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1、反義疑問(wèn)句反義疑問(wèn)句(The Disjunctive Question)又叫附加疑問(wèn)句。它表示提問(wèn)人的看法,沒(méi)有把握,需要對(duì)方證實(shí)。反義疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成:前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句,后一部分是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句,兩部分的人稱時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。1 陳述部分肯定式+疑問(wèn)部分否定式2 陳述部分否定式+疑問(wèn)部分肯定式They work hare, dont they?She was ill yesterday, wasnt she?You didnt go, did you?He cant ride a bike, can he?請(qǐng)注意以下句型的反義疑問(wèn)句的用法:1 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I , everyone
2、, everything, nobody 時(shí),后面的疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)表示為:I am a student, arent I?Everyone is in the classroom, arent they?Everything begins to grow in spring, doesnt it?Nobody will go, will they?2. 當(dāng)陳述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定詞時(shí),后面的疑問(wèn)句則表示為:There are few apples in the basket, are ther
3、e?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?3. 當(dāng)陳述部分是I think 加從句時(shí),疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)和從句的人稱時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。I think chickens can swim, cant they?I think Lucy is a good girl, isnt she?I didn't think he was happy, was he?4. 陳述部分有had better 時(shí),疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)用hadnt開頭:youd better get up early, hadnt you?5. 當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時(shí),疑問(wèn)
4、句要根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表達(dá):Lets go out for a walk, shall we?Let us go our for a walk, will you?Turn on the radio, will you?6. 反義疑問(wèn)句的回答用yes, no, 但是,當(dāng)陳述部分是否定形式時(shí),回答要按事實(shí)。如:They dont work hard, do they? 他們不太努力工作,是嗎?Yes, they do. 不, 他們工作努力。/No, they dont. 對(duì), 他們工作不努力。一、反意疑問(wèn)句的一般情況1當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no
5、 one, nobody, somebody合成代詞時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)非正式文體中往往they用。(也可以按語(yǔ)法一致原則用單數(shù)。)2當(dāng)陳述部分以one不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)在正式常場(chǎng)用one,非正式場(chǎng)合用he。3當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句、this或that,附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用it。(是those, these則用they)4當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是表示物的不定代詞everything, anything, nothing等,附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用 it。5陳述部分帶有否定詞或半否定詞,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no
6、 one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑問(wèn)句的動(dòng)詞要用肯定形式。6如果陳述部分中的否定詞僅帶有否定的前綴或后綴,那么該陳述句應(yīng)作肯定句處理,附加疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)用否定形式。二、常見句型的反意疑問(wèn)句7當(dāng)陳述部分是there be 存在句型時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)也用there。8感嘆句的附加疑問(wèn)句,其謂語(yǔ)要求用否定句。9祈使句后面的附加疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)題A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑問(wèn)句只能用will you。B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑問(wèn)句用肯定、否定均可。C) Let開頭的祈使句要注意:1.Lets 在意義上包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi),表示提出建
7、議或征求對(duì)方意見,其反意疑問(wèn)句往往用shall we。2. Let us 在意義上一般不包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi),表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許做某事的含義,let 有allow的意思。附加疑問(wèn)部分用will you。3. Let me 開頭表示請(qǐng)求,附加疑問(wèn)句用will you,或用may I。三、復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句10當(dāng)陳述部分是一個(gè)(帶that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的)主從復(fù)合句時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句的主謂要和主句的主謂保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。但是,當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是:I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要和從句的主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)保持一致關(guān)系。而
8、且要注意到否定的轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題。11當(dāng)陳述部分是Im sure that,;we are sure;Im afraid that;We are sure that;I feel sure that 等后面跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句與后面的賓語(yǔ)從句一致。12當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句的主謂語(yǔ)要和離它最近的句子的主謂保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。四、關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句13陳述部分中有have一詞,且表示“所有”含義時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句部分既可用have也可用do。14陳述部分中有have to,附加疑問(wèn)句部分用do。15含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn't /
9、oughtn't +主語(yǔ)。He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?16陳述部分有used to,附加疑問(wèn)句部分可用used 也可以用did 。17陳述部分有neednt時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句部分用need但有時(shí)也可用must。18 陳述部分有must,且表示“必須”時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句部分用mustnt,如果表示“必要”則用neednt。19陳述部分中是mustnt表示“禁止”時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句部分用must。陳述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推測(cè)意義時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句部分而是根據(jù)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或其助動(dòng)詞
10、來(lái)定。20陳述部分是I wish, 表示詢問(wèn)或征求意見,附加疑問(wèn)部分用may I。21弄清陳述句中的d rather = would rather;d better = had better附加疑問(wèn)句部分前者用would,后者用had。其它特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問(wèn)句22陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是each of.結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),附加疑問(wèn)句在強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用they,當(dāng)作個(gè)別時(shí)用he。23陳述部分有neither.nor.(either.or.)做并列主語(yǔ),附加疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?24陳述部分是:Im .結(jié)構(gòu),附加疑問(wèn)句一般用arent
11、I?25. 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?26. 陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?27. 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。You'd like to go with me,
12、wouldn't you?28. 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。She doesn't dare to go home alone, does sh 反義疑問(wèn)句練習(xí)1、Thats a model plane , _2、Theres going to
13、0; be a meeting this afternoon, _3、He has a lot of work to do , _4、They usually play football after school , _5、You had a talk with John just
14、60; now , _6、Tom didnt watch TV last night , _7、Shes been to Shanghai , _8、Mary made few mistakes in the exam , _9、He has never seen her b
15、efore , _ 10、Jack hardly goes to the cinema , _11、Uncle Wang forgot to bring your bag ,_12、Tom wants to get his TV set back , _13、Lucky had a party la
16、st Sunday , _14、Robert knows little Chinese , _15、Miss Green is going to work in London, _16、Its fine today , _17、Its going to rain this afternoon ,_18、Nobo
17、dy was looking for me , _19、He needs our help , _20、Open the windows , _21、Lets sing an English song together , _22、Let me try it a secord
18、 time , _23、Everything is ready for the party , _24、Theyll be on duty next Monday , _ 25、Youd better do it now , _26、Joans late for school
19、 , _27、Dont close the window , _28、There is little water in the jar , _29、You are going home , _30、You havent met my brother , _31、Everyone
20、; know his duty , _32、Anybody can do it , _33、She never plays ride , _34、John likes listening to the radio , _35、He didnt get any help , _
21、36、Your blouse isnt yellow , _37、There are few people on that village , _38、Allen has never been to Beijing , _39、Speak louder , _40、You dont study
22、60; Chinese , _41、Let her play the piano , _42、They have been there twice , _43、You will join the army in two months , _44、Be quiet , _答案:1、isnt
23、 it ? 2 、isnt there? 3、hasnt he? 4、dont they ? 5、didnt you ? 6、did he ? 7、hasnt she ? 8、did she ?
24、; 9、has he ? 10、does he ? 11、didnt he ? 12、doesnt he ? 13、didnt she ? 14、does he ? 15、isnt she? 16、isnt it ? 17、isnt it ? 18、was he ? 19、doesnt he ? 20、wont you?
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