八年級(jí)上冊(cè)形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)(共6頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)一、形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)：1.原級(jí)。2.比較級(jí)，表示“較”或“更一些”的意思。3.最高級(jí)，表示“最”的意思。二、 形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)的構(gòu)成：（一）、規(guī)則變化：一般直接在形容詞或副詞后加-er或-est，如：small - smaller - smallest long-longer-longest 以不發(fā)音-e結(jié)尾的形容詞或副詞直接加 r或 st，如:large - largest - largest nice-nicer-nicest 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-er或-est。 big -bigger

2、-biggest hot- hotter-hottest 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的形容詞和副詞，把“y”變“i”，再加 er或-est.busy-busier-busiest happy-happier-happiest 部分雙音節(jié)及多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞前要加more和most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，如：slowly - more slowly - most slowlydifficult-more difficult-most difficultbeautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful（二）、不規(guī)則的變化：good / well-better-bestmany

3、/much-more-mostbad / ill / badly -worse-worstlittle-less-leastfar - farther / further - farthest/ furthestold- older/ elder- oldest/ eldest三、形容詞、副詞原級(jí)的用法1. 修飾形容詞副詞原級(jí)的常見(jiàn)的詞有：very, so, too, enough, quite 等。2. 常用句型：（1）“甲+ be動(dòng)詞+ as +形容詞原級(jí)+ as + 乙”“甲+ 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ as +副詞原級(jí)+ as + 乙”表示甲乙兩者在某一方面程度相等。Im as tall as yo

4、u. He runs as fast as you. (2)“甲+ be+not+ as/so +形/副 原級(jí)+ as + 乙” “甲+ dont/doesnt+行為動(dòng)詞原形+ as/so +形/副 原級(jí)+ as + 乙”表示甲不如乙. Im not as/so tall as you . He doesnt run as/so fast as you.This book isnt as/so interesting as that one.(3) “甲+ 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+less +形/副 原級(jí)+than +乙” 表示甲不如乙.This book is less interesting than

5、that one.Tom writes less carefully than Jim.四、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的用法：1.表示兩者進(jìn)行比較就用比較級(jí)，修飾形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的常見(jiàn)的詞有：a little, a bit, a lot, still, no, any, much, even , far 等。2.比較級(jí)常用句型：（1）“甲+ be + 形容詞比較級(jí)+ than+ 乙”“甲+ 行為動(dòng)詞 + 副詞比較級(jí)+ than+ 乙”表示甲比乙注意：than后面接代詞時(shí), 一般要用主格形式， 但在口語(yǔ)中也可使用賓格形式。 如：My brother is taller than I / me. Lily

6、s room is bigger than mine.Tom writes more carefully than Jim.(2)甲+ 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)+ than+ any other+單數(shù)名詞+ （介詞短語(yǔ)） 表示甲比其他任何一個(gè).都.Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.Tom writes more carefully than any other sudent in his class.(3) “甲+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ the + 比較級(jí)+ of the two + 其他” 表示 “甲是兩者中較.的”。Lucy is the tall

7、er of the two girls.(4)“比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)” “more and more +多音節(jié)形容詞/副詞” 表示 “越來(lái)越.”Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.(5) “the + 比較級(jí), the + 比較級(jí)” 表示“越.就越.”The more we get together, the happier we will be. 我們聚會(huì)得越多，我們就越高興。The more careful you are, the fewer

8、mistakes you will make.(6) Who/ Which + 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ 比較級(jí)， 甲 or 乙？表示兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇“哪一個(gè)更.”Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?Which sweater is more beautiful , the yellow one or the pink one?Who draws better ,Tom or Jim?五、最高級(jí)的用法：1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用最高級(jí)。形容詞的最高級(jí)要加定冠詞the , 副詞最高級(jí)前的the可有可無(wú)。注意：當(dāng)形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞，指示代詞，名詞所有格修

9、飾時(shí)，不再加the.2.最高級(jí)主要句型有: 甲+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+the + adj./adv.最高級(jí) (+名詞單數(shù))+of/ in 短語(yǔ)“甲在某一范圍或某一群體中最.” a. in 表示“在內(nèi)(指某范圍內(nèi))” 可以跟表示單位,組織,時(shí)間等單數(shù)名詞. He runs the fastest in his class. b. of表示屬性(指在同類(lèi)的人,物中)后可接：the +基數(shù)詞 the +基數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù) all +the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 all eg. Jim works hardest of us all. Jim works hardest of the three (students)Tom

10、gets up most earlier of all the students.My mother is the busiest in my family（2 ）甲+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ the +序數(shù)詞 +形/副最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of 短語(yǔ) “.是第.最.的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China(3) 甲+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+one of the+形/副最高級(jí) +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+of/in 短語(yǔ)“.是最.之一”eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中國(guó)最大的城市之一。

11、(4)特殊疑問(wèn)詞+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+the+形/副 最高級(jí)，A，B or C? “在A(yíng),B,C中，.最.?”which book do you like best, A, B or C?Who has the most books, Li Lei ,Jim or Tom?六、使用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn) 比較應(yīng)在同類(lèi)事物中進(jìn)行.His bag is bigger than me(誤)His bag is bigger than mine(正) 避免雙重比較.即：構(gòu)成比較級(jí)時(shí)不能既加詞尾-er，又在其前加more。他的英語(yǔ)比我的英語(yǔ)好多了。   誤：His En

12、glish is more better than mine.   正：His English is much better than mine比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)前的修飾語(yǔ)不可誤用.若加強(qiáng)比較級(jí)的語(yǔ)氣，其前通常可用far, even, still,  a bit, any, no, much 等修飾，注意不要按漢語(yǔ)意思用very, fairly等修飾比較級(jí)。如：

13、   他比你強(qiáng)壯得多。   誤：He is very stronger than you.   正：He is much stronger than you. 最高級(jí)后的介詞in與of. a. in 表示“在內(nèi)(指某范圍內(nèi))” 可以跟表示單位,組織,時(shí)間等單數(shù)名詞. b. of表示屬性(指在同類(lèi)的人,物中)后可接 the +基數(shù)詞 / the +基數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù) / all +the +

14、復(fù)數(shù)名詞/all形容詞的最高級(jí)前要用the，但是當(dāng)形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞，指示代詞，名詞所有格修飾時(shí)，不再加the.比較級(jí)前不加the.但當(dāng)特指兩者中“較(更)”時(shí)，比較級(jí)前通常要帶定冠詞the 。Mary was the more beautiful of the two. 瑪麗是這兩個(gè)人當(dāng)中較美麗的。   This dictionary is the more useful of the two.&#

15、160;在這兩本詞典中，這本更有用。 針對(duì)練習(xí)：改錯(cuò)：1. His computer is cheaper than I.2. Mary is very younger than her brother.3. Shanghai is bigger than any city in China.4. Tom is taller of the two brothers.5.This is my the best friend.6.Today is happiest day of my life. 七、 比較句型的轉(zhuǎn)換：1.“not so/as. as”與“比較級(jí)+than”的轉(zhuǎn)換eg:He is

16、not as/so old as I.= I am older than he.=He is younger than me. 他年齡沒(méi)有我大。Tom doesnt draw so/as well as Jim.=Jim draws better than Tom.=Tom draws worse than Jim.湯姆繪畫(huà)沒(méi)有吉姆好2. “more.than”與“l(fā)ess. than”的轉(zhuǎn)換I think art is less popular than music.=I think music is more popular than art.我認(rèn)為音樂(lè)比美術(shù)更流行。Computers a

17、re more useful than TV sets.=TV sets are less useful than computers.電腦比電視有用。3.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換：Bill is the tallest student in his class.=Bill is the taller than the other students in his class.=Bill is taller than any other student in his class.=Bill is taller than any of the other students in his class.

18、= Bill is taller than any of the others in his class. Lucy writes the most carefully of the three girls.=Lucy writes more carefully than the other two girls.練習(xí)題：一、寫(xiě)出以下各形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：1. nice _ 2. fat _3. slow _4. dry _5. happy_ 6. wet _7. much _8. ill _9. little _ 10. bad _11. thin _12.far_13.early_14.

19、careful_15. exciting _16. busy _二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)形容詞或副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1. This horse is very _ (strong), but that horse is much _ (strong) than this one.2. Its so late, so I drive the car _(slowly) than usual.3. He went _(far) than the other explorers.4. The _(little) you eat, the _(thin) you are.5. The Beijing Librar

20、y is one of _(big) libraries in China.6. The street is as _(long) as that one, but it is_ (wide) than that one.7. His drawing isnt so _(good) as yours.8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes _(small) and _(small).9. This piano is _(expensive) than the other two. It is _(expensiv

21、e) of the three.10. Which is _(difficult), English, physics or biology?三、單選題：1The Yellow River is one of _ in China.A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river D. the long river2. Does he speak Chinese _ his brother?A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than3. Which

22、shirt do you like _, the white one or the blue one?A. better B. good C. best D. much4. This picture book is not _ that one.A. so interesting as B. so interesting than C. as interesting than D. interesting as5. This article is _ than that one.A. much easier B. more easier C. much more easier D. more

23、easy6. The Changjiang River is _ river in China.A. long B. longest C. the longest D. Longer7.My hair is longer than _ . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brothers D. Lucys8. There is_ paper here .Please bring some. A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little9. The pen is_than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C.

24、 much cheaper D. quite cheaper10.Tom speaks Chinese_ better than Jimmy. A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much 11. An elephant is _ than a tiger. (長(zhǎng)沙市) A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier 12. Lesson Ten is _ than Lesson Nine. (哈爾濱市) A. difficult B. more difficult C. difficulter D. very di

25、fficult 13. The bread is _ than those cakes. A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious 14. Few of us like him because he thinks _ of others of h than imself. A. much more B. a little C. much D. much less 15. Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? (南京市) Certainly, we can

26、 buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better, better than B. a worse, as good as C. a cheaper, as good as D. a more important, not as good as 16Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second _ in Shanghai.A, large B, larger C, largest D, very large17. In our city, its _ in July, but it is even _ in August. (天津市) A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hotter, hot D. hot, hotter 18. Mary has three