八大時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)

1、英語的時(shí)態(tài)（tense）是一種動(dòng)詞形式，不同的時(shí)態(tài)用以表示不同的時(shí)間與方式，下面就英語中常見的八種基本時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行闡述，其它的時(shí)態(tài)都是在這八種時(shí)態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合而成的。 一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。2.時(shí)間狀語： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要加（e）S）4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don'

2、t,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。5.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。6.例句：. It seldom（很少） snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.6. 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則 動(dòng)詞第三人稱變化的規(guī)則與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化的規(guī)則相同。 規(guī)則一、一般在詞尾加-s。 如：looks, puts. reads, sees, skis等。 規(guī)則二、以-o, -s, -x, -s

3、h, -ch結(jié)尾的加-es。 如：goes, does, misses, passes, mixes, fixes, pushes, wishes, watches, teaches,等。 規(guī)則三、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-es。注意一定是輔音字母加y才變，若是元音字母加y，則直接加-s。 如：fly flies, try tries, fry fries, copy copies buy buys, enjoy enjoys, play plays, say says, pay pays二、 一般過去時(shí)：1.概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。2

4、.時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did 提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。6.例句：She often came to help u

5、s in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。2.時(shí)間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。6.例句： How are you feeling today?He is doing well in his lessons.四、 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：1.概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

6、2.時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.5.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.時(shí)間狀語：r

7、ecently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done4.否定形式：have/has + not +d one.5.一般疑問句：have或has。6.例句：I've written an article.It has been raining these days.六、 過去完成時(shí)：1.概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。2.時(shí)間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month),e

8、tc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.4.否定形式：had + not + done.5.一般疑問句：had放于句首。6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books七、 一般將來時(shí)：1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。2.時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after t

9、omorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.補(bǔ)充說明:1.有些詞如:go(去),come(來),leave(離開),start(開始)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí). 例如:(1)She is coming h

10、ere tomorrow. 她明天將要來這兒. (2).When are you leaving here? 你什么時(shí)間將要離開這兒?2."Be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+." 表示一個(gè)事先考慮好的意圖,相當(dāng)于文中的"打算,計(jì)劃,準(zhǔn)備"例如:(1).I am going to spend my holiday in Beijing.(這里不能用will) 我打算在北京度假. (2).Where are you going to spend your holiday? 你將要到哪兒度假?3. 客觀難以改變的事實(shí),用will,而不用be going to

11、.例如:(1).It will rain tomorrow. 明天將要下雨. (2).It will be Teachers' Day the day after tomorrow. 后天將是教師節(jié). (3).My birthday will come. 我生日將要到了.八、 過去將來時(shí)：1.概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。2.時(shí)間狀語：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.4.否定形式：

12、was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)鞏固 1. 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的三單形式 go_ catch_ brush（刷）_ wash_ do_ like_ have_ watch_ drink _ fly_ say_ learn _ eat_ read_ sing_ buy_ study_ s

13、tay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _ come_plant(種植)_ teach_ buy_ 2. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. We often_(play) in the playground. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3. _you_(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school? 5. Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths, Science and Art at school

14、. 6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she often_(watch) TV with his parents. 8. _ Mike_(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday? 10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework? 3. 選擇題 ( )1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning.

15、A. go B. going C. goes ( )2. They _books every day in the library. A. reads B. read C. reading ( )3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much. A. like B. likes C. liking ( )4. My father _to read newspaper after supper every day. A. like B. likes C. liking ( )5. I like watching TV, but my mother _like it

16、. A. dont B. doesnt C. does ( )6. _ your father drink milk every day? A. do B. are C. does （ ）7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A. don't rain B. didn't rain C.doesn't rain D. isn't rain （ ）8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set

17、D rise; sets （ ）9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music. A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking listen （ ）10. Jenny_ English every evening. A has study B studies C study D studied 4. 改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3

18、. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _ 5. 把下列句子變成一般疑問句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句 例：I like cooking. Do you like cooking? Yes, I do. No, I don't. I don't like cooking. 1. My friends like playing soccer. 2. They speak English ever

19、y day. 3. Daniel watches TV every evening 4. John is from Canada. 5. Tom does his homework at home. 6. My dog runs fast. 7. Amy likes playing computer games. 8. She can play the piano well.一般過去時(shí)態(tài)鞏固練習(xí)1、 單項(xiàng)選擇( )1 My fatherill yesterday A isn't B aren't C wasn't D weren't ( )2 your pare

20、nts at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were ( )3 The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was ( )4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天） A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after ( )5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes, I was D

21、 No, I wasn't ( )6. I cleaned my classroom _. A. with three hours B. three hours ago C. in three hours D. three hours before ( ) 7. I came _ my house two days ago . A. back on B. back to C. to back D. back ( ) 8 . _? He did some reading at home. A. What does your father do yesterday evening B. W

22、hat does your brother do in the school C. What did your brother do over the weekend D. Where did your brother go last Sunday ( ) 9. What did you do _ ? I went to the movies. A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday ( ) 10. The koala sleeps _，but gets up _. A. during the day; a

23、t the evening B. at day during night C. in the day during the evening D.during the day at night 2、 請用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空 1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _. 3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book.

24、4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year. 7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night. 8. _ Mr. Li _(

25、do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _. 9. How _(be) Jim's weekend? It _(be not) bad. 10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she _. 3、 翻譯下列句子 1. 我過了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。 I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend. 2. Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。 Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night. 3. Emma每

26、天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤]有看。 Emma_ TV every day. But he _ _ _ yesterday. 4. 上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購物了。 What _ they _ _ Saturday? They _ _ homework and _ _. 5. 今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。 This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday. 6. 你還有什么要說的？ What _ would you like _ _? 7. 放學(xué)別忘了向老師說聲再見。 Dont forget _ _ _

27、 _ the teacher. 8. 為什么你昨晚沒有看電視？ Why _ you _ TV last night? 9. 他在打掃教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。 When he _ the classroom, he _ a watch on the ground. 10. 他什么時(shí)候出生的？1980年。 -When _ he _? -_ 1980. 4、 改寫句子 1、 Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home. 2、 He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑

28、問句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 3、 There was some orange in the cup.（變一般疑問句)_ there _ orange in the cup? 4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑問句） _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 5. Why not go out for a walk? （同義句） _ _ _ out for a walk? 6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this boo

29、k. （否定句） Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book. 7. My family went to the beach last week. （劃線提問） _ _ _ family _ last week? 8. I think she is Lilys sister. （否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移）_ 9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _ often _ some reading in the morning. 10. He is a tall, thin boy. （劃線提問） _ _ h

30、e _ _? 5、 改錯(cuò)題 1 How is Jane yesterday? _ 2 He go to school by bus last week. _ 3 He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _ 4 I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5 Did you saw him just now. _ 6 Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _ 7 I didnt my homework yesterday. _ 8 He wait for you three hours ago. _ 9 Wh

31、o find it just now ? _ 10.What make him cry (哭) just now? _一般將來時(shí)鞏固練習(xí) 1.用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.(1).The library is too old.They_ (build) a new one.(2).It _ (be) 2009 next year.(3).-What_you_(be)when you grow up? -I'm going to be an actor.(4).Teachers' Day is coming.I_(give) our teachers some flowers.(5).Sh

32、e _ (spend) her holiday in Beijing.(6).It_(rain) tomorrow.(7)."Are they going to have a welcome party?""Yes, we _(be)"(8).The day after tomorrow it _ Teachers' Day.(be)2.句型轉(zhuǎn)換:(1).The girls are going to take acting lessons.(改為否定句)The girls_ _ to take acting lessons.(2).The stu

33、dents have a school trip in spring.(用next week 改寫)The students _ _ _ _ a school trip next week.(3).They are going to meet outside the school gate.(劃線提問)_ _ they going to meet?3.用be going to,wants,或how填空.(1).Taku _ be an actor then he grows up.(2).What is Manuel _ be when he grows up?(3).He _ to be a

34、n engineer.(4)._ is he going to do that?(5).He's _ study maths really hard.(6).He _ to get good grades in maths.4.翻譯句子:(1).明天我將要看望我的爺爺._.(2).后天李明將要去北京._.(3).下個(gè)星期天將要下雨._.(4).明天你將要做什么?_?(5).后天是教師節(jié)._.（6）下個(gè)月我將要舉行一個(gè)生日晚會(huì)。_（7）。明天將有一場排球比賽。_.(8).在未來在人們的家庭將有機(jī)器人._.(9).在一百年以后世界上將僅有一個(gè)國家._.(10)學(xué)生們將在家在電腦上學(xué)習(xí)._.

35、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí) 一、按要求改寫句子 1. The boy is playing basketball. 否定句：_the boy is not playing basketball_ 一般疑問句：_is the boy playing basketball_ 肯定回答：_yes ，it is_否定回答：_no，he is not _ 對“ The boy”提問：_ 2. 造句: 1).she,the window,open,now.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.)_she is opening the window now_ 2) .is,who,the window,cleaning?(連詞成句)

36、_ 3) .She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)_ 4. )You are doing your homework.(用"I"作主語改寫句子)_ 5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.)_ 6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑問句)_ 二、單項(xiàng)選擇 （ ）1.我在照看孩子. (A) I am looking after the baby.(B)I'm look aftering the baby. (C)I lo

37、ok am aftering the baby.(D)I looking after the baby. ( )2._friend's making_a kite. (A) I,me (B)My,my (C)My,me (D)His,his ( )3.Is the woman wearing_ yellow your teacher? (A) in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having ( )4.Look!The twins_their mother do the housework. (A) are wanting (B)help(C)are help

38、ing (D)are looking ( )5._are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree. (A) Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where ( )6.Is she_something? (A) eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats ( )7.你在干什么? (A) What is you doing? (B)What are you do? (C)What are you doing? (D)What do you do? ( )8.What are you listening_? (A) / (

39、B)for (C)at (D)to ( )9.我正在聽他說話. (A) I listening to him. (B)I'm listening to him. (C)I'm listen to him. (D)I'm listening him. ( )10.They are_their clothes. (A) makeing (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting on ( )11.Listen! She_in the classroom. (A) is singing (B)sing (C)to sing (D)is sing ( )

40、12.Today Jim_ his white shirt and brown trousers. (A) is putting on (B)wear (C)put on (D)is wearing ( )13._are you eating?I'm eating_meat. (A)What,some (B)Which,any (C)Where,not (D)What,a ( )14.They_TV in the evening.They do their homework. (A) are watching (B)can't watching (C)don't wat

41、ch (D)don't watching ( )15.The children_football. (A) is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a ( )16.They are flying kites. (A) 他們喜歡放風(fēng)箏. (B)他們在放風(fēng)箏嗎? (C)他們在放風(fēng)箏. (D)他們常放風(fēng)箏. ( )17.Look,They are swimming in the river. I want_you. (A) to go with (B)go with (C)helping (D)help ( )18.Look.Lucy is

42、_a new bike today. (A) jumping (B)running (C)riding (D)takeing 3、 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子: 1. What_you_(do)? 2. I_(sing) an English song. 3. What_he_(mend)? 4. He_(mend) a car. 5._you_(fly) a kite?Yes,_. 6._she_(sit) in the boat? 7._you_(ask) questions? 8.We_(play) games now.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1、 單項(xiàng)選擇。1、Both his parents

43、 look sad . Maybe they _what's happened to him. A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai， has he ？A. already B.never C.ever D. Still3、Have you met Mr Li _？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year. A. is writi

44、ng B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5、Our country _ a lot so far. Yes. I hope it will be even _. A. has changed ； well B. changed ； good C. has changed ； better D. changed ； better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years. A. was ； studying B. will ； study C. has ； studied D. are ； studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see9、