高中語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句講解[1]

1、The Attributive Clause 定語(yǔ)從句講解定語(yǔ)從句講解定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成限制性定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I am looking for

2、.I visited the factory where my father works.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞先行詞先行詞 之后之后,用陳述式語(yǔ)序用陳述式語(yǔ)序“.的的”關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞1.從句位置及語(yǔ)序從句位置及語(yǔ)序:2.翻譯方法翻譯方法:3.構(gòu)成構(gòu)成先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.

3、4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boys =whosein the school = where關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞先行詞Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系Join the

4、following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)a machine that /which關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Join the following sentences:The lady is Green

5、. We saw her yesterday. herThe lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/that指人指人指物指物主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)that whichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法 關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時(shí)可以省略？何時(shí)可以省略？做做賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略時(shí)可以省略關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí)關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí)1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3.H

6、e prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it

7、 comes from his parents farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I don

8、t like the way that you speak. on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =whyin the way =that關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞先行詞1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I vi

9、sited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which幾種易混的情況幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞難用的難用的 whoseThe teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the stud

10、ent whose English is the best in our class.Join the following pair of sentences.whose =the students關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格難用的難用的 whoseThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of sentences.The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses windowT

11、he house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.Please compare:形式形式作用作用能否省略能否省略 翻譯翻譯限

12、制性定限制性定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)從句非限制性非限制性定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句插入成分插入成分修飾限定修飾限定補(bǔ)充解釋補(bǔ)充解釋不能不能能能.的的Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.分析兩種定語(yǔ)從句省略后的結(jié)果分析兩種定語(yǔ)從句省略后的結(jié)果The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.分析兩種定語(yǔ)從句省略后的結(jié)果分析兩種定語(yǔ)從句省略后的結(jié)果限制性定語(yǔ)從句省略后

13、主語(yǔ)所指就不明確，限制性定語(yǔ)從句省略后主語(yǔ)所指就不明確，所以不能省略所以不能省略非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem that1.I am reading Harry Porter

14、, _is an interesting book.whichas 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如：具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as

15、 we planned/as we expected定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用as,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。這本書就是我丟的那本。as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so intere

16、sting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況關(guān)系代詞的情況 1The man

17、 whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況關(guān)系代詞的情況 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況關(guān)系代詞的情況 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she

18、 lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可見可見,who、that 不能用與介詞之后不能用與介詞之后 介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況關(guān)系代詞的情況 4Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短語(yǔ)中介詞不能提前在固定短語(yǔ)中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎? 1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like

19、 the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況關(guān)系代詞的情況 練習(xí)練習(xí)on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a

20、 lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof wh

21、ichfrom whichto whomof which1.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí),如如:All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等等只能用只能用that 做關(guān)系代詞的情況做關(guān)系代詞的情況2.當(dāng)先行詞被當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí)3.當(dāng)人和物合做先行詞時(shí)當(dāng)人和物合做先行詞時(shí)4.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí) 5.在疑問(wèn)詞在疑問(wèn)詞who、which、what開頭的句子中開頭的句子中在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用只能用which 做關(guān)系代詞的情況做關(guān)系代詞的情況在介詞后面在介詞后面1.He did all / everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the th