牛津高中英語模塊一單詞講解

1、牛津高中英語模塊一單詞講解Unit 21. vacation 假期，休假He is on vacation in Italy. Where are you going for your vacation? vacation, holiday,和leavevacation 假期，指正式規(guī)定的較長的假期，不指假日或節(jié)日。holiday 既可以指假期（也可以用復(fù)數(shù)），也可指節(jié)假日。leave“休假”，“準(zhǔn)假” ，多指政府部門機(jī)關(guān)，尤指部隊(duì)的休假。No one goes to school during the vacation。The smiths are on holiday. He asked

2、for a three-day sick leave. the summer/winter vacation 暑/寒假 on holiday/vacation （在）度假take a vacation 休假 ask for leave 請假give leave 準(zhǔn)假 sick leave 病假2. surprise n 驚奇，驚訝v. . 使驚奇，使驚訝 I cant wait to surprise the boys! His sudden visit _ us all. (surprise) Much to our _, they offered me the job. (surprise

3、) adj. surprised 感到驚訝的 surprising 令人感到驚訝的 I am _at the _ news. (surprise)3. be supposed to 應(yīng)該應(yīng)當(dāng)1)(表示按照義務(wù)，規(guī)則，法律或者約定等)理應(yīng)，應(yīng)該He is supposed to arrive before six oclock.2）被認(rèn)為，被看作是The speaker is supposed to be excellent. 演講人據(jù)說（被認(rèn)為）是很出色的。3）was/were supposed to do 常用來表示“本應(yīng)該（發(fā)生而實(shí)際上并未發(fā)生）”，有時(shí)也可使用was/were suppo

4、sed to have done 表示過去本應(yīng)該發(fā)生而實(shí)際未發(fā)生的事。be not supposed to 意為“不應(yīng)當(dāng)”，此用法與ought(not) to/should (not)have done用法相同。You werent supposed to come home until tomorrow!We were supposed to arrive at 6, but we were late.He was supposed to have told me about it.4. bend vt./vi. 彎腰，屈身；使彎曲 This wire bends easily. Can y

5、ou help me bend the wire? bend to sb. 向某人屈從 bend ones mind to do the job 專心致志于工作5. touch v. 觸摸，聯(lián)系 Dont touch the medicine, its dangerous! get in touch with sb. 與某人取得聯(lián)系 keep in touch with sb. 與某人保持聯(lián)系 be in touch with sb. 與某人在聯(lián)系 be out of touch with sb. 與某人失去聯(lián)系lose touch with sb. 與某人失去聯(lián)系6. do with 處理

6、(在疑問句中，常與what連用) What did you do with the letter? What did you do with the money we left? 有時(shí)也可以用deal with， 但在疑問句中與how連用。 How did you deal with the letter?7. explain 解釋 說明 explanation n. explain sth. to sb. explain to sb. sth. It was difficult to explain the problem to beginners. She explained to the

7、m what to do next. He _ us the reason _ his being late. A. explained , to B. explained to , whyC. explained to , forD. explained, for express oneself 表達(dá)自己8. mess 混亂，雜亂，一團(tuán)糟 in a mess 混亂不堪 His room is always in a mess. The room is a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.9. l

8、eave vt. 使處于某種狀態(tài)，聽任 adj. leave sb./sth. doing done Please leave the door _(open). She left me _(wait ) in the rain. He went to bed early yesterday evening, _(leave) his homework _(unfinish) leave alone 不理會(huì)，不管 leave as it is/as they are 任其自然 leave where it is /where they are 讓呆在原處10. charge 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管; 費(fèi)用

9、； 收費(fèi) 區(qū)分： in charge of 某人負(fù)責(zé)某事= take charge of in the charge of 某事由某人負(fù)責(zé) in charge 負(fù)責(zé) 掌管 （常作定語或表語）Remember the day when we left you in charge?I am_ the company while the director is away. The company is_me while the director is away. Id like to speak to the person _.11. unpunished adj. punish v. punish

10、ment n. go unpublished None of people who break the law can go unpublished. 12. fault 過錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)誤 It be ones fault that .是某人的過錯(cuò). Whose fault it is that were late? It was his fault that we were late. Why is everything always my fault?13. go out (燈、火)的熄滅， 是不及物動(dòng)詞 Mom and Dad looked at each other as lights go

11、 out. Suddenly all the lights went out. put out 是人為的把火或燈弄熄滅，是及物動(dòng)詞。 They put out the fire with water.14. 比較：scene, scenery, view, sight scene: 指一眼可以看到的風(fēng)景，包括人和動(dòng)物， 側(cè)重動(dòng)物的場面，是可數(shù)名詞。 scenery: 指某一個(gè)地區(qū)“整個(gè)風(fēng)景”，不可數(shù)。 view: 指在遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到的景色的一部分，側(cè)重你能看到的部分。 sight: 風(fēng)景，名勝。用復(fù)數(shù)表示人文景觀。15. mad adj. be mad at/with sb. 對某人生氣 be

12、 mad on/about sth./sb. 特別喜歡某人或某物 she is mad at me for being late. She has been mad about kids.16. be hard on 對苛刻，要求嚴(yán)格 Dont be hard on them; after all, they are only children. 17. now that 既然，可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，that 有時(shí)可以省略。 Now (that) you have finished the work, you may go. _ we have finished the course, we

13、shall take a new one. A. Now thatB. Since that C. Since nowD. By now18. 區(qū)分： boring 令人厭倦的，乏味的，無聊的 bored 感到厭倦的，乏味的 This film is really_. She is _with her job. 19. mark n. 分?jǐn)?shù)，標(biāo)志，記號 v. 打分，作記號 She got a high mark in the exam. The workers made a mark on every stone. Please mark your name on your new book.

14、20. test n. /v. 測驗(yàn)，測試 We will have a test next week. I must have my eyes tested. do/ take a test 參加測驗(yàn) test on 在.上進(jìn)行試驗(yàn) Scientists often test on animals .21. upset adj. /vt. (upsetupset-upset) When she feels upset, she likes going shopping. The news upset him. be upset about對。感到難過的23. mix vt. / vi. 混合

15、，混淆， 弄混 mix up Oil and water dont mix. Oil doesnt mix with water. We should mix business with pleasure in order to live a better life. Our teacher often mix up our names. mixture n. 混合物 mixed adj. 混合的，混雜的24. score n. / vt. 得分 The score of the match is 2 to 1. He scored high in the IQ test. score 還可以

16、做“二十”講， two score (of) people 40個(gè)人 scores of people 許多人注意：scores of + n. 數(shù)詞/many/a few /several+ score + of + n. He bought two scores of stamps.() He bought two score of stamps. ()25. interest n. / vt. The film doesnt _ me. When he was young, he showed great _ in drawing. He is _ in the _ story. 名勝：

17、_26. as though/ if 好象，似乎 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，從句的事情發(fā)生的可能性大就用陳述語氣；如果發(fā)生的可能性小用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在相反的從句用過去時(shí)，與過去相反的從句用過去完成時(shí)。He walked as though he was drunk.She speaks Chinese as though she were a Chinese. They talked as though they had been old friends for years. 引導(dǎo)表語從句。It looks as though it is going to rain. 27. insist vt. /

18、 vi. 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為作不及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí),后跟on或upon引起的短語1) insist on/ upon+名詞    They insisted on a definite answer. 2) insist on / upon +動(dòng)名詞(或動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合構(gòu))    She insisted on seeing the manager&#

19、160;as soon as possible. We insisted upon his staying with us for another week.insist 作及物動(dòng)詞的用法insist的此種用法只能接從句作賓語。1)insist作“堅(jiān)決要求、一定要”,其賓語從句常用與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣,即should+動(dòng)詞原形,其中should可以省略。如:Her father insists that she&

20、#160;(should) learn music after she leaves school.  2) insist作“堅(jiān)持說、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí),用陳述語氣。如:Alice insisted that she had done nothing wrong.28. chat vt. & n. chatted, chattedchat with sb about sthhave a chat with sb about sth29

21、. at present = at the present time He is busy at present and cant speak to you. present: n. 禮物 adj. 出席 現(xiàn)在的，當(dāng)前的 vt. 呈現(xiàn) present sth to sb30. suggest 建議，暗示，使想起 n.suggestion suggest sth. to sb. Who suggested the plan to the manager. suggest doing sth. He suggested doing the experiment in another way. su

22、ggest后面還可以接從句，但要分清suggest 在主句中的含義，如果是“建議”講時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形，should也可以省略；但suggest 是作“暗示，表明”講時(shí)，從句不用虛擬語氣，該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)。I suggest that he _(go) there at once.His pale face suggested that he _(be) ill.在Its suggested that 句型中,從句也用虛擬語氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形，should也可以省略。 Its suggested that the work _(do) at once

23、.當(dāng)名詞suggestion后接表語從句或同位語從句時(shí)，從句也用虛擬語氣。He made a suggestion that we _(read) more English books out of class. 31. crazy 發(fā)瘋的，瘋狂的 You are crazy to go out in this weather. be crazy about 對著迷 She is crazy about dancing. like crazy 發(fā)瘋似地，拼命地 He always works like crazy.32. spare adj. 空閑的，多余的 Does the house ha

24、ve a spare room? in ones spare time 在某人業(yè)余時(shí)間What do you do in your spare time? vt. 抽出，勻出 Can you spare time to help me?33. forbid vt. 禁止 -forbade-forbidden adj. forbidden 被禁止的 doing sth. sb. to do sth.forbid sth. sb. sth. We should forbid smoking during office hours. I forbid you to go out tonight. =

25、I forbid your going out tonight.Who can forbid their marriage?He didnt like his daughters boyfriend, and forbade him the house. He forbids me _ with him.He forbids my_ with him.A. to go B. going C. go D. went牛津高中英語模塊一單詞專練Unit 2單詞填空1. Our family is one where bad behavior cannot go u_.2. Dont be too h

26、_ with Alice. She is still a little girl after all.3. The letter from my brother in New York arrived much earlier than e_.4. Bob was angry, so he ran into his room and s_ the door.5. “The room is a mess. Look, t_ all over the place!” shouted Dad.6. She was s_ to have attended the meeting, but didnt

27、turn up at last.7. You have to give us some e_ before you borrow our money.8. Its the managers f_ that the company is in such a bad state.9. Its said that t_ are forbidden to see the new film.10. The man was lying on the beach, with his hands c_ under his head.11. He a_ as chairman when his boss was

28、 absent.12. Your room is in a m_. Please tidy it.13. His mother p_ him for breaking the window by leaving himself alone at home.14. Can you e_ to me how this machine works?15. We t_ him because we know he has never lied to anyone.16. She sat on the chair and c_ his legs.17. The sunrise is a beautifu

29、l s_.18. No humanbeings dont make m_.19. He refused to give any r_ for his action.20. There may often be misunderstanding and problems between a_ and children.21. He behaves strangely recently, but we cannot explain the reason for his strange b_.22. Its r_ of you to break in when we were talking.23.

30、 Your suggestion sounds r_, but well have to discuss it further.24. No p_, no gains.25. Its a w_ of breath to argue with him about this matter.26. I worked in a small restaurant during the summer v_.27. Youd better ask the teacher for two days l_.28. His arrival was a great s_ for us.29. Im s_ at yo

31、u, playing with dools at your age!30. Ill leave hin in c_ of the matter.31. She s_ up reading until midnight.32. They won them by a s_ of 10 to 9 in the football match.33. There were three s_ and ten people present at the meeting.34. Chemistry i_ him.35. The fresh air makes a d_ to his health.36. I

32、borrowed the money at 5% i_.37. He sent me a v_ painting as a birthday present.38. At p_, many middle school students are sent abroad for study.39. I ran like c_ in the rain.40. My best friend is c_ about that girl.41. We s_ that he (should) apologize to the teacher.42. Can you s_ me a few minutes?43. He has nothing to do in his s_ / f_ time.44. Students are f_ to smoke and drink.45. Young people enjoy c_ on th