九年級(jí)英語寒假專題（四）沈陽牛津版

1、九年級(jí)英語寒假專題（四）沈陽牛津版【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：寒假專題（四）學(xué)習(xí)過程中考英語單詞拼寫答題技巧1. 通讀全句，確定意思通讀全句，根據(jù)前后內(nèi)容判斷該詞意思，確保所填單詞在邏輯意義上與整個(gè)句子一致。例如：1) Germany and France are E_ countries.分析：德國和法國都是歐洲國家，所缺單詞修飾名詞countries，故填European。2) A good _ makes a good ending.分析：根據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該是好的開始創(chuàng)造好的結(jié)局。故填 beginning。2. 根據(jù)成分或結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷詞性根據(jù)所拼單詞在句中作的成分判斷其詞性。例如：1)

2、 He is a writer of rich _(想象).分析：由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所缺單詞被rich修飾，作介詞of的賓語，應(yīng)為名詞，再結(jié)合詞義，故填imagination。2) Darwin based his ideas on _(科學(xué)) experiment.分析：“科學(xué)”放在名詞experiment之前，修飾名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞形式 scientific。3) Our teacher has _ (組織) a class trip to the Great Wall.分析：根據(jù)“組織”在句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的功能，可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式organized。3. 上下兼顧，判斷單復(fù)數(shù)通讀全句，根據(jù)

3、上下意思判斷名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。例如：1) The earth is one of the p_.分析：前面有one of 結(jié)構(gòu)，因此后面必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式 planets。2) _(電腦) can do all kinds of things now.分析：因名詞前無冠詞，而且該名詞是可數(shù)名詞，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式Computers。4. 全面考慮，不忘大小寫1) _(秋天) comes after summer.分析：句首的單詞首寫字母必須大寫，又根據(jù)常識(shí)可知填A(yù)utumn。2) Some American children posted some _ (圣誕) cards to us.分析：“圣誕”為專有

4、名詞，首字母必須大寫，故填Christmas。中考英語單詞拼寫命題類型1. 推理型If you want to read quickly, you must use your eyes and b_ not your mouth.分析：根據(jù)句意“如果你想閱讀得快，必須同時(shí)用眼和用腦，而不是用嘴”，由此確定橫線處填 brain。2. 釋義型A s_ is a person who is employed to work in another persons house.分析：受人雇傭，在別人家干活的人自然是“傭人”，所以填servant。3. 對(duì)比型Its easier to spend mon

5、ey than e_ money.分析：由從句中的spend money可聯(lián)想出“花錢比掙錢容易”，對(duì)比的應(yīng)該是earn money， 故填 earn。4. 搭配型Water can turn _ steam when it is heated. 分析：水在被加熱時(shí)，會(huì)變成水蒸氣。由固定搭配turn into (變成) 可知填into。5. 常識(shí)型The Childrens Day is on J_ 1st.分析：兒童節(jié)是六月一日，故填June。6. 關(guān)聯(lián)型He went into the b_ and took a bath.分析：根據(jù)后一句“他去洗澡了”，再從首字母可確定填 bathroo

6、m(浴室)。中考英語單詞拼寫?？碱}型1. 根據(jù)首字母及句意完成單詞。如：(1) These scientists have made great c_ to sending up the satellites into outer space. (2) A large number of mouths must be fed in those less d_ countries. (3) That evening Beethoven played the music for the girl as well as u_. (4) I phoned her s_ times, but I cou

7、ldnt reach her. 【命題特點(diǎn)】句子中被考查的單詞空出，劃有橫線，橫線前標(biāo)有該單詞的首寫字母。根據(jù)句意和首寫字母的提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。這類題目難度較大，考查學(xué)生記憶單詞的準(zhǔn)確度以及對(duì)單詞用法的掌握情況?！窘忸}技巧】解答這類題目時(shí)，首先要熟記單詞，掌握其正確的拼寫形式。更重要的是根據(jù)句意判斷出此處該填什么意義的單詞,然后再根據(jù)首字母提示和上下文句意，確定選用哪個(gè)單詞，并且要注意詞形變化。題干中的一些詞，如短語或固定搭配，往往是確定空缺詞的重要信息?！緟⒖即鸢浮?1) contributions (2) developed (3) usual (4) several2. 根據(jù)句

8、意和所給中文寫出單詞。如：(1) After three_(月) study, the scientists worked out the physics problem. (2) Many_(千) of trees are planted to protect the environment each year.(3) A hard-working student_(理應(yīng)) to succeed.(4) I have worked out six math problems, but there are two_(更多的) left. 【命題特點(diǎn)】這類題所考查的詞一般都比較長，大多數(shù)是四個(gè)詞

9、，有時(shí)有詞形變化，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)單詞的識(shí)記能力和拼寫能力?！窘忸}技巧】由于所缺單詞已給出詞義，在一定程度上降低了難度。在解答這類題目時(shí)，前提是不僅要熟記單詞，注意拼讀規(guī)則，還要注意所缺的單詞在句中的句法功能，即要注意寫出該詞的適當(dāng)詞形，如所缺單詞修飾形容詞，就要寫出其副詞形式；而當(dāng)其修飾名詞時(shí)，就要寫出其形容詞形式?！緟⒖即鸢浮?(1) months (2) thousands (3) ought (4) more3. 根據(jù)句意，在每一空格內(nèi)填寫適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞。如：(1) She_ singing to dancing. What about you? (2) He keeps doing s

10、ports very often, so he is much_ than before. (3) You may borrow my computer, but you mustnt_ it to others.【命題特點(diǎn)】這類題目難度較大，考生既要能正確確定所缺單詞的詞義，還要寫出單詞的正確形式。這種題型主要考查學(xué)生在具體語境中的綜合理解能力。【解題技巧】解這類題目，先要仔細(xì)讀題，概括理解句子的意思，注意捕捉時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、動(dòng)作等主要信息，并且要特別注意一些詞的固定搭配?！緟⒖即鸢浮?(1) prefers (2)thinner (3) lend中考英語詞語題所涉及的主要語法點(diǎn)與詞形變化

11、相關(guān)的語法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)有：(1) 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的相互轉(zhuǎn)化，人稱代詞單復(fù)數(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)化。(2) 名詞變?yōu)樗懈裥问健?3) 人稱代詞主格與賓格之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化；物主代詞的形容詞性與名詞性的相互轉(zhuǎn)化；人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞三者之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化。(4) 基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)化。(5) 形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)三級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)化。(6) 謂語動(dòng)詞的不同時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的不同形式，如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞后要加s或es。(7) 非謂語動(dòng)詞的不同形式。如在enjoy, finish及介詞后要用動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語；在decide, want, would like等后要用to do作賓語；在

12、句型ask / tell / would like / want sb to do sth中所用的是to do sth作賓補(bǔ)；而在句型let / make / have sb do sth中卻用的是do sth 作賓補(bǔ)，等等。用構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)解中考英語詞語題了解一些構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)不僅有利于做好詞類轉(zhuǎn)化這類試題，對(duì)于我們擴(kuò)大詞匯量，掃清閱讀障礙也大有裨益。我們這里要講的構(gòu)詞法是指在某些詞前面或后面加上前綴或后綴以改變其詞性或詞義的方法。如：表示否定或相反詞義的前綴有un-, dis-, im-等，如unhappy(不高興的), unfair(不公平的), uninteresting(沒趣味的); dis

13、like(不喜歡), dishonest(不誠實(shí)的), disagree(不同意); impossible(不可能的) 等等。常見的后綴有：(1) 某些名詞+y / ful / ous(的) / less(沒有，無)形容詞。如healthy, cloudy, sandy, noisy(去掉了末尾的e再加y), sunny(雙寫了n再加y)；careful, useful, successful, colourful; dangerous; homeless(無家可歸的), hopeless (絕望的), endless(無休止的), spotless(潔白的)等。(2) 某些形容詞+ly副詞。

14、如：carefully, safely(直接加ly); angrily, heavily, healthily(變y為i，再加ly), comfortably, terribly(把末尾的ble改為bly), truly(此詞特殊，去e加ly)。(3) 某些形容詞+ness名詞。如：sadness, kindness, illness, sickness, happiness(變y為i，再加ness)等。(4) 某些動(dòng)詞+er或or(的人) / ation / ment名詞。如：listener, reader, player, writer, driver(結(jié)尾有e，只加r); visito

15、r, actor, inventor; operateoperation, examineexamination; development, payment等。(5) 某些動(dòng)詞+ing(令人的) / ed(感到的) / able(具有的) 形容詞。如：interesting(令人感到有趣的), interested(感到有趣的), exciting(令人興奮的), excited(感到興奮的), worried(感到擔(dān)心的), changeable(變化的), comfortable(舒適的) 等。其他一些變化的學(xué)過的單詞有different(形容詞)difference(名詞), confi

16、dent(形容詞)confidence(名詞), difficult(形容詞)difficulty(名詞), friend(名詞)friendly(形容詞), dead(形容詞)die(動(dòng)詞)death(名詞), sleep(動(dòng)詞，名詞)asleep(形容詞) 等。在做詞形轉(zhuǎn)化一類試題時(shí)，還需懂得不同詞性(類) 在句中的作用，如作主語或賓語一般用名詞或代詞，作定語或表語用形容詞，修飾動(dòng)詞用狀語用副詞等等。ww中考英語詞語釋義題練習(xí)找出與句中劃線部分意思相同或相近的解釋：1. I couldnt fall asleep last night because I was excited.A. sp

17、eakB. get to sleepC. go to bedD. fall down2. There are lots of interesting books in our school library.A. a fewB. someC. manyD. much3. Can you look after my baby when Im away?A. look atB. look forC. take care ofD. feed 4. I found it very hard to finish the work in such a short time.A. difficultB. di

18、fferentC. badD. easy5. We will enjoy ourselves during the three-week holiday.A. have a good timeB. have a restC. look after ourselvesD. help ourselves6. Miss Li has taught in this school for over twenty years.A. nearlyB. more thanC. aboutD. less than7. Mike goes to school on foot every day.A. rides

19、to schoolB. walks to schoolC. has a walk after schoolD. gets to school by bike8. I visited my uncle in my hometown last Sunday.A. foundB. helpedC. went to seeD. met9. Mr Wang asked me to clean the blackboard at once.A. only onceB. at lastC. right awayD. just now 10. We should help our mother do some

20、 washing.A. clean the roomB. do some cleaningC. wash clothesD. wash some vegetables【答案與解析】1. B fall asleep。意為“入睡”，與 get to sleep 同義。2. C lots of。意為“許多”，與 many 同義，也可說成 a lot of。3. C look after。意為“照顧”，與此 take care of 同義。4. A hard。意為“困難的”，與 difficult 同義。5. A enjoy oneself。意為“玩得高興”、“過得愉快”，與 have a good

21、time 同義。6. B over。意為“多于”，與 more than 同義。7. B go to school on foot。意為“步行去上學(xué)”，與walk to school 同義。8. C visit。意為“看望”，在此與 go to see 同義。9. C at once。意為“馬上”，在此與 right away 同義。10. C do some washing。意為“洗衣服”，與 wash clothes 同義。【模擬試題】一、根據(jù)句意和所給首字母補(bǔ)全句中的單詞1. Shall we meet at the e_ of the cinema at 8?2. After a ca

22、reful d_ they decided to put off the meeting.3. The old man is s_ ill.4. The more careful you are, the f_ mistakes youll make.5. A_ comes after summer. Its a harvest season.6. Sorry, I didnt hear you c_. Please say it again.7. China has the l_ population in the world.8. Chinese families get t_ and c

23、elebrate the bright round moon.9. Hurry up, or youll be l_ for the meeting.10. W_ is between Tuesday and Thursday. 11. How many seasons are there in most parts of China?  Four. S_ summer, autumn and winter.12. When is Fathers Day? Its on the t_ Sunday in June.13. Have you ever heard of Yao

24、 Ming?  Im his fan! Im p_ of him.14. How did your p_ like the film last night?  My mother thought it was terrible, but my father liked it very much.15. Do you keep a d_?   Yes. I started to write many years ago.16. The house is too dear. I cant _ it. (be able to meet th

25、e cost of)17. I have taken many wonderful pictures with the digital c_ (a kind of thing for taking photos).18. Its not only a chance but also a challenge for China to _ (become a member of) the WTO.19. We should r_ (give or pay something back; come or go back) the books to the library in time.20. Do

26、nt jump the q_ (a line of people waiting for something) when you wait for a bus.二、根據(jù)句意和括號(hào)中的漢語提示，在每一橫線上填上一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞1. His favorite subject is art, but _(我的) is music. 2. I found a good job in a big company after I _(畢業(yè)) from university.3. My little sisters hobby is collecting _. (郵票) 4. _(安全) is the m

27、ost important while we are traveling.5. Look! Tina is dancing _(在當(dāng)中) those children over there.6. This year Olympics are _(特殊) because the games are coming back to the country where they started.7. Mother often_(鼓勵(lì)) me to solve problem by myself. 8. Her father has just had his _(四十) birthday.9.1 hav

28、ent heard from him since last _. (一月)10. He felt so _ (饑餓) that he ate three bowls of noodles.11. Whats the _ (溫度) today?12. His uncle can speak several _ (語言).13. Could you tell me how to _ (發(fā)音) this word?14. The exam paper is very easy. You can do it well all by _ (你們). 15.1 think the tenth exerci

29、se is as interesting as the _ (九). 16. The museum is about twenty _ (分鐘) walk from here.17. His mother is busy _ (澆水) the flowers in the garden.18. I will remember my first English teacher f _(永遠(yuǎn)).19. The engineer finished r _ (修理) the tractor very soon.20. N _ (天然的) food is good for our health.三、根據(jù)

30、句子的意思，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空1. The population of China is _ than that of the USA.2. My little sister is old _to go to school.3. _ are used for cutting things.4. Of all the _, I like maths best. 5. My mother bought a new bike as my _.6. I havent _ from Jim for a long time.7. John got up too late to have breakfast, so he felt _ at school yesterday.8. Lets learn from each other and make progress _.9. Is your friend _ or old?10. If you _ the library book, you must pay for it.11. This pen is only 2 yuan. Its very _.12. There will be a football _ on TV this Sunday afternoon.13. Doing eye _ is good for