[建筑]高速鐵路論文：京滬高速鐵路沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析

1、 高速鐵路論文：京滬高速鐵路沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析【中文摘要】京滬高速鐵路通過地區(qū)中,絕大部分地區(qū)存在著較為嚴重的區(qū)域沉降問題,控制區(qū)域沉降地區(qū)線下工程的沉降變形是提供高平順性和高穩(wěn)定性軌道的首要條件。目前,國內外還缺乏在區(qū)域沉降地區(qū)修建高速鐵路的經(jīng)驗,對于高速鐵路的沉降監(jiān)測,急需有效的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法和實測數(shù)據(jù)分析。本文在沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)處理和分析兩方面進行深入研究,為京滬高速鐵路安全穩(wěn)定通過區(qū)域沉降地區(qū)提供有效的理論和數(shù)據(jù)支撐。在數(shù)據(jù)處理方面,針對目前沉降監(jiān)測中無有效的粗差定位和斷高處理方法,導致沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)質量降低的情況,首先利用卡爾曼濾波對高差數(shù)據(jù)進行粗差探測,有效定位出粗差；再提出卡爾曼迭代

2、濾波法,使用高差數(shù)據(jù)修復斷高,該方法精度遠遠優(yōu)于目前使用的歸“0”法,有效解決了沉降監(jiān)測斷高問題。通過粗差定位和斷高處理,顯著提高了沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的質量,這對后期的沉降評估分析有實用價值。在沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)分析方面,重點對目前缺少研究的工程沉降數(shù)據(jù)和區(qū)域沉降與工程沉降綜合影響進行分析。在工程沉降數(shù)據(jù)方面,分析了區(qū)域沉降地區(qū)橋墩工程沉降值與工作基點埋深的關系,得出目前的橋墩觀測方法不完善的結論,針對目前的沉降監(jiān)測方法無法解決的橋墩出現(xiàn)“上升”的情況,提出使用“矩形法”監(jiān)測高差變化的方案,為解決這個沉降監(jiān)測難題奠定了基礎。在區(qū)域沉降與工程沉降綜合影響分析方面,針對目前工作基點與復測后水準點的聯(lián)測數(shù)據(jù)缺乏

3、,導致無法對區(qū)域沉降與工程沉降的綜合影響進行分析的情況,采用工程沉降和區(qū)域沉降疊加模型,根據(jù)該模型分析沉降總量、線路附加坡度、坡度差以及對線路高程定位的影響。本文研究成果對京滬高速鐵路區(qū)域沉降地區(qū)的施工建設和運營維護有一定參考價值?！居⑽恼縏he area which Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway goes through most has the serious problem of ground settlement. The controlling deformations of railway engineering in ground s

4、ettlement area are the prime condition to provide high ride comfort and high stability track. At present, there is lack of the experience of building high-speed railway through ground settlement area in our country. The effective method of data process and analysis of measured data for settlement mo

5、nitoring of high-speed railway is urgently need. The process and analysis of settlement monitoring data is further researched to provide effective theory and data support for Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway going through ground settlement area safety and stability in this paper.In respect of dat

6、a process, there are no effective methods for gross error position and broken height process in settlement monitoring at present. This reduces the quality of settlement monitoring data. According to this situation, the Kalman filtering is firstly used to effectively detecte gross error in settlement

7、 monitoring data. Then the Kalman interactive filtering method and height difference data are used to modify broken height. The experimental results show that the proposed method effectively solves the problem of broken height and its precision is far more than return zero method which is currently

8、used. The methods of gross error position and broken height process in this paper effectively improve the quality of settlement monitoring data and has practical value in settlement evaluation.In respect of data analysis, the comprehensive effect both ground settlement and engineering settlement, wh

9、ich were lack of researches, is primary studied in this paper. In respect of analysis of engineering settlement, the relationship of engineering settlement value of bridge and the buried depth of working benchmark point is analyzed, and get the conclusion that current settlement observation of bridg

10、e in ground settlement area is not perfect. Then, the “rectangular method” is used to monitor height difference change according to parts of bridges appear “rise” situation, which lays the foundation to solve this “rise” problem. In respect of analysis of comprehensive effect, according to the situa

11、tion of lack of the conneting measurement data between working benchmark points and basic benchmark points when they were repetition measured, a composition model of ground settlement and engineering settlement is put forward. The model can get the settlement value of railway engineerings, ground sl

12、ope, difference of slope and their influence to elevation for railroading.These research results would have some help for construction and operation maintenance of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway in ground settlement area.【關鍵詞】高速鐵路 沉降監(jiān)測 區(qū)域沉降 工程沉降 卡爾曼濾波 斷高【英文關鍵詞】high-speed railway settlement moni

13、toring ground settlement engineering settlement Kalman filtering broken height【目錄】京滬高速鐵路沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析 摘要 6-7 Abstract 7 第1章 緒論 10-14 1.1 研究背景及意義 10-11 1.2 國內外研究現(xiàn)狀 11-13 1.2.1 區(qū)域沉降理論研究 11 1.2.2 區(qū)域沉降監(jiān)測技術研究 11-12 1.2.3 高速鐵路沉降監(jiān)測 12-13 1.3 論文目標及內容 13 1.4 論文結構 13-14 第2章 沉降監(jiān)測技術 14-19 2.1 沉降監(jiān)測基本內容 14 2.1.1 不同

14、線下工程的沉降監(jiān)測內容 14 2.1.2 沉降監(jiān)測的基本要求 14 2.2 沉降監(jiān)測網(wǎng)的建立 14-17 2.2.1 沉降監(jiān)測技術要求 14-15 2.2.2 沉降變形測量點布設要求 15-16 2.2.3 沉降監(jiān)測網(wǎng)測量實施要求 16-17 2.3 高速鐵路沉降評估 17-19 2.3.1 沉降評估基本思想 17 2.3.2 沉降評估控制指標 17-18 2.3.3 沉降評估方法 18-19 第3章 沉降數(shù)據(jù)處理 19-39 3.1 常用方法 19-20 3.1.1 回歸分析法 19 3.1.2 時間序列分析 19 3.1.3 灰色系統(tǒng)理論 19 3.1.4 人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡 19-20 3.1

15、.5 卡爾曼濾波 20 3.2 卡爾曼濾波模型 20-24 3.2.1 卡爾曼濾波基本理論 20 3.2.2 卡爾曼濾波基本方程 20-22 3.2.3 卡爾曼濾波建模 22-24 3.2.4 卡爾曼濾波精度評定 24 3.3 卡爾曼濾波在粗差探測中的應用 24-27 3.3.1 沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)粗差 24-25 3.3.2 粗差探測 25 3.3.3 數(shù)據(jù)分析 25-27 3.4 卡爾曼濾波在斷高處理中的應用 27-39 3.4.1 斷高定義 27 3.4.2 使用高程數(shù)據(jù)修復斷高 27-28 3.4.3 使用高差數(shù)據(jù)修復斷高 28-31 3.4.4 數(shù)據(jù)分析 31-39 第4章 沉降數(shù)據(jù)分析及測量研究 39-59 4.1 區(qū)域沉降數(shù)據(jù)分析 39-47 4.1.1 區(qū)域沉降對地面標高和坡度的影響 39-40 4.1.2 區(qū)域沉降對軌道平順性影響 40-42 4.1.3 試驗區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)分析 42-47 4.2 工程沉降數(shù)據(jù)分析 47-51 4.2.1 工作基點修正研究 48-49 4.2.2 工程沉降值與工作基點埋深的關系 49-50 4.2.