置相對(duì)固定，不能變動(dòng)。 vi.&v

20、t.+ prep./adv.+賓語(yǔ)(n.)She is walking up the hill. vt.+賓語(yǔ)(n./pron.)+adv.take off the coat =take the coat off =take it offput on your shoes =put your shoes on =put them onI always take money with me.我身上總帶些錢(qián)Exercise11  They have pulled down the old building.pull down （pull<vt.>；down<adv.&g

21、t;）pull one's leg 開(kāi)玩笑You are pulling my leg.你開(kāi)我玩笑12  Make up your mind.make up->make up one's mind 習(xí)慣用法不換,語(yǔ)法上可換13  He asked for permission to leave.ask for->ask (sb.) for sth. 其實(shí)是省略sb.故不可換【Multiple choice questions】5  Someone had told the police that thieves would try to

22、 steal the diamonds. This happened _a_ the plane arrived.a. before b. after c. when d. as soon as兩個(gè)動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生(一個(gè)動(dòng)作結(jié)束, 另一個(gè)動(dòng)作才發(fā)生)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)before 在之前；as soon as 一就 9  The parcel was valuable. It was _c_ .a. worth b. worthy c. precious d. valuevaluable= precious value n. 價(jià)值worth v. 值得，后面一定要加詞something is

23、worthThe book is worth reading. (動(dòng)名詞)The book is worth three dollars.worthy adj. 有價(jià)值的 be worthy of 值得This book is worthy of being read to be read. 這本書(shū)值得一讀. acts worthy of punishment 應(yīng)該受處分的行為worthless adj. 無(wú)價(jià)值的something is worthless(后面不加任何東西)10  The thieves wanted to _b_ the diamonds.a. rob b. s

24、teal c. take from d. take to加something做賓語(yǔ)的一定是steal， 而rob后常常接sb.Lesson 8 The best and the worst 【New words and expressions】（5） competition n. 比賽，競(jìng)賽（暗地里的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),智力競(jìng)賽）neat adj. 整齊的，整潔的path n. 小路，小徑wooden adj. 木頭的pool n. 水池competition n. 比賽，競(jìng)賽 a chess competition詞義辨析competition，contest，match，race這些名詞均有“比賽，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

25、”之意。competition多指體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中的各項(xiàng)比賽、角逐，也指知識(shí)、技巧等方面的競(jìng)賽。contest多指在音樂(lè)、書(shū)法、演講等方面所進(jìn)行的比賽或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。其結(jié)果，由評(píng)判委員會(huì)裁決。 beauty contest 選美m(xù)atch通常指體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的比賽，隱含勢(shì)均力敵意味。football matchneat adj. 整齊的, 整潔的，井井有條clean adj. 干凈的neat=tidy <adj.> tidy <v.> (up) the room 整理房間pool n. 水池(人工的) swimming pool 游泳池pond 池塘（天然的）【Text】Joe San

26、ders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more int

27、eresting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!參考譯文喬.桑德斯擁有我們鎮(zhèn)上最漂亮的花園. 幾乎每個(gè)人都參加每年舉辦的 “最佳花園競(jìng)賽” , 而每次都是喬獲勝. 比

28、爾.弗里斯的花園比喬的花園大, 他比喬也更為勤奮, 種植的花卉和蔬菜也更多, 但喬的花園更富有情趣. 他修筑了一條條整潔的小路, 并在一個(gè)池塘上架了一座小木橋. 我也喜歡花園, 但我卻不愿意辛勤勞動(dòng). 每年的花園競(jìng)賽我也參加, 但總因是鎮(zhèn)上最劣的花園而獲得一個(gè)小獎(jiǎng)! 【課文講解】1、Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town.=Joe Sanders' garden is the most beautiful in our town.注意最高級(jí)用于三者以上。2、Nearly everybody enters for 

29、9;The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time.nearly和almost意義相似，表示“幾乎”、“差不多”、“差點(diǎn)兒”的意思。I have nearly forgotten his name. 我差點(diǎn)把他的名字忘了。 Im nearly/almost ready. 我快準(zhǔn)備好了。enter for 報(bào)名參加（各種競(jìng)賽，考試等活動(dòng)）win（won，won） v. 贏 vi. 贏I win. I lose. (輸了) vt. 贏得win something 后面往往是獎(jiǎng)品,不能接對(duì)手I win the

30、 book. I win the gold cup.win a prize 贏得了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)win a prize for 因?yàn)槎@獎(jiǎng)defeat+對(duì)手I defeat you. Each year=every year3、Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's.名詞加-s表示所屬關(guān)系，構(gòu)成名詞的所有格。這類(lèi)名詞往往指有生命的東西，特別是人。所有格的語(yǔ)法作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，限定后面的名詞。這個(gè)被限定的名詞在上下文中第二次被提到時(shí)可以省略，只要不引起誤解。4、He has made neat paths and has built a wood

31、en bridge over a pool.make和build在這里是同義詞，“修建，建造”。make的詞義比較籠統(tǒng)、廣泛，可解釋為“做、作出、制造”等，而build主要限于建筑業(yè)，指“建造，建設(shè)，蓋房子，修筑（橋梁）等” Have you made the skirt by yourself? They have made a road along the river.5. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in th

32、e town!Bad/ill-worse-the worst【Key structures】形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)比較級(jí)相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)中“比更”這種句型，最高級(jí)則表示在某個(gè)范圍“最”的概念。最高級(jí)在使用時(shí)前面通常要加定冠詞the，并有一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或從句限定其范圍。1、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成： 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er，-est，以輔音加-y結(jié)尾的詞變-y為-i，再加-er，-est 以-e結(jié)尾的詞加-r，-st 以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞要雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加-er，-est 三個(gè)或者是三個(gè)音節(jié)以上（多音節(jié)）比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成 : more+原級(jí)最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成 : the most+原級(jí)有

33、一些雙音節(jié)詞既可在單詞結(jié)尾加-er，-est，也可與more/less和most/least連用，如narrow，clever，common，pleasant等。clever cleverer more cleverfun adj. 快樂(lè)more fun （美國(guó)人用） 有些構(gòu)成是不規(guī)則的：good/well(better best)；bad/ill(worse worst)；many/much(more most)；little(less least)；far(farther further , farthest furthest)（farther:距離上的遠(yuǎn)和更遠(yuǎn)，further:程度上的更

34、進(jìn)一步）further more(更有甚者)old(older elder, oldest eldest)older 比大She is older than somebodyelder 做定語(yǔ)修飾其他名詞elder sister (年長(zhǎng)的)姐姐2、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法在使用比較級(jí)時(shí)，如果需要把所比較的兩項(xiàng)都提到，那么就必須比較級(jí)后用than：My room is cleaner than the one next door.如果比較級(jí)之所指很清楚，它可獨(dú)立存在： Which house do you prefer? I prefer the older one.最高級(jí)的限定范圍一般用of，am

35、ong，in等介詞短語(yǔ)；限定范圍也可以是從句；如果范圍很清楚，則可以省略。 John is the tallest of the three brother. This is the coldest day in ten years. Mary is the most intelligent person Ive ever met.【Special Difficulties】 every構(gòu)成的合成詞every和one，body，thing可以構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞everyone，everybody，everything。Everyone和everybody一般可以替換使用，均被視為單數(shù)。Every

36、one/Everybody knows what he has to do.=Everyone/Everybody knows what they have to do. 每個(gè)人都知道自己必須做什么。Everything is going well. 一切都很順利。each和every均可譯為“每一個(gè)”，兩者?？苫Q。every只能是形容詞性，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，常用來(lái)指一個(gè)大的、不確定的數(shù)目，不能直接做主語(yǔ)；each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，常用以一個(gè)確定的并通常是有限的數(shù)目，在作代詞時(shí)，直接作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù) Every/Each time I wash the car it

37、rains.Enter and Enter forenter vt.&vi. 進(jìn)入enter+地點(diǎn)名詞Always knock on the door before you enter. vt.&vi. 參加，加入Weve entered into an agreement. 我們已達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議。He soon entered their conversation.enter for+表示比賽、競(jìng)賽、考試的名詞 報(bào)名參加, 強(qiáng)調(diào)報(bào)名enter for the examShe entered (her name/herself) for the mathematics compe

38、tition. 她報(bào)名參加數(shù)學(xué)競(jìng)賽。enter for 相當(dāng)于take part in ，而join 是“參加”某個(gè)組織。如：join the army(p42)2  Will you enter _for_ this week's crossword competition?crossward 文字游戲3  Many athletes have entered _for_ the Olympic Games this year.athletes = sportsman 運(yùn)動(dòng)員, 體育家 【Multiple choice questions】(p43)3  Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. It is _b_ .a. larger garden