英語語法學(xué)習(xí)整理

1、 語法一 =從句從句的做題思路=判定是什么從句一、關(guān)于定語從句（前提：懂得判斷是哪一種從句）1 修飾某一名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。2 連接詞that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/as What/how>< 既起連接作用/有充當(dāng)句子成分3 先行詞 n./pron -被定語從句修飾的根據(jù)先行詞選擇連接詞物：which/that/whose人：who/whom/that/whose時(shí)間：when/which/that地點(diǎn)：where/which /thatReason: 從句完整why/for which；從句不完整which/that/-W

2、ay: 從句完整 in which/that/-; 從句不完整which/that/-1 / 106I dont like the way in which/that/- you speak to your parents.He found the way which/that was reasonable to solve the problem.當(dāng)先行詞與連接詞后面的名詞n存在所屬關(guān)系時(shí)（的）物：whose+n.=of which +the +n.=the +n.+of which人：whose +n.=of whom +the +n.= the +n.+ of whomThe room,

3、 of which the window faces south is mine.The girl, whose father died is our monitor.4 只能用that 不能用which(重點(diǎn)前5種情況)（1）當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞，如all，everything，anything，nothing，much，few，little，none，the one等。All that can be done has been done.（2）先行詞被all, few，little，no，every 等詞修飾時(shí)。There is no difficulty that we cant over

4、come.（3）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時(shí)。This is the first letter that Ive written in Japanese.（4）先行詞被the only, the very, the last 等修飾時(shí) This is the very book that I am looking for.（5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.（6）當(dāng)先行詞是系動詞be后面的表語或連接詞本身是從句的表語時(shí)。China isnt the country

5、 that she used to be 50 years ago.（7）當(dāng)主句是以who，which或what開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop？5 永遠(yuǎn)不用that =介詞/逗號之后6 當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)時(shí) when /where /that/which/-When=介詞+which=介詞+時(shí)間Where=介詞+which = 介詞+地點(diǎn)Which/that= 時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)當(dāng)從句完整時(shí)，用When/ Where/介詞+which當(dāng)從句不完整時(shí)，用which/that/-e.g. I still remember

6、the days that/which/- we spent at the seaside last summer.This is the factory in which/ where his parents used to work.The library _where/in which_ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _which/that_ was built in the 1930s, needs repairing.The library _which/that/-_ you visited yes

7、terday was built in 1990.Ill never forget the day _when/on which_ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _that/which/-_ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _that/which_ was spent with you.7. as與which的比較：（1）在非限制性定語從句中，均可替代整個(gè)主句. 如從句在主句之后，兩者皆可用；如從句在主句之前，用as。They failed in the exam，a

8、s/which is natural.As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun.（2）as“正如，就像” Which “這一點(diǎn)/這個(gè)/這件事” He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy. A. as B. which C. that D. it He is careless, which caused the accident. He is late again, as/which we expected.8. 當(dāng)先行詞被the sam

9、e，such，so修飾時(shí)， This is the same book as you bought yesterday. 同一類 .that 同一個(gè)This was so difficult a problem as we couldnt work out.（后面句子不完整）This was so difficult a problem that we couldnt work it out.（后面句子完整）This was such a difficult problem 1. The old man returned to China, he left 20 years ago.A. wh

10、ere B. which C. that D. how2. When is your husbands birthday? - The same day of my birthday, _ I cant forget.A. that B. when C. which D. it3. Lets put off the picnic until next week, _ the weather may be better.A. which B. when C. that D. if4. Mr Green drove his car very slowly until he came to the

11、freeway, _ the speed limit was 60 miles an hour.A. which B. that C. when D. where.5. The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real-life people. A. that B. when C. in which D. on which6. I know the boy _ you gave th

12、e book_.A.whom；toB.which；toC.to whom；toD.that；to him7. Harbin is the very place _ Im anxious to pay a visit.A.that B.whichC.on which D.to which8. Have you been to Hangzhou，_ West Lake is the most beautiful in our country？A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.where9. I know the student _ you borrowed the pen.A.that

13、B.from whomC.from whichD.whom10. Here are players from Japan，_ are our old friends.A.thatB.whereC.theyD.who11.They arrived at the farmhouse，in front of _ sat a small boy.A.the placeB.itC.whichD.that12. That is the day _ Ill never forget.A./ B.on whichC.in whichD.when13.The letter is from my sister，_

14、 is working in Beijing.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.she14. I lost a book，_ I cant remember now.A.its title B.whose title C.the title of it D.the title of that15. I want to use the same dictionary _ was used yesterday.A.whichB.whatC.likeD.as16. He is good at English，_ we all know.A.thatB.asC.thisD.what17. Ill

15、 never forget the days _ we spent together in the countryside.A.whenB.on whichC.whichD.in which18. This is the best film _ I have ever seen.A.thatB.whichC.now thatD.if19. He is the only one of the students _ from Shanghai.A.who isB.who areC.they are D.that come20. Mr Scott is one of the foreign expe

16、rts who _ in China.A.worksB.is workingC.are workingD.has been working21. I，who _ in America，feel proud of being a Chinese.A.isB./C.amD.being22.The boy failed in the exam again，_ made his parents disappointed.A.thatB.whichC.itD.what23.The doctors and nurses did _ they could to help the wounded.A.all

17、whatB.all whichC.everything whatD.all thatThey did all (that they could do) to help the boy.24. Hell never forget the people and the place _ she visited in Beijing last year.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.where25. Do you know the reason _ he was late？A.for whatB.whichC.for whichD.thatDo you believe the reason

18、 he gave for his being late?ACBDA ADABD CACBD BCAAC CBDAC定語從句練習(xí)I.Multiple choices1. Guilin is the most beautiful place _ everyone all over the world wants to visit? A. thatB. which C. whatD. where2. Has everything _ can be done been done? A. that B. which C. whatD. / 3. I dont like the way _ you spe

19、ak to her. A. whichB. in which C. in that D. of which4. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. that C. this D. which5. The Smiths will move into their new house next Wednesday, _ it will be completely finished. A. by which time B. by the time C. thatD. which6. In th

20、e dark street, there wasn't a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom7. Mrs. Brown,_ department I work, is a friendly woman. A. whoseB. which C. in whoseD.in which8. Could you suggest a time _ it would fit you to visit us and try out the machine? A. thatB.

21、 whichC. whenD. in that9. Next winter, _ you will spend in Hong Kong, I am sure, will be another exciting holiday. A. whichB. thatC. whenD. in which 10. Is this the research center _ you visited the modern equipment last month? A. whichB. whereC. that D. the one that 11. Is this the research center

22、_ you visited last month? A. in which B. whereC. thatD. the one that 例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?例2. Is this the museum _ you visited a few days ago?例3. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held? A. where B. thatC. on whichD. the one變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?1. This museum is _ you visited a few

23、 days ago.2. This is the museum _you visited a few days ago.3. This is the museum_ the exhibition was held.12. Can you tell me the reason _ you wanted to break the window? A. whichB. thatC. becauseD. Why13. I dont believe the reason _ you told me yesterday. A. for whichB. thatC. becauseD. why 14. _

24、is expected, the French team won the football match. A. WhichB. As C. ThatD. What15. Dont read such books _ are not worth reading. A. thatB. whichC. asD. /16. _ is reported in the newspaper, Doctor Li will visit our town next week.17.He is late for school again, _is often the case. 18. _we know, smo

25、king is harmful to one's health.19. The sun heats the earth, _ is very important to us. A. as B which C. that D. It20. He is _brave a man_ ever lived.21. Dont read _books _ are not worth reading22. He is _ an honest man _ we respect him23. He is _ an honest man _we respect. A. suchas B. such. th

26、at24. I want to buy the same TV set _he bought.25. This is the same book _ I lostA. as B. that26. It was in the small house _ was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood. A. which; thatB. that; whereC. which; whichD. where; that27. The meeting was put off, _ was exactly _ we wanted.

27、 A. which; which B. as; thatC. which; whatD. it; that28. It is such a good place _ everybody wants to visit _ it is well-known all over the world. A. which; that B. as; asC. as; thatD.that; as29.- “Where did you meet your old friend?” - “It was in the hotel _ I was staying.” A. thatB. when C. where

28、D. WhichII. Find out mistakes in the following sentences:1) He is the only one of the boys who are praised. 2）Is this school the one that you worked last year？3）Is this the school where you visited last year？ 4）He failed in the examination, it made his mother angry 5）The rich, for whose money is not

29、 a problem, always buy big houses and expensive cars. 6）I'll never forget the days when I spent in the country.7) With everything she needed buying, she went home.8）It was so difficult a problem that no one can work out.9) It is this house that I was brought up.10) It is known to all , he is the

30、 best student in our class11) Thanks for your gift. This is exactly that I wanted.12) Jack is a man whom I believe is honest.二、名詞性從句 陳述語序主語從句What I say is true賓語從句He wont believe what I say.表語從句That is what I said.同位語從句I told them the news that Rockets won the game today.區(qū)別什么從句應(yīng)看主句，主句不完整時(shí)從句肯定是名詞性從句。

31、主句完整時(shí)，從句可能是定語從句，狀語從句，或者同位語從句。I have forgotten where we went yesterday.Where we went yesterday is covered with all kinds of flowers.Oh! This is where we came yesterday. This is the place where we came yesterday.Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later.I will make a mark where

32、he made the promise.需要用什么引導(dǎo)詞看從句。名詞性從句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引導(dǎo)詞; 缺名詞性成份時(shí)，指人用who/whom，指物用what; 不缺意思和成份時(shí)用that。That 只有在賓語從句中可以省略。1. _ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known.A.不填 B. Whenever C. What D. When2. There is a common belief among them _ rubbish can and should be put to good use.A. which B. if

33、 C. whether D. that3. Hes bought a cottage for _ he retires, with the money he saved.A. When B. where C. what D. which (哪一個(gè)、哪一些)-It is known to all that Taiwan belongs to China.-Do you think it possible that we take over Taiwan?-Of course. It 經(jīng)常在句中當(dāng)形式主語、賓語，代替真正的主語、賓語，以避免頭重腳輕。It is pretty well unders

34、tood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out of the atmosphere today.A. That B. when C. what D. howWhy dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?A. This B. what C. thatD. it表“是否”時(shí)只用whether不用if:1. Whether the president will come is not known yet. (主從)2. The problem is

35、whether we need it.（表從）3. The problem whether we will build another school hasnt been settled.（同位語從句）4. He was worried about whether he passed the English examination. （介詞之后）5. It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. （whether or /or not）6. I dont know whether to go.（動詞不定式之前）三、 狀語從句（主句完整，從句和主句

36、之間不存在修飾關(guān)系的，一般就是狀從）1. 關(guān)于when/while/as 都有“當(dāng)時(shí)” When I arrived, he had already left.Mary asked me to care for her pet while she was away. （當(dāng)時(shí)） As the sun set in the west, it became darker and darker. As time goes by/as the economy developsWhen (正在這時(shí))Be about to do. When Be doing whenHad just done whenBe

37、 on the point of doing whenWhen=since whileHe likes pop music while I am fond of classical music. (而)Mary asked me to care for her pet while she was away. （當(dāng)時(shí)）While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you. （雖然）asA. 隨著+句子 as time went by as the economy develops With the exam coming/drawing n

38、ear /approachingB. 像 + 句子 It looks a little ugly as it is .C. 作為 +短語 treat / regard / consider / think of / look on as （把 作為來對待）D. 因?yàn)?句子 because /since/forAs you are Senior 3 students, you should spare no effort / pains to study. E. 正如 / 就像As is known to all/we all know, Taiwan belongs to China.As a

39、n old saying goes, its not until the Dragon Boat Festival that we can put away warm clothes.F. 雖然 + 句子（倒裝）= though 放句首a. 表語提前Young as/though he is, he speaks English fluently.Child as he is, he knows a lot. （冠詞去掉）b. 副詞提前Much as he likes her, he dare not tell her.=Although(><though) he likes he

40、r very much, he dare not tell her.=He dare not tell her, though he likes her very much. though（放主句后面不倒裝）c. 動詞提前Try as she may, she still couldnt convince her parents that she was more suitable for a lawyer than a teacher.d. 補(bǔ)語提前Pleasant as they made it to travel, we felt tired after the long journey

41、.Although they made it pleasant to travel,2. 關(guān)于since/before/untilIt is/has been several months since we last spent the holiday in the country together.It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.Before He left before I could say “thank you” to him. 來不及Three years passed before I knew it.

42、 才It wont be long before we have a monthly exam.It will be ten years before we meet again. It was ten years before they met again.Until/till (主句謂語持續(xù)性)Not until(主句謂語短暫性)George worked for IBM until/till 2000. 直到靠近，我才認(rèn)出他。Until he came up to me, I recognized him. （此句錯(cuò)誤）=I didnt recognize him until he ca

43、me up to me.3. 關(guān)于“一就” Hardly when No sooner than As soon as The moment/time/minute/second +句子 Immediately/instantly/directly +句子 On doing/名詞Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.The moment she saw the robber, she screamed.Instantly he saw the drowning girl, he jumped int

44、o the river.Upon arrival/ On arrival / On arriving, I will pay a visit to you first.4 It is/was +時(shí)間點(diǎn)+when 與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別 It was midnight I fell asleep.A. when B. that C. while D. becauseIt was at noon we arrived in the village. A. before B. while C. when D. that5 Unless 如果不（除非）/if 如果 _you go all out to do

45、 the work, I don't think you can achieve your goal as planned.A. UnlessB. Even C. SinceD. TillHe never speaks _ he is spoken to, for he is not much of a speaker.A.when B.if C.unless D.until6 as if(though) 似乎/仿佛/好像 +真實(shí)/虛擬7 even if /though 即使8 in case/for fear that 以防/惟恐9 What/whatever/no matter w

46、hat; how/however/no matter howWhat(ever) +名詞 How(ever) +形容詞/副詞Whatever difficulties we meet with, it is best to face them and try to solve them.However late it is, Ill wait for you.No matter how busy he is, he is ready to help others.No matter +疑問詞=引導(dǎo)狀從疑問詞 +ever=引導(dǎo)名從/狀從Whatever you say, I wont belie

47、ve you. = No matter what（狀語從句）I wont believe whatever you say. = anything that（賓語從句） Whoever / No matter who comes, dont let him in. （狀語從句）Whoever / Anyone who leaves last should turn off the lights. （主語從句）10 Where +句子 （特別是引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀從和定從的區(qū)別） I have forgotten where we went yesterday.Where we went yesterda

48、y is covered with all kinds of flowers.Oh! This is where we came yesterday. This is the place where/in which we came yesterday.I will make a mark where the teacher emphasizes.11 now that=since=when; in that=because; not thatbut that=not becausebut because12. 當(dāng)先行詞被the same，such，so修飾時(shí)，This is the same

49、 book as you bought yesterday. 同一類 .that 同一個(gè)This was so difficult a problem as we couldnt work out.（后面句子不完整）This was so difficult a problem that we couldnt work it out.（后面句子完整）This was such a difficult problem 1The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he went to Shanghai.A. when B. whe

50、never C. where D. wherever2. The photo was taken _ stood a famous high tower.A. where B. in which C. which D. there3.You must be firm _ you think yourself to be right.A. in which B. where C. what D. no matter how4. The writer has written many English poems, _ his teachers and friends hadnt expected.

51、A. as B. which C. of which D. that 5. Such things _ you described are rare now.A. like B. as C. that D. which6_ life pace continues to speed up, we are quickly losing up the art of enjoyment.A. With B. As C. when D. While 7_ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As8After the war, a new school was put up _ there had been a theater.A. that B. where C. which D. what9You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again.A. when B. where C. what D. which10_ it is true that a successful b