中考英語語法第十四講--定語從句

1、12限制性定語從句考點(diǎn)與學(xué)習(xí)方法限制性定語從句考點(diǎn)與學(xué)習(xí)方法學(xué)習(xí)方法：拆分法連接詞從句的單復(fù)數(shù)與主被動(dòng)3定語從句的連接詞考點(diǎn)（關(guān)系副詞、關(guān)系代詞）基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn):對(duì)人、物分別做主格、賓格的考點(diǎn)（主格兩個(gè)寫法兩個(gè)寫法、賓格四個(gè)寫法）四個(gè)寫法）That問題（問題（1、that對(duì)主格、賓格互換對(duì)主格、賓格互換2、that的三加三不加）的三加三不加）連接詞的省略問題（必須同時(shí)滿足對(duì)賓格提問、介詞后置)賓格時(shí)的介詞前置與后置關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別(where為代表的重點(diǎn)句型）456定語從句- 啥叫定語:修飾方式也 啥叫從句 啥叫定語從句我的書我的書紅色的書紅色的書在桌子上在桌子上的書的書我放在桌我放在桌子上

2、的書子上的書正在移動(dòng)正在移動(dòng)的桌子的桌子被移動(dòng)的被移動(dòng)的桌子桌子My bookThe red bookThe book on the tableThe book that I put on the tableThe moving tableThe table movingThe moved table The table moved人稱代詞+nAdj+ nN+介詞短語N+定語從句N+ vingN+ ved8 主謂賓狀-解釋狀語-練習(xí)調(diào)順序 解釋定語概念-有名詞的地方就有定語 漢語修飾方式統(tǒng)統(tǒng)前置 英語修飾方式-形容詞前置，其他統(tǒng)統(tǒng)放名詞后面9 定語定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞分詞、

3、不定式不定式、介詞短語介詞短語等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例） 例： Mary is a beautiful girl. The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk. 101112拆分法拆、找、合 一個(gè)戴眼鏡的女孩在上課 拆：拆成有同一個(gè)字的兩個(gè)句子。 一個(gè)女孩在上課，這個(gè)女孩戴眼鏡。 找：找同一字 翻譯句子 the girl is having class; the girl wears glasses 根據(jù)特殊疑問句的知識(shí)，在第二句找出特殊疑問詞 the girl wears gl

4、asseswho 合：把特殊疑問句緊挨著同一字放上去 The girl who wears glasses is having class13拆分法學(xué)定語從句 這個(gè)戴眼鏡的學(xué)生在吃飯 拆：拆成有兩個(gè)同一詞的兩個(gè)句子 這個(gè)學(xué)生在吃飯，這個(gè)學(xué)生戴眼鏡 The student is having dinner, the student wears glasses 找: the student wears glasses-who 合: The student who wears glasses is having dinner 我們用我05年買的電腦 拆：We use the computer, I

5、bought the computer in 2005. 找： I bought the computer in 2005.which 合； We use the computer which/that/不填 I bought in 2005.14 我在街上遇到了這個(gè)我以前在上海交的朋友 我在街上遇到了這個(gè)朋友，我以前在上海交朋友 I met the friend on the street. I made the friend in Shanghai. Who/Whom I made in Shanghai. I met the friend who I made in Shanghai o

6、n the street 他喜歡這個(gè)以前唱流行歌曲的主持人host 他喜歡這個(gè)主持人，他以前唱流行歌 He likes the host. The host sang pop songs. He likes the host who sang pop songs. .15對(duì)物的定語從句 提高練習(xí)：請(qǐng)寫全下列從句的連接詞 他們享受了你們給的禮物 They enjoyed the gifts which you gave. They enjoyed the gifts that you gave. They enjoyed the gifts you gave.(不填) 分析: 對(duì)物，賓格情況下，

7、有三種連詞which/ that/不填 湯姆收到了一份從倫敦郵寄來的卡片send Tom received a card. The card was sent in London. Tom received a card which/that was sent in London. 16對(duì)狀語的拆分 例: 我們參觀了魯迅曾經(jīng)居住過的房子. 拆：We visited the house. Luxun lived in the house. 找：Luxun lived in the house where 合: We visited the house where Luxun lived. 難點(diǎn):

8、 學(xué)習(xí)判斷地點(diǎn)時(shí)，到底是賓語還是狀語。賓語成分用which; 地點(diǎn)狀語成分用where. 例: 我們待在據(jù)說是魯班建造的房子里 拆: we stay in the house. It is said that Luban built the house. 找:It is said that Luban built the house.which 合: We stay in the house which it is said that Luban built.17指人指人指物指物主語主語賓語賓語that whichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法 關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：關(guān)系代詞在從句

9、中可以：何時(shí)可以省略？何時(shí)可以省略？做做賓語賓語時(shí)可以省略時(shí)可以省略18Whose的用法 例：我喜歡去有悠久歷史的地方 拆：I like to visit a place. The places history is long. 概念顛覆： His book whose book. Toms book whose book The places history whose history 找：The places history is long.whose 合: I like to visit a place whose history is long. 例：Do you know the w

10、oman whose name is Mary. 例：Pass me the dictionary of which cover is black. 總結(jié)：whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語在從句中作定語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞修飾表示人或物的先行詞. 對(duì)物可用對(duì)物可用whose, of which 兩種兩種19201)This is the hero( whom/that/who/不填不填) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud .2)She is the girl whom/that/wh

11、o/不填不填I(lǐng) went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there.注意: 固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前介詞不能提前.例如例如:look after,look at v關(guān)系代詞與介詞關(guān)系代詞與介詞 介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí),介詞賓語只能用介詞賓語只能用which代物代物, 和和whom代人代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí)介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略關(guān)系詞可以省略)2122v 有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用而不宜用which 定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（一）定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)

12、（一）231. 從句所修飾的詞又被從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)或或 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí),只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)從句引導(dǎo)從句.This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard.The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.242. 先行詞是先行詞是all, something, nothing, anything不定代詞不定代詞時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用that. Here is something( tha

13、t) I will tell you. Not all that glitters is gold.253. 先行詞既有先行詞既有人人也有也有物物時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用that引引 出從句出從句 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.264. 先行詞是先行詞是one of,the one, 或用或用much, little, few, no, any 作修飾，用作修飾，用that Is it the one that you want ? We havent got much that you can offe

14、r us.275. 當(dāng)當(dāng)主句主句已有已有疑問詞疑問詞 who或或which時(shí)，時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系詞用that Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?28 who、that在許多情況下在許多情況下 可以通用，但有時(shí)宜用可以通用，但有時(shí)宜用who,而不用而不用that 定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（二）定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（二）291. 先行詞是先行詞是one(s), anyone, someone, those 時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用who。 Those who want t

15、o go to the Great Wall sign up here.2. 在在there be 句型中，先行詞指人句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞用用who There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.30不能用that的情況 1、非限制性定語從句不用that 2、介詞前置時(shí)不用that 3、關(guān)系副詞不用that3132附加部分附加部分 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有代詞一樣，具有 多重

16、作用。多重作用。o 在從句中代替先行詞。在從句中代替先行詞。o 在從句中在從句中作狀語作狀語。o 連接作用連接作用33 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有有三種三種： where: 在從句中作在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語,指代地點(diǎn)指代地點(diǎn). when: 在從句中作在從句中作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語,指代時(shí)間。指代時(shí)間。why: 在從句中作在從句中作原因狀語原因狀語,指代原因。指代原因。 34關(guān)系副詞的用法：關(guān)系副詞的用法： 1.where 的用法：的用法：(先行詞應(yīng)是先行詞應(yīng)是地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)名詞） The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel. We stayedwher

17、e.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞從句從句=The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.35時(shí)間狀語when 例:我總是記得我們相遇的那一天 拆：我總是記得那一天。我們相遇在那一天。 I always remember the day. We met on the day. 找：on the day when 合: I always remember the day when we met.36原因狀語why固定句型the reason why 例：這就是你總是遲到的原因。 This is the reason why you are late. 例：這就是我邀請(qǐng)你參

18、加晚會(huì)的原因。 This is the reason why I invite you to take part in the party.37381Friends are those make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.A. which B. what C. whom D. who2Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers for people get off the bus.A. who B.

19、 what C. which D. where3-Barbara, where do you work? -I work for a company sells cars.A. which B. where C. what D. who4-Do you know Hong Zhanhui? -Yes. Hes the college student has moved Chinese people.A. who B. which C. what D. whom39 5Jamie is a young cook wants to improve school dinners. A. who B.

20、 whose C. whom D. which 6- Do you know the girl in red is? -Im not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what 7Pauls uncle is the man taught us math last year. A. where B. which C. who D. when 8The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease has caused many deaths. A. who B. whic

21、h C. whom D. what409Is that the man helped us a lot after the earthquake. A. whose B. which C. when D. who10-The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it? -Yes, it has built many schools those children can study happily. A. where B. when C. which D. what11The panda is a kind of animal

22、can be found only in China. A. who B. whose C. which D. where12_have finished the work can leave.A. Those who B.Any one C. The one who D. which4113I like the music I can dance to. A. that B. whose C. when D. how14-Is the girl is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? -Yes, she is a jo

23、urnalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose15 I like to visit a place history is long.A. which B. that C. whose D. who16The number of people lost their lives in Indonesian earthquake reached as many as 6200. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose4217a robot is a machine can do some difficult work

24、 instead of man.A. who B. / C. that D. what18-Excuse me, can I have a talk with your manager? -Yes? I am just the man you are looking for. A. whose B. what C. who D. which19Rosa likes music is quiet and gentle. A. when B. that C. where D. who20The book he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B

25、. why C. when D. what43 21 Im a football fan. Im interested in everything is about the 2006 World Cup. A. who B. that C. where D. when 22My parents usually buy me some simple clothes can last a long time. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 23-Do you like the red car is made in Tianjin? -Sure, it looks terrific. A. where B. who C. which D. when441.D.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞之人且在從句中作主語是，關(guān)系代詞用who.2.A.考點(diǎn)分析:people是定語從句的先行詞，指人，且在定語從句中作主語，故關(guān)系代詞用who.3.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是a company, 所以關(guān)系代詞用which.4.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是the college student大學(xué)生，是指人，且在從句中作主語，故選擇who.5.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是J