2013高考英語 閱讀理解考前沖刺訓(xùn)練（6）

1、2013高考英語（閱讀理解）考前沖刺訓(xùn)練（6） 及答案解析 (第*篇)New archaeological discoveries suggest that trade between Europe and Asia along the Silk Road probably began in some form many centuries earlier than once thought. The findings, coupled with a widening range of scientific and historical research, could add a fascin

2、ating new page to the epic of the Silk Road.The latest and most surprising discovery is pieces of silk found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy from about 1,000 BC ，long before regular traffic on the Silk Road and at least one thousand years before silk was previously thought to be used in Egypt. Othe

3、r research may extend human activity along this route back even further, perhaps a million years to the migration of human ancestors into eastern Asia.The official origin of EastWest commerce along the road is usually placed in the late 2nd century BC when an agent of the Chinese Emperor Wudi return

4、ed from a dangerous secret mission (使命)across the western desert into the remote high country of Central Asia. The agent, Zhang Qian, travelled as far as Afghanistan and brought back knowledge of even more distant lands such as Persia，Syria and a place known as Lijien, perhaps Rome. Historians have

5、called this one of the most important journeys in ancient times. His journey opened the way for what have been thought to be the first indirect contacts between the ancient worlds two superpowers, China and Rome. Chinese silk, first traded to central Asian tribes for war horses and to the Parthians

6、of old Persia in exchange for acrobats and ostrich eggs ，was soon finding its way through a network of merchants to the luxury markets of Rome.But the new discoveries show that Chinese silk was apparently present in the West long before the Han emperor started organized trade over the Silk Road. The

7、 research could change thinking about the early history of world trade and provide insights into the mystery of just how and when Europe and the Mediterranean lands first became aware of the glorious culture at the other end of Eurasia.語篇解讀最新的考古學(xué)研究表明，古代歐亞大陸之間的主要貿(mào)易通道絲綢之路，其起源可能比我們之前認為的要早許多世紀。5The word

8、“coupled” in the first paragraph could best be replaced by_.A. produced B. continuedC. doubled D. combined解析猜測詞義題。由第一段第二句的句意“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，綜合廣泛的、科學(xué)的、歷史的研究可以增添絲綢之路歷史新紀元迷人的一頁”可以推知答案為D。答案D6The silk thread found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy suggests that_.A. Egyptians had probably travelled to China to buy s

9、ilkB. trade along the Silk Road began earlier than once thoughtC. historical research often achieves fascinating resultsD. new light can now be thrown on ancient trading practices解析推理判斷題。由末段首句可以推斷出在漢武帝之前就有了絲綢之路的貿(mào)易，故B項正確。A項不合常識和事實；C項句意本身沒有錯誤但太寬泛；D項這一事實可以闡明古代貿(mào)易實踐，不合文意，故排除。答案B7Until recently most histo

10、rians believed that trade along the Silk Road_.A. originated in the 2nd century BCB. extended human migration into eastern AsiaC. began a million years agoD. primarily benefited the Egyptians解析事實細節(jié)題。由第三段首句可知答案為A。答案A8Historians have always considered Zhang Qians mission important because they believe

11、_.A. he brought back knowledge of Rome to the emperorB. he discovered the Silk RoadC. he helped establish EastWest tradeD. he travelled as far as Afghanistan解析推理判斷題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知C正確。答案C長難句解讀The research could change thinking about the early history of world trade and provide insights into the mystery of

12、just how and when Europe and the Mediterranean lands first became aware of the glorious culture at the other end of Eurasia.這項研究可能改變?nèi)藗冴P(guān)于世界貿(mào)易早期歷史的看法，進一步洞察了對歐洲和地中海地區(qū)何時及怎樣知道在歐亞大陸的另一端存在著輝煌的文化的奧秘。*結(jié)束 (第*篇)Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to

13、change their practices in different cultures. They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptionsmistaken ideas.One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that ones own cultures way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures. Its ethnocen

14、trism that leads to failure in international business. To avoid ethnocentrism, its necessary to study the different elements (組成部分) of culture：language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners.LanguageA knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways. First,

15、 people can communicate directly.Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language. Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly.Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture

16、 better.Values and AttitudesValues are peoples basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad. An attitude is a way of thinking or acting. Values and attitudes influence international business. For example，many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzer

17、land is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.Customs and MannersCustoms are common social practices. Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite. For example, in the United States, it is the custom to have salad (色拉) before the main course at dinne

18、r, not after. Its not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesnt sell well because the French dont usually dri

19、nk juice with breakfast.語篇解讀成功的國際商人之所以能取得成功，一個重要原因是他們能夠理解不同的民族文化，并能夠根據(jù)不同的文化而改變自己的行為。針對如何避免每個人心中由來已久的“民族優(yōu)越感”，文章就態(tài)度和價值觀及風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等幾方面提出了建議。1A knowledge of the local language allows international business people_.A. to be more open with their customersB. to communicate without outside helpC. to express thei

20、r thoughts indirectlyD. to have a better idea of their own culture解析事實細節(jié)題。由第三段中的First，people can communicate directly.可知本題選B。答案B2The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the role of_.A. mannersB. valuesC. attitudes D. customs解析推理判斷題。由Values and Attitudes這一部分An attitude is a way o

21、f thinking or acting.可知答案為C。答案C3What would be the best title for the text?A. Misconceptions in BusinessB. Basic Beliefs in BusinessC. International Business CultureD. Successful International Business解析主旨大意題。第二段是文章的主題段，由本段可知本題選C。答案C4The authors purpose of writing this article is to tell people_.A. h

22、ow to take a right attitude in businessB. how to avoid misunderstandings in businessC. how to use a local language in businessD. how to act politely and properly in business解析推理判斷題。由第二段可知作者的寫作意圖是針對如何避免每個人心中由來已久的“民族優(yōu)越感”提出建議，故本題選B。答案B*結(jié)束 (第*篇)Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Q

23、uite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names：One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many are

24、as, old habits die-hard,_ and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.Many roads and places in Singapore(新加坡) are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This

25、 is in keeping with traditions in many countriesin both the West and the East.Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places th

26、at the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel.Some places were named after the activities that used to go o

27、n at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example. “Bras Basah” means “ wet rice” in Malay (馬來語). Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road”？The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.A few roads in Singapore are named by t

28、heir shapes. There is “Circular Road” for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes，like “Paya Lebar Crescent”. This road is called a crescent(月牙)because it begins on the main road，makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.語篇解讀本文議論世界上不同地區(qū)的人們以類似的方式為地點命名，

29、如：以先驅(qū)者的名字命名；以其他地點的名字命名；以活動的名稱命名；以形狀命名等。1. We learn from Paragraph 1 that_.A. the government is usually the first to name a placeB. many places tend to have more than one nameC. a ceremony will be held when a place is namedD. people prefer the place names given by the government解析推理判斷題。從第一段第四句Frequently it happens that a place has two names：One is named.推論可知。答案B2. What does the underl