第九章動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

1、第九章動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)串講】條理清晰輕松把握一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，或說明主語的特征。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子中常有的時(shí)間狀語：often, usually, always, sometimes , seldom, every day（week, year, night）, twice a mon th 表示客觀真理、事實(shí)、人的技能或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)時(shí)句子里一般不用時(shí)間狀語。3. Our teacher said lightfaster than sou nd. （2007 年宿遷）A. travelled B. has travelledC. is travelli ng

2、D. travels 表示十分確定會(huì)發(fā)生（如安排好的事情）或按照時(shí)間表進(jìn)行的事情，用一般現(xiàn) 在可以表達(dá)將來，句子中可以有將來時(shí)間。e.g. The train comes at 3 o'clock.Tomorrow is Sun day.某些動(dòng)詞女口 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start等， 在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句中可用來表示將來肯定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 在時(shí)間狀語從句中（以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)）和條 件狀語從句中（以if, unle

3、ss引導(dǎo)）,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。ril help you as soon as you have problem.只要你有困難我就會(huì)幫助你。Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.如果你碰見小李，告訴他這件事情e.g. 1）.Mum,shall we have lun ch?We will have it when your dad.（ 2007 年連云港）A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return D. when; will return2）I will say "I

4、love you, Daddy" as soon as heup. （ 2007 年南通）A. will wake B. is waki ng C. wakes D. woke備注：在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句中，如果主語是第三人稱時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要進(jìn)行變化，變化規(guī)則如下：1）一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后面直接加-s.例如：works gets says reads2）以ch,sh,s,x或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在后面加-eso例如：goes teaches washes3）以輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)閕再加-es.例如：studies tries carries動(dòng)詞have遇有主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，have改為h

5、a& 例如：He has an interesting book.Our classroom has two doors.動(dòng)詞 be 遇有主語是第一人稱單數(shù)時(shí)， be 改為 am 遇有主語是第二人稱 時(shí)， be 改為 are, 遇有主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)， be 改為 is.I'm a student and he is a student, too.We are all students.經(jīng)典考點(diǎn)回放（1）If I find his phone number, I _ you.（2009 北京） A. tell B. told C. will tell D. have told

6、（2）- Do you often plant trees in spring?-Yes. Many trees in our school every year.（2009長沙）A. plant B. have planted C. are planting D. are planted（3）- Sam, do you know if Alice _ to my party next week?-I thi nk she will come if shefree.（2009 福州）A. comes; is B. comes; will beC. will come; is D. will c

7、ome; will be（4） We'll go for a picnic if it tomorrow.（2009 長春）A. won'trainB. doesn'train C. rained D. rains The newsvery in teresti ng ! Tell me more!（2009湖 北）A. is B. areC. wasD. were（6） Mr. Green won 'leave here until his wifeback tomorrow.（2009吉林）A. come B. cameC. will comeD. come

8、s（ 7） -Can I help you ?-I bought this watch here yesterday, but itwork.（2009江 西）A. won'tB. didn'tC. doesn'tD. wouldn't（8）After the meeting, we will have a party. If you _ free , come and join us.（2009 貴陽）A. are B. will beC. wereD. was（9）We will go camping if it this Sunday. （2009福建）A

9、. won'trainB. isn'trainingC. doesn'trainD. wouldn'train（ 10） - What does your sister like doing in her spare time?-Shewatchi ng TV（2009 武漢）A. likes B. likedC. has likedD. had liked（11）- Do you have any problems if you this job?- Well, I 'm thinking about the working day. （2009南京）

10、A. offer B. will offerC. are offered D. will be offered（12）I used to love this film when I was young, but I _ it that way any more. （2009 南京 ）A. don'tfeelB. didn'tfeelC. haven'tfeltD. hadn'tfelt（13）I will call you as soon as I _ the ticket t the football match.（2009陜西）A. get B. will

11、get C. got D. am getting （15） -The government here is better than before. - I agree. There _ less pollution now. （2009南寧 ） A. areB. is C. was D. were16）- Dad, can we bring the dog with us to the theatre? -Sorry. Pets _ to enter. （2009南寧 ）A. are askedB. aren't askedC. are allowed D. aren't al

12、lowed（17） A large number of engineers to Africa by our government to help thepeople there every year. （2009山西 ）A. have sent B. will sent C. are sent D. were sent （ 18） - It 's raining , Daisy. Please an umbrella with you.- Thanks. I'll return it to you when I _ next week.（2009 廣東 ） A. take;

13、come B. take; will comeC. bring; comeD. bring; will come（19） If you him, he will help you. （2009 海南 ）A. askedB. ask C. will ask D. are asked二、一般過去時(shí)表示過去 某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) ,這種動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性 ,也可能經(jīng)常發(fā) 生。用法: (1) 過去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)(2) 不具體的過去時(shí)間內(nèi) ,經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作(3) 上下文Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch.My watch！ Thank

14、you. Where it?(2006 年紹興)A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you findingI'm sorry you have missed the bus. It five minutes ago.What a pity! (2006 年徐州)A. was leaving B. has left C. left D. leaves備注：一般過去式構(gòu)成 ： 表示一般過去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過去式形式來表示， 而動(dòng)詞的過去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。 動(dòng)詞的過去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。

15、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化如下：一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾 加 -ed 。worked played wanted acted以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d。lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped以輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i再加-ed。studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed。stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planne

16、d dotted dripped 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，須多加記憶。go - went make - made get - gotbuy - bought come - came fly-flew真題：(1)Theyher to the party, so she was very happy.(2009匕京)A. am inviting B. invited C. invite D. will invit(2) The silk boyto the hospital by the police yesterday.(200g匕京)A. is taken B. was taken

17、C. takes D. took(3) It's common knowledge that black tea in China more than 600 yearsago.(2009沈陽)A. is invented B. invents C. was invented D. invented( 4) -Jimmy lost his key yesterday.-, it'his third time in just o ne mo nth.(2009杭州)A. Has he B. Did he C. Was he D. Does he(5) Nicka job in a

18、 bank, but to our surprise , he did'take it.(2009 杭州)A. is offered B. offered C. was offered D. has offered(6) Many housesin the big fire a few days ago. What a shame!(200上海)A. were damaged B. damage C. were damaging D. damaged(7) The new library buildinglast week.(2009廣東)A. was completedB. is c

19、ompletedC. completedD. has completed(8) Ithe wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?湖 北)A. write B. wrote C. are writing D. will write(9) Many beautiful buildings in our city last year. (2009吉林)A. are built B. is built C. were built D. were built六、 一般將來時(shí) 表示將來 某一時(shí)刻或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 用 will 構(gòu)成的將來時(shí) ,有時(shí)表示一種客觀趨勢 T

20、he workers will build a school here next year. am/is/are going to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算或準(zhǔn)備要做的事情，或者主觀判斷即 將要發(fā)生的事情 ,I am going to Beijing next week.而“ am/is/are to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示安排或計(jì)劃中的動(dòng)作。表示一個(gè)人臨時(shí)決定 要做某事 ,可以用 will 表達(dá)。We are to meet the guests at the station.They are about to leave.e.g.1） "Ann is in hospital."&qu

21、ot;Yes, I know. I her tomorrow." （2007 年鹽城）A. visitB. used to visit C. will visitD. am going to visit2）. Mr. Smitha talk on country music next Monday. （2007 年北京）A. giveB. gave C. has givenD. will give3）. You've left the light on Oh, sorryand turn it off （2006 年泰州）A. I've gone B. I'1

22、1 goC. I wentD. I'm going4）. -Joan, you are late! -Sorry, I next time. （2006年浙江 ）A. don't B. won't C. am not D. haven't四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在 正在進(jìn)行 的動(dòng)作或是現(xiàn)階段正發(fā)生而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行 的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞 be (am is are ) +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。e.g. What are you doing now?I am looking for my key.The workers are building a big

23、 library.用法 1) 現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“此時(shí)此刻”句子常有 look, listen, can you see, ca'you see等提示詞Eg. They are talking now.2) 當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Eg. They are walking these days.3) 動(dòng)詞 come, go, begin, start, move, win 等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)將要發(fā)生的事情。 Eg. I am coming4) 上下文備注： 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成方法如下 ： 一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞原形后面加 -ing.going asking

24、finding working being seeing printing raining standing studying speaking spelling以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去 -e ，再加 -ing taking firing encircling writing becoming breathing leaving 閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)詞， 或以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)詞， 這些詞的末尾只有一 個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加 -ing.sitting running getting cutting stopping beginning planning per

25、mitting真題回放1）. Where's your mother, Helen?She the flowers in the garden.（2007 年鎮(zhèn)江）A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered2）. Hurry up! It's time to leave. -OK, .（2006 年孝感）A. I'm coming B. I'll come C. I've come D. I come3）. Shall we invite Tom to play football now?Oh,

26、no. He his clothes（. 2006 年瀘州）A. is washing B. washes C. has washed D. washed3）Mr. Green to the manager now, yo'ud better call him later（2009 北京）A. talk B. talked C. is talking D. was talking（4）-Shush, be quiet! The babyin the next room.（200廣東）A. sleep B. slept C. is sleeping D. slept（ 5） - Alic

27、e, turn down the TV, please. I on the phone. （2009安徽）A. have talked B. talked C. am talking D. talk（ 6） The zoo keeper is worried becausethe number of visitors smaller andsmaller.（2009河南）A. become B. became C. is becoming D. have become五、過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示 過去某一時(shí)刻或某階段正在進(jìn)行 的動(dòng)作。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“ was或were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。用法:

28、（1） 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（2） when 或 while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的運(yùn)用3）常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語： then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday4）常和 always 等連用，表示過去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作5）上下文1）.I came to your home yesterday afternoon, but nobody was in.Oh, we s o m e shopping in the supermarke（t.2007 年南通）A. have done B.

29、 didC. were doing D. are doing2）.What do you think of the colour of my new dress?Sorry, but what did you say? I about something else（. 2007 年揚(yáng)州）A. thinkB. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking京）A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watchingC. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching4）He

30、 was still working on his project while other people _ a rest. （2009上海 ）A. were having B. are havingC. will have D. have5） When I got there, hethem to dance.（200寧夏）A. was teachingB. is teachingC. teachesD. taught6）-Did you watch the movie Nanjing! Nanjing! in the school hall last night?-Yes, though

31、ithard all the time.（2009鹽城）A. is raining B. was raining C. has rained D. had rained7）-Did you watch the football match yesterday?-Yes, I did. You know, my brotherin the match.（2009蘇州）A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. will play8）-Has your father finished his report?-Sorry, I don 'k n

32、ow. Heit this morni ng.（2009揚(yáng)州）A. wrote B. was writing C. has written D. had written9）When my father got home, I _ an e-mail to my friend. （2009）A. am sending B. sent C. was sending D. send10）Many beautiful buildings in our city last year. （2009吉林）A. are built B. is built C. were built D. were built

33、六、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)發(fā)生在 過去的、對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響 的動(dòng)作 ,或表示開始在 過去, 并且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 ,甚至還可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作 。 在完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have （has）砌詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。 表示發(fā)生在過去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有： already, yet, just,once, already, ever 表示在過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 （可能延續(xù)下去 ）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí) ,時(shí)間狀語 有：for （two years）,since 1990, since （two weeks ago和 since 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。 have been to與 have gone

34、to 的區(qū)別：have gone to（ “已經(jīng)去了” ）表示人不 在這里,have been to（“去過”）表示人在這里。have been to與 have gone to后都不 可以跟一段時(shí)間，若有一段時(shí)間用 have been in+ -Where is Mr Li? - He has gone to the UK.李先生在哪里？他去了英國。玄烏-_Do you know something about Beijing? Yes,l have been to Beijing three times.你知道北京的情況嗎？是的，我去過那里三次。Eg. Sheas an an imal t

35、rai ner si nee 2003.（200北京）A. has worked B. works C. will work D. worked（2）Iyou already that washing hands often will help prevent the A-H1N1.（2009上海）A. tellB. told C. have told D. are telli ng Miss Gao isn'here. Sheto the bus station to meet Mr. Brown.（200重慶）A. go B. would go C. has goneD. has

36、bee n（4） many students in China everto a westerner before?（20沈陽）A. Are; speak ing B. Do; speakC. Did speakD. Have; spoke n（5）Jack, I have n'tsee n you for a long time.-HeShan ghai on bus in ess for two mon ths.（200福州）A. went toB. has gone toC. has bee n toD. has bee n in（6）-Have youread the poem

37、lf- Yes, I really enjoy it. （2009 山東）A. stillB. everC. yetD. n ever（7）-What a beautiful watch！ Is it new?-No, I haveit for 2 years. （2009 山東）A. had B. soldC. borrowed D. bought（8）Hele n loves to talk about travel. Shemany places.（2009河北）A. has gone forB. has gone toC. has bee n toD. has bee n from（9

38、）Prison break is the best American TV play that Ithese years.（200安徽）A. watchB. will watchC. have watched D. was watchi ng（10）-Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight?-Tha nk you, but Iit already. （2009寧夏）A. saw B. seeC. have see n D. will see（11）-It 'said that all the tickets of th

39、e concert were sold out.-D on 'worry! Itickets on the In ternet.（2009 青海）A. have bought B. will buy C. may buy D. buy（12）-youthe film City of Life and Death（Nanjing! Nanjing!）?-No, not yet. A painful memory. I will see it this weekend. （2009云南）A. Will; see B. Are; see ingC. Have; see n D. Do; se

40、e（13）-I'm sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I here for only a few minutes. （2009寧夏）A. was B. have bee nC. will be D. am（14）-We are leaving now, Tina.-Wait a mi nute. Ithi ngs ready. （2009湖 南）A. have n'gotB. did n 'getC. don 'tgetD. am gett ing（15）- Is this the place that you

41、?-No. I' ve never been there before. （200成都）A. are visit ingB. have visited C. will visit D. visited（16）-youyour draw ing?-Not yet! It will be done in a few minutes. （2009 陜西） A. Did; fin ish B. Have; fini shedC. Will; fin ishD. Do; fin ish（17）- Hello, Mike. Long time no see, where were you?-Oh,

42、 n ot o nly my father but also IWuhan for a mon th.（2009湖 北）A. have bee n inB. have gone toC. have bee n toD. has bee n in（18）- Good eve ning. Ito see Miss Mary.-Oh, good evening. I'm sorry, but she is not in. （2009 蘭州）A. came B. have come C. come D. had come（19）- How long have you?-Sinee 1990.（

43、2009呼和浩特）A. bought the Mp3B. joi ned the armyC. become the midfield player D. lived in the tow n（20）-all the students known that our class will visit the museum thisweekend?-Yes, every studentabout it. （2009乎和浩特）A. Has; tellsB. Has; toldC. Have; was toldD. Have; were told真題再現(xiàn)】探索規(guī)律找尋突破44. Will you co

44、me to the dinner party.（ 04 安徽）I won' t come uni ess JennyA. will be in vitedB. can be in vitedC. i nvitedD. is in vited35. Is that Chris speak ing?（ 06 安徽）Sorry, he isn t in. Heabroad on bus in ess.A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go34. I called yo u at half past nine this morning, but there

45、 was no answer. （07 安 徽）-Oh, sorry, Iwith my cous in in the supermarket.A. shop B. was shopp ing C. shoppedD. will shop41. - I called you just now, but nobody answered. Where（ 08 安徽）-I was out with my mother.A. were youB. are youC. have you goneD. have youbee n49. When you leave the room, make sure

46、the door08 安徽）A. was lockedB. is locked C. will be lockedD. should belocked40. Prison Break is the best American TV play that Ithese day（.O9 安徽）A. watchB. will watchC. have watchedD. waswatch ing46. -It ' s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school09 安徽）-I thi nk a bridgeo

47、ver the river.A. was built B. is being built C. has bee n builtD. should bebuilt47. -Alice, turn down the TV, please. Ion the phone.-Oh, sorry. （09 安徽）A. have talkedB. talkedC. am talki ng D. talk47. -Vhy did n 'you go to the cin ema with us this after noon?（ 10 安徽）-Iat the stati on for my uncle

48、 from Beiji ng.A. was wait ingB. have waitedC. am wait ingD. willwait典例精析】瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo) 蓄勢待發(fā)1、誤 How long can I borrow this book?How long can I keep this book?"借"在英文中有三個(gè)詞： borrow borrow sth. From sb. 終止性動(dòng)詞 lend lend sth. To sb.終止性動(dòng)詞 keep 保存，借”持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞2、誤 The teacher said the earth moved around the sun.

49、il - The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.3、誤 What did you do at eight last night?il - What were you doing at eight last night?4、誤 When have you done this work?il - When did you do this work?優(yōu)化演練】體味經(jīng)典把握成功1、My aunt isn 'there. SheShan ghai on bus in ess. She will be back in three days.A. wentB. has gone toC. has bee n toD. will goto2、 you everChin ese moon cakes, Diana?No, n ever. But I have