(完整版)since從句的用法

1、從動作since 引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性的過去時，則從句表示的時間是開始的那一時刻起”。如：He has studied very hard since he came to our school. 自從他來到我們學校，他學習 就非常努力。We have been missing them since they left here 自從他們離開這里，我們就一直很想 念他們。這是最常見的一種用法，此處不再多述。二、若 since 引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞的過去時時，則從句表示的時間是 “從那持續(xù)動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起” 。如：I haven t heard a

2、ny noise since I slept. Sleep 為持續(xù)性動詞， sleep 的動作結(jié)束時， 即 “醒來 ” 時，這句應(yīng)譯為 “我醒后還未聽到任何聲音” 。三、若 since 引導的狀語從句的謂語為持續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時，則表示動作和狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（說話時刻），其表示的時間的起點應(yīng)從動作發(fā)生之時算起。如：I haven t heard from him since he has lived there這里 has lived 表示動作的持續(xù)性，時間的起點應(yīng)從： “開始居住 ”時算起。因此此句可理解 為 “自從他（開始）住在那兒起，我就一直沒收到他的來信”。至于It is +一段時間+

3、since的句型與It has been +一段時間+since意思相同。前者 是規(guī)范說法，后者是口語說法。應(yīng)注意的是， 在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中， since 引導的從句絕對不能用否定式的謂語動詞來表示否定意 義，下面兩句都錯了：It is a long time since he didnt study English.It s two months since you didnt come to see me.正確的說法為：It s a long time since he studied English他好久沒學英語了。You haven t come to see me for two mont

4、hs. 你有兩個月沒來看我了。since 的用法1) since + 過去一個時間點 ( 如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、 1980, last month, half past six) 。I have been here since 1989.2) since + 一段時間 + agoI have been here since five months ago.3) since + 從句Great changes have taken place since you left.Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.4) It

5、 is + 一段時間 + since 從句It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.since的用法主要有兩點：一是表示自從以來”，二是表示 既然”之意。但如果只了解詞的含義，而不了解其用法，在使用時就會造成錯誤。例如： I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai.不少人會望文生義，將該句譯為： “自從我住在上海以來，就再也沒有收到他的信了。 ”而 實際上這個句子的譯文并非如此，那么正確的含義是什么呢？since 作連詞引導時間狀語從句的用法。一、若 since 引導的

6、狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性的過去時，則從句表示的時間是 “從動作開始的那一時刻起”。如：自從他來到我們學校，他學習He has studied very hard since he came to our school. 就非常努力。自從他們離開這里，我們就一直很想We have been missing them since they left here 念他們。這是最常見的一種用法，此處不再多述。二、若 since 引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞的過去時時，則從句表示的時間是 “從那持續(xù)動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起” 。如：I haven t heard any noise

7、since I slept. Sleep 為持續(xù)性動詞， sleep 的動作結(jié)束時， 即 “醒來 ” 時，這句應(yīng)譯為 “我醒后還未聽到任何聲音” 。John is now with his parents in New York, it is already three years since he was a teacher 約翰現(xiàn)在和父母一起住在紐約，他不當教師已經(jīng)三年了。本文開始出現(xiàn)的那個句子就可以譯為 “自從我離開上海，就再也沒有收到他的信。 ”這種譯法常被人們誤用，我們不妨再多舉幾個例子看看：How long is it since you lived in Shanghai?你離開

8、（沒住在）上海多久了？It is half a month since he was a League member.他退團（不當團員）半個月了。It s been quite some time since I was last in London我離開倫敦已很長時間了。比較： He has written to me frequently since I was ill. 自從我病愈以來，他屢次給 我寫信。（從句謂語為狀態(tài)動詞）自從我生病以來，他就屢次給我寫He has written to me frequently since I fell ill. 信。（從句謂語為終止性動詞）三、若

9、 since 引導的狀語從句的謂語為持續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時，則表示動作和狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（說話時刻），其表示的時間的起點應(yīng)從動作發(fā)生之時算起。如：I haven t heard from him since he has lived there這里 has lived 表示動作的持續(xù)性，時間的起點應(yīng)從： “開始居住 ”時算起。因此此句可理解 為 “自從他（開始）住在那兒起，我就一直沒收到他的來信”。Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year 。自從我們自己有了汽 車，我們每年都去野營。試比較： 1. Since Ive b

10、een at this school, we have had three headmasters. 自從我到這所學校，我們已換了三個校長了。Since I was at this school, they have had three headmasters. 自從我離開這所學校， 他們已換了三個校長了。2.He has never been to see me since I have been ill. 自從我生病以來，他從未來看 過我。He has never been to see me since I was ill. 自從我病愈以來，他從未來看過我。由此可見， since 引導的從句持續(xù)動詞的一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的意思恰好相反。換言之，前者以肯定的語法形式反映著否定的邏輯內(nèi)容，而后者的形式與內(nèi)容是一致的。至于It is + 一段時間+since的句型與It has been +一段時間+since意思相同。前者是規(guī)范說法，后者是口語說法。應(yīng)注意的是， 在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中， since 引導的從句絕對不能用否定式的謂語動詞來表示否定意義，下面兩句都錯了：It is a long time since he didnt st