【轉(zhuǎn)】高考英語(yǔ)陷阱題總結(jié)歸納――定語(yǔ)從句

1、高考英語(yǔ)陷阱題總結(jié)歸納 定語(yǔ)從句典型陷阱題分析1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易誤選 A 或 B ,將 A 、 B 中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)。 【分析】最佳答案是 C , around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由 “ 介詞 +which” 引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而在該從句中,主語(yǔ)是 high mountains , ar

2、ound which 是表 語(yǔ),所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù) were ,而不是用單數(shù) was. 請(qǐng)做以下類例題目(答案均為 C : (1 Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are(2 The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police sta tion.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

3、(3 Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaura nts where we can have Chinese food.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital aroun d _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand ? ”A. that B. which C. w

4、here D. what【陷阱】容易誤選 B ,認(rèn)為 around 是介詞,選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital , 在此用作介詞 around 的賓語(yǔ)?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧?C 。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò),但問(wèn)題是,照此分析,此句的意思即 為:有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院, 我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情 理,因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷,而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是:句中 的 around 不是介詞,而是副詞,意為 “ 在附近 ” ;其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其 前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital ,句意為:附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院,我可以去治我

5、的手傷?3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every mon th.A. It B. As C. That D. What【陷阱】容易誤選 A ,認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘?B 。 as 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。比較下面一題:_ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once eve ry month.A. It B. As C. That D. What此題答案選 A , it 為形式主語(yǔ),

6、真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的 that 從句。再比較下面一組題,其中第(1題選 B ,第(2題選 D :(1 _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school i s increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It(2 _ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior scho ol is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It4. David is such a good b

7、oy _ all the teachers like.A. that B. who C. as D. whom【陷阱】此題容易誤選 A ,許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的 such ,再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that ,便 認(rèn)為這是考查 such that 句式。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。【分析】最佳答案為 C ,不是 A ,因?yàn)樵?such that (如此 以至 結(jié)構(gòu)中, that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句, 并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分, 若在上句填入 such that ,句末的動(dòng)詞 like 缺賓語(yǔ)。選 C 的理由如下:as 用作關(guān)系代詞,用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從 句, 修飾其前的名詞 boy , 同

8、時(shí) as 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞 like 的賓語(yǔ), 句意為 “ 所有老師 都喜歡的一位好男孩 ” 。 有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問(wèn), 假若選 A , 能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ) 從句的關(guān)系代詞呢?不能, 因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時(shí), 其后的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代 詞 as 來(lái)引導(dǎo),而不用 that. 比較下面一題,答案為 A ,因?yàn)?like 后有自己的賓語(yǔ) him : David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.A. that B. who C. as D. whom請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}(答案選 D :It was not suc

9、h a good dinner _ she had promised us.A. like B. that C. which D. as5. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry cro wd.A. that B. it C. them D. which【陷阱】容易誤選 C ,用 them 代指 the buses.【分析】最佳答案是 D 。 most of which were already full 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾 the buses. 類似地,以下各題也選 D :(1 His h

10、ouse, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. that B. it C. them D. which(2 Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which(3 This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. that B. it C. them D. which類似地,以下各題選 whom ,不選 them

11、:(4 George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted pe rson.A. that B. him C. them D. whom(5 Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom(6 I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D

12、. whom6. He had thousands of students, many of _ gained great success in their own field.A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 B ,用 them 代指 students.【分析】最佳答案是 A , many of whom gained great success in their own field 為 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 假若在 many of 的前面加上連詞 and , 則選答案 B. 比較以下各題 (答 案均選 A :(1 He asked a lot o

13、f questions, none of _ was easy to answer.A. which B. them C. what D. that(2 He asked a lot of questions, and none of _ was easy to answer.A. them B. which C. what D. that(3 He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. whom B. them C. which D. who(4 He told

14、me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _ knew any thing about the other.A. them B. whom C. which D. who7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 A ,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。【分析】最佳答案是 B ,這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)榭崭?后的動(dòng)詞 invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ),

15、而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然,假若在 invited 前加 上助動(dòng)詞 were ,則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,答案便應(yīng)選 A. 比較:(1 They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選 B , none of them carried out in their work 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu), 其中的 carried out 為過(guò)去分詞。(2 They put forward a lot of plans at th

16、e meeting, none of _ were car ried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選 A , none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,注意 與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞 were.(3 They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ wer e carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答

17、案選 B ,由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞 but ,使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句。 8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that【陷阱】容易誤選 B ,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。【分析】最佳答案是 A. 與上面一題相似, their parents seated together joking 不是非 限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu), 因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 seated 不是謂語(yǔ)

18、,而是一個(gè) 過(guò)去分詞,因?yàn)?seat 作動(dòng)詞用時(shí),是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題:(1 On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ par ents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選 B.whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)槠浜笥?完整的謂語(yǔ) were seated.(2 On Sundays there were a lot of children p

19、laying in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選 A. 因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞 and ,整個(gè)句子為并列句。(3 On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選 A.their parents sitting together joking 為

20、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(4 On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ par ents sat together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選 B.whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) sat.(5 On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ par ents were sitting together jok

21、ing.A. their B. whose C. which D. that選 B.whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 因?yàn)榫渲杏型?整的謂語(yǔ) were sitting.9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that【陷阱】容易誤選 A 或 B ,誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！痉治觥空_答案為 D ,注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句,

22、that 在此代表前文所述的情況, 用作主句的主語(yǔ)。 類似地,下面幾道題也選 that ,而不選 which :(1 If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK.A. as B. which C. and it D. that(2 If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15.A. as B. which C. what D. that(3 Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me.A. that B. which C. and it D

23、. so(4 When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating.A. as B. which C. what D. that10. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a s ecretary in our company.A. which B. when C. how D. where【陷阱】容易誤選 B ,機(jī)械地認(rèn)為時(shí)間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞 when ,地點(diǎn)名詞后用關(guān)系 副詞 where.【分析】正確答案為 A. 在時(shí)間名詞和地點(diǎn)名詞后是否用關(guān)系副

24、詞要看它在定語(yǔ)從句中充 當(dāng)什么句子成分。 一般說(shuō)來(lái), 若用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ), 用關(guān)系代詞; 若用作狀語(yǔ), 則用關(guān)系副詞。 上面一題中的動(dòng)詞 spent 缺賓語(yǔ), 故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 which 或 that. 比較下面一題, 由于空格 后的句子不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),所以選關(guān)系副詞 when :She says that shell never forget the time _ she works as a secretary in our company.A. which B. when C. how D. where請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆唤M試題(答案均選 A :(1 Our company will move to

25、 a tall building _ we bought last month. A. which B. when C. how D. where選 A , which 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞 bought 的賓語(yǔ)。(2 Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete. A. which B. when C. how D. where選 A , which 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作主語(yǔ)。(3 Our company will move to a tall building _ we worked two years a

26、go.A. where B. when C. that D. which選 A , where 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ)。精編陷阱題訓(xùn)練1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest.A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. once gre w2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _ many pe ople have gon

27、e home.A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time3. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why h e explained4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our wa y.A. it B. that C. this

28、D. which5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _ efforts he still suffers.A. which B. that C. whose D. what6. Its said that hes looking for a new job, one _ he can get more money to support his family.A. when B. where C. that D. which7. We are living in an age _ many things ar

29、e done on computer.A. which B. that C. whose D. when8. The little time we have together well try _ wisely.A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that9. The old building, behind _ was a famous church, was _ we use d to work.A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, w

30、he re10. We will be shown around the city :schools, museums, and some other plac es, _ other visitors seldom go.A. what B. which C. where D. when11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, _ the country became unite d.A. when B. if C. since D. until12. All of the flowers now raised here have de

31、veloped from those _ in theforest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew 13. You could see the runners very well from _ we stood. A. which B. where C. that D. when 14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which

32、C. its price D. the pric e of whose 15. What have you got _ will help a cold？ A. what B. that C. it D. who 16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _ he spoke to me. A. how B. that C. what D. which 17. Do you know the man from _ house the pictures were stolen？ A. which B. that C. what

33、D. whose 18. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 19. Is this all that you need？ If you married me, Id give you everything you _ _. A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. are wanting 20.

34、I met the teacher in the street yesterday _ taught me English three years ago. A. which B. when C. where D. who 21. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control ov er the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 22. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importa

35、nce to scienc e. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is 23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _ they faced many years

36、ag o. A. that B. which C. that which D. it 25. I saw some trees the leaves of _ were black with disease. A. that B. which C. it D. what 26. The famous basketballer, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who 27. When they went into the shop and asked t

37、o look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _ she had arranged with James. A. the which was what B. what was that C. which was what D. t hat was that 答案與解析 1. 選 C.先行詞是 those，可視為 those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了關(guān) 系代詞 which.全句意為：這兒所養(yǎng)的花是由他們?cè)谏掷锓N植的花培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的。 2. 選 D.by which ti

38、me 引出的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其中 by which time 相當(dāng)于 and by that time. 3. 選 A.注意不能選 D，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞 explained 缺賓語(yǔ)。 4. 選 D.which 指 the road map. 5. 選 C.from whose efforts he still suffers 為修飾 a serious illness 的定語(yǔ)從句， wh ose 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作定語(yǔ)，修飾 efforts. 6. 選 B.where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾 one.注：one 在此指 a new job.類似地，下面一題的答 案是 C，因?yàn)?one that 相當(dāng)于

39、 a problem that： The problem is _ has caused us a lot of trouble. A. one B. that C. one that D. that one 7. 選 D.先行詞是表時(shí)間的 age（時(shí)代），由于關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故用 whe n. 8. 選 C.該句的正常詞序?yàn)?We will try to spend the little time we have together w isely. 9. 選 C.第一空填 which，指 the old building；第二空填 where，用以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 10. 選 C.先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞 places，由于關(guān)