高中英語 Unit3 Planning for the perfect wedding-grammar教案 上海牛津版S3A

1、Chapter3. Planning for the Perfect Wedding-grammar一、章節(jié)分析（一）綜述本章節(jié)主要語法- 定語從句。定語從句前面一定有一個名詞（先行詞），這很關(guān)鍵。（二）目標(biāo)定語從句起到修飾名詞的作用。教學(xué)生掌握由關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which, that,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句;限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。（三）教學(xué)方法 通過一些例句讓學(xué)生理解并掌握定語從句。 讓學(xué)生找出課文中的定語從句并加以分析。 讓學(xué)生造句，翻譯句子等來鞏固所學(xué)的知識。（四）重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)上述都要掌握，難點(diǎn)為非限制性定語從句。二、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（Teaching Designs）

2、教學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)實(shí)施建議教學(xué)資源參考Lead in 1. Warming upl Present the students some pictures of Chinese and Western weddings and let the students talk about the difference between Oriental and Western Weddings using as many adjective clauses as possible.wedding process/ place/customs/ banquet/CXFORD ENGLSIH 課本Practice

3、在進(jìn)行了短暫熱身練習(xí)之后，教師有意識地將課文中的定語從句呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生。e.g.The brides clothes, which are usually expensive, require careful selection.Then do more practice:接著和學(xué)生一起分別就幾個句型認(rèn)真理解和操練并完成書中部分練習(xí)。CXFORD ENGLSIH 課本Exercises and homework教師自編題目和書后練習(xí)結(jié)合操練CXFORD ENGLSIH 課本以及課后練習(xí)本單元的語法部分重點(diǎn)是定語從句：1. Clauses with who, whom, that, which an

4、d whose2. Defining and non-defining clauses我們在教學(xué)過程中，可以通過復(fù)習(xí)課文中的一些句型或者是討論課文中的人物來開始。鏈接1說明：這是一份關(guān)于定語從句的練習(xí)。定語從句例1 誤：Thank you for all what you have done for me.正：Thank you for all (that) you have done for me.題解：“what” 不能用于引導(dǎo)定語從句，它一般用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句常用的有關(guān)系代詞which, that, who, whom, whose, as, than 及關(guān)系副詞where

5、, when, why。此句因?yàn)橄刃性~all是不定代詞，所以只能用that引導(dǎo)。此外，由于此句中先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)do的賓語，所以可以省略關(guān)系代詞that。例2 誤：The man whom I think has moved to another city is still in Shanghai.正：The man who I think has moved to another city is still in Shanghai.題解：此句中先行詞man在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，而不是think的賓語，因此不能用賓格whom，而應(yīng)用主格who。例3 誤：We havent got muc

6、h which we can offer you.正：We havent got much that we can offer you.題解：當(dāng)定語從句的先行詞是all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, one等不定代詞時，關(guān)系代詞用that。例4 誤：It is the best film which has been made on the subject.正：It is the best film that has been made on the subject.題解：當(dāng)先行詞前有最高級形容詞修飾，或有序數(shù)詞或onl

7、y, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the very 等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞用that。例5 誤：Do you know the things and persons who are mentioned by the manager？正：Do you know the things and persons that are mentioned by the manager?題解：先行詞是由人和物組成的短語時，關(guān)系代詞用that。例6 誤：Who who you have ever seen can beat him in chess?正：Who that

8、you have ever seen can beat him in chess？題解：避免與先行詞who重復(fù)時，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that。例7 誤：Today the public are much concerned about the way which nature is ruined.正：Today the public are much concerned about the way (that / in which) nature is ruined.題解：修飾先行詞way的定語從句比較特殊，一般用that 或in which引導(dǎo)，通常也可省略。例8 誤：It was midnigh

9、t that I was waken up by the quarrel upstairs. 正：It was midnight when I was waken up by the quarrel upstairs.題解：原句被錯認(rèn)為一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，若是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，此句應(yīng)改為： It was at midnight that I was wakened up by the quarrel upstairs.在這一句子中，先行詞midnight 在從句中作時間狀語，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when。例9 誤：I dont like to live in the room which windows face

10、north.正：I dont like to live in the room whose windows face north.題解：此句中先行詞room在定語從句中作定語，表示所有關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose，有時也可用of which 短語替代。此句亦可改為：I dont like to live in the room the windows of which face north.I dont like to live in the room of which the windows face north.例10 誤：That was the reason why Mr. Bla

11、ck refused to speak for at the meeting.正：That was the reason (which / that) Mr. Black refused to speak for at the meeting.題解：在定語從句中，選擇關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，最主要看先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，如果是主語、賓語或定語，則用關(guān)系代詞，若為狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞。此句中先行詞reason在從句中充當(dāng)介詞for后的賓語，所以可以用that或which，或者省略。若此定語從句中沒有介詞for，則此句應(yīng)改為： That was the reason why Mr. Blac

12、k refused to speak at the meeting. 此時，reason在從句中作原因狀語。但這與例句的意義不同。例句的意思是：這就是布萊克先生在會議上拒絕辯護(hù)的理由。而此句的意思為：這就是布萊克先生在會議上拒絕發(fā)言的原因。例11 誤：As many on-lookers who were on the spot then agreed the motorcyclist was to blame.正：As many on-lookers as were on the spot then agreed the motorcyclist was to blame.題解：定語從句的先

13、行詞若有such, as修飾，則關(guān)系代詞用as。例12 誤：That is the same person as asked for help the day before yesterday.正：That is the same person that asked for help the day before yesterday.題解：先行詞有the same修飾時，一般用as，如：He uses the same dictionary as I do.（他用的詞典和我的一樣）但要注意的是，這句中涉及到兩本字典。如果指的是同一個人或物，先行詞應(yīng)該用that。例13 誤：My mother

14、often takes on more work than it is good for her health.正：My mother often takes on more work than is good for her health.題解：此句中包含了一個由than引導(dǎo)的定語從句。因先行詞work有形容詞的比較級修飾，因此關(guān)系代詞用了than。而此句中的先行詞work在定語從句中作主語，所以從句中處于主語位置的it必須刪去。例14 誤：Mr. White is the man whom you can turn for help when you are in trouble.正：Mr

15、. White is the man to whom you can turn for help when you are in trouble.題解：先行詞man在定語從句中應(yīng)該作介詞to后的賓語，turn to sb. for help，所以此處的介詞to不能少。因此，定語從句中介詞的選擇受到上下文的制約或與前面的名詞詞組或后面動詞詞組的搭配有關(guān)。例15 誤：Is this book you like most？正：Is this the book you like most?題解：若把原句改成陳述句，“This book is you like most.”不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它不是一句定語從句，t

16、his book也不是先行詞。加了定冠詞后，此句改成陳述句就成了：This is the book you like most.先行詞book在從句中作賓語，所以可以省略關(guān)系代詞。 例16 誤：I can think of many cases that students obviously know a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.正：I can think of many cases where / in which students obviously know a lot of

17、English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.題解：先行詞case若放回定語從句中，應(yīng)是in many cases，作狀語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where，或in which。例17 誤：Last year he visited Tokyo where his brother lived.正：Last year he visited Tokyo, where his brother lived.題解：限制性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，對它有限制作用，因此不可缺少，否則會影響全句的意義。而非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，他

18、們之間的修飾關(guān)系不是很密切，因此對于專有名詞，一般都用非限制性定語從句。例18 誤：He has many habits, some of them are harmful.正：He has many habits, some of which are harmful.題解：原句錯在一個句子中出現(xiàn)了兩個簡單句，且無連詞。用which代替them，使后面的分句變成了非限制性定語從句，which 指代前面的habits。此句若改成如下句子亦可： He has many habits, and some of them are harmful.例19 誤：She got the first priz

19、e, which we had expected.正：She got the first prize, as we had expected.題解：雖然，在非限制性定語從句中，which可以用來指代前面的整個句子，但當(dāng)表示 “正如”時，一般用as，此外，as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句還可放在主句之前，而which不行。Exercise:1. A war broke out _ lasted for forty years.A. whichB. whenC. in whichD. where2. All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thingB. th

20、atC. whatD. which3. It will not be long before you meet with the same difficult situation _ was dealt with by those scientists last year.A. whichB. thatC. asD. where4. The person _ I lent my car is a friend of Jacks mothers.A. whoB. whomC. to whoD. to whom5. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windo

21、ws, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which6. Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which7. In his speech, the leader expressed his thanks to those who had supported him and the cause _ they had fou

22、ght.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. for which8. The great wall is the place _ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to China.A. whereB. whichC. in whichD. of which9. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where10

23、. We will be shown around he city, schools, museums and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when11. Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with whomB. whoC. with whomD. whom12. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for

24、his carelessness in his work?A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained13. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A. untilB. whenC. thatD. where14. Have seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous?A. itsB. its C. whoseD. which15. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,