2021職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題及答案解析5.doc

1、2021職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題及答案解析5Holding on to hope may not make patients happier as they deal with chronic illness or diseases, according to a new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers." Hope is an important part of happiness, "said Peter A.Ubel, M.D.director of the U-M Center for

2、Behavioral and Decision Sciences in Medicine and one of the authors of the happily hopeless study, "but there"s a dark side of hope.Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness."The results showed that people do not adapt well

3、to situations if they are believed to be shortterm.Ubel and his co-authors-both from U-M and Carnegie Mellon University-studied patients who had new colostomies: their colons were removed and they had to have bowel movements in a pouch that lies outside their body.At the time they received their col

4、ostomy, some patients were told that the colostomy was reversible-that they would undergo a second operation to reconnect their bowels after several months.Others were told that the colostomy was permanent and that they would never have normal bowel function again.The second group-the one without ho

5、pe-reported being happier over the ne_t si_ months than those with reversible colostomies."We think they were happier because they got on with their lives.They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," says Ubel, who is also a

6、 professor in the Department of Intemal Medicine."The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed, " he added."They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn"t make the best of their current situation.""Hopeful messages may

7、not be in the best interests of the patient and may interfere with the patient"s emotional adaptation, " Ubel says."I don"t think we should take hope away.But I think we have to be careful about building up people"s hope so much that they put off living their lives."1.C

8、hronically ill patients may be happierA.if they keep thinking of their pastB.if they believe they"Il recoverC.if they put off moving onD.if they manage to get on with their life2.What had happened to the patients under study?A.They had just survived an accident.B.They had just had an operation.

9、C.They had just injured their colons.D.They had just made some pouches.3.One group of the patients was happier becauseA.they made the best of their current situationB.they were good at playing cardsC.they regained normal bowel functionD.they were promised another operation4.The other group was not a

10、s happy because .A.they accepted their current situationB.they were an_ious to get betterC.they missed their previous lifeD.they refused to play cards5.What could be the message of the passage?A.Giving up hope means giving up happiness.B.Letting go of hope is at times a better choice.C.Hope is what

11、makes people on.D.Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness. 參考譯文及答案：1.D 解析第二段的最后一句：Sometimes，if hope makes people put off getting on with their life，it can get in the way of happiness.有時(shí)候，如果希望使人們不能適應(yīng)自己的生活，那么希望就會(huì)阻礙幸福。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)人們能適應(yīng)自己的生活時(shí)，就會(huì)更幸福。第五段也提到We think they were happier because they got on wit

12、h their lives.因此選D。2.B 解析第三段說(shuō)studied patients who had new colostomiescolostomy是結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)。因此B是正確答案。3.A解析第五段說(shuō)覺得幸福的那組"We think they were happier because they got on with their lives."第六段說(shuō)不幸福的那組"They contrasted their current life with the Iife they hoped to lead，and didn"t make the best

13、 of their current situation."因此答案應(yīng)為A。4.B 解析答案所在段是第六段"The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed,"he added."They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn"t make the best of their current situation."由此可見，不幸福的原因是B。5.B 解析該

14、題目是文章主旨題。本文的中心是說(shuō)希望不一定都能帶來(lái)幸福，要能面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，適應(yīng)不幸，才會(huì)更幸福。A項(xiàng)civing up hope means glving up happiness.和C項(xiàng)Hope is what makes people move on.都與本文主旨不符。D項(xiàng)Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness中frequently(經(jīng)常地)使用不當(dāng)，該命題是錯(cuò)誤的。B項(xiàng)Letting go of hope is at timesa better choice.符合本文主題。參考譯文密歇根州立大學(xué)衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)研究人員的一個(gè)研究表明，對(duì)慢性病人來(lái)說(shuō)，

15、抱有希望或許并不能使病人更快樂。行為與決策醫(yī)學(xué)U-M中心主任，快樂無(wú)望研究的作者之一，Peter A.Ubel M.D說(shuō)："希望是快樂的一個(gè)重要部分，但是希望有一個(gè)灰暗面。有時(shí)候，如果希望使人們不能適應(yīng)自己的生活，那么希望就會(huì)阻礙幸福。"這個(gè)結(jié)果顯示，如果人們認(rèn)為目前的處境是短期的，人們就不容易適應(yīng)它。來(lái)自卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)的Ubel和他的合作者研究剛做完結(jié)腸造口術(shù)的病人發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們的結(jié)腸被移除，并且他們不得不排便于一個(gè)身體外面的袋子里。在他們做結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)的時(shí)候，一些病人被告知這個(gè)手術(shù)是可逆的-他們將在數(shù)月后接受第二次手術(shù)，重新建立正常的大便通道。而另外一些病人被告知這個(gè)手術(shù)是永久的，他們以后將再也沒有正常的大便功能。報(bào)道稱，第二組，就是沒有希望的那組，在之后的六個(gè)多月里比要做可逆結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)的那組更快樂。身兼內(nèi)科醫(yī)學(xué)通訊員教授的Ubel說(shuō)："我們認(rèn)為第二組比較