簡單句知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理學(xué)案

1、簡單句概念：只有一個(gè)主語（或并列主語）和一個(gè)謂語（或并列謂語）的句 子叫簡單句。一，根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分類： 主謂 The sun is rising.The trai n has left. 主系表 we are students.The fish has gone bad. 主謂賓 she is writing a letter. 主謂間接賓語+直接賓語 she gave me a book.He told us a lie. 主謂賓+賓補(bǔ) he made us laugh.I hear some one singing. there be句型 there is a book on the d

2、esk.There are 50 students in our class.二，根據(jù)句子作用分類：陳述句，疑問句，祈使句，感嘆句1，陳述句用來陳述一件事情或表示一種看法。 肯定式My daughter has graduadted from school. 否定式1）,be和助動(dòng)詞 will, have情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, shall, should后直接加not.Mike will not go there.2）,行為動(dòng)詞，借助 don,doesn, didn She didncome to school yesterday.3）注意：all both與not連用表半否定All these b

3、ooks are not mi ne這些書并非都是我的。2，疑問句分為四種，一般疑問，特殊疑問，反義疑問，選擇疑問1），一般疑問句用yes, no來回答。Is she a teacher?Yes , she is.2），特殊疑問句When will you go to visit the Great Wall?Who is in the room?（ who 作主語）Why don ” tyou？表建議3）,反義疑問句分倆類：陳述句+疑問部分（前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定）He doesntlike sports, does he?前有否定詞綴時(shí),He dislikes sports,does”

4、he? 前含有 never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nothing等否定詞時(shí),He hardly knows En glish ,does he?前有 I don ”tthink （believe,suppose,expect時(shí),I don”tthink he can finish the work,can he?She thinks I can finish the work,doesntshe? 肯定式+肯定疑問祈使句時(shí)Have a cup of tea , will you?Let go there, shall we?請(qǐng)對(duì)方證實(shí)Your bike is out

5、side, is it?反義疑問句的回答，事實(shí)肯定用yes事實(shí)否定用noJapa n is in Europe ,isnt it?No ,it isn ” t.Japa n isnt in Europe,is it?No ,it isn ” t4）,選擇疑問句Do you go to work by bus or by bike?3, 祈使句表示命令，請(qǐng)求，建議Get up.Come in, please.Don be afraid.Let sgo homeDon let the dog come into the room.4, 感嘆句How引導(dǎo).（修飾形容詞或副詞）What引導(dǎo)（修飾中心詞

6、是名詞，前可能有形容詞修飾）How fluently he speaks English!What fine weather!What a moving story!How moving a story ！三，句子成分主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)，表，同位語1, 主語句子所說的人和物We get up at six in the morni ng.2謂語說明主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)He plays football on Sun day .3, 賓語謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作對(duì)象，介詞后，或動(dòng)詞后The flood destroyed many houses.分倆種，指人的是直接賓語，指物的是間接賓語My pare n

7、ts gave me a prese nt on my birthday.4, 定語用來修飾名詞，意思是“的”The book on the desk is mine.That is an in teresti ng story.Is there anything that I can do for you?5, 狀語修飾動(dòng)詞，或形容詞，或句子，表時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，目的，程度,When I got to the station, the train had left, She comes here to borrow some books.6, 賓語補(bǔ)足語位于賓語后，補(bǔ)充說明賓語The bad

8、 n ews made her sad.7, 表語系動(dòng)詞后，We are happy.The music sounds ni ce.He became a teacher at the age of 20.8, 同位語說明前面名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容We stude nts must study hard.9, there be 句型注意主語后定語的結(jié)構(gòu)There is a man waiting for you .There were 20 people killed in the accide nt.There is someth ing importa nt to deal with.辨析：T

9、here be某地有某物Have :擁有There are 4 members in my family.I have a brother and a sister.簡單句練習(xí)題一、劃分句子成分1. My brother has n t done his homework.A BC2. The old man was feeling very tired.A BC3. She was the first to learn about it.A B CD4. There was a big smile on her face.5. He began to learn English when h

10、e was young.A B CD6. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B CD7. She found it difficult to do the work.A B C D E8. People all over the world speak English.A BC D9. They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D E10. She loves the library because she loves books.AB CD二、變換句型1. He did his homework last night.（變否定句）2.

11、Robert is a student.（變否定句）3. It is cold on the moon at night.（變一般疑問句）4. We had a physics test last Wednesday.（就劃線部分提問）5. She has supper at six.（變反意疑問句）三、單項(xiàng)選擇1.he gave you!A. what good advice B. how good adviceC. what a good advice D. how good advices2. -didn t you enjoy the performanee last night?.i

12、t was less won derful tha n expected.A. Yes, I did. B. Yes ,I didn tC .No ,I didn t D. No, I did3t is the third time that Jhon has bee n late,?A.Hasn t he B.isn t heC.Isn t it D.hasn t it4. Tomswimmi ng in cold water.A. not like B.likes notC.doesn t like D.does like not5. wait a minute?A.shall you B

13、.will youC.do you D. don t you6. The suit s finished?A.Don t it B. isn t itC.Haven t itD.don t you7.i don t think he will come to our party?A. will he B. won t heC.does he D. do i8. down the radio! The baby is asleep in the next room.A.Turni ng B. To turn C.Turni ng D.Tur n9. s ince you have repaire

14、d my tv set,is no n eed for me to buy a new one.A.lt B.there C. this D. that10. she set out soon after darkhome an hour.A. Arrivi ng B. to arrive C. hav ing arrived D. and arrived11. she dislike this skirt?A. Doesn t she B. doesn t sheC. Isn t she D. is she12. -is your father.-he is a teacher in a middle school.A. What B. who C. which D. where13. -how is your father?-?A .He is fine, tha nk you!B. He is on ly 40.C. He is a driverD. He likes football b