高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句總結(jié)講解學(xué)習(xí)

1、高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句總結(jié)這是我的杯子這是我的杯子This is This is mymy cup. cup.這是裝滿水的杯子。這是裝滿水的杯子。This is the cup This is the cup full of teafull of tea. .這是我喝茶用的杯子。這是我喝茶用的杯子。This is the cup This is the cup which I drink tea withwhich I drink tea with. .當(dāng)你用一個(gè)詞不能盡情表達(dá)你想說(shuō)的意思時(shí)，當(dāng)你用一個(gè)詞不能盡情表達(dá)你想說(shuō)的意思時(shí)， 就用短語(yǔ)；就用短語(yǔ)； 如果短語(yǔ)還不能滿足，就用從句。如果短語(yǔ)還

2、不能滿足，就用從句。定語(yǔ)從句的定義定語(yǔ)從句的定義 定語(yǔ)從句，也稱關(guān)系從句和形容詞性從句，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，用來(lái)限制，描繪或說(shuō)明主句中的某一個(gè)名詞或代詞（有時(shí)也可以說(shuō)明整個(gè)句子或主句中的一部分），即句子作定語(yǔ)。The girlThe girl whowho is standing there is Mary. is standing there is Mary.先行詞先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。 先行詞先行詞 + + 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句（ 名詞名詞/ /代詞代詞 ） + +（關(guān)系詞其他成分

3、）（關(guān)系詞其他成分）關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 起著起著連接主從句連接主從句，指代先行詞指代先行詞和和在從句中作句子成分在從句中作句子成分的三重作用。的三重作用。先行詞 關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句 1.連接作用:引導(dǎo)從句并同時(shí)連接主句. 2.指代作用:在從句中指代它前面的先行詞. 3.成分作用:在從句中充當(dāng)成分.如:主語(yǔ)(who,that,which);賓語(yǔ)(who, whom,which,that); 表語(yǔ)(that,as);定語(yǔ)(whose,of whom/which);時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(when),地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(where)和原因狀語(yǔ)(why).說(shuō)明:關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略,其他成分一般不可

4、省略.判斷是定語(yǔ)從句的三要素 1. 看是否有先行詞。 2 看是否有關(guān)系詞。 3 看是否關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做成分。This is This is the cupthe cup whichwhich I drink tea with. I drink tea with.The girlThe girl whowho is standing thereis standing there is Mary. is Mary.This is This is the scientistthe scientist whosewhose name is known all over the country. n

5、ame is known all over the country.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句里做賓語(yǔ)。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)。關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)。 October 1,1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. This is the place where my mother was born. I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞在

6、定語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中原因狀語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞thatthat人人+物物否whose/of whichwhose 作定語(yǔ) 是which/thatWho(m) /that 作賓語(yǔ)否是否可略是否可略which/thatwho/that 作主語(yǔ)物物人人 句子成分先行詞作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)thatthat /which是在定語(yǔ)從句中用什么關(guān)系詞的方法 1.看先行詞是什么. 2.看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么成分看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么成分.主語(yǔ)(who,that,which);賓語(yǔ)(who, whom,which,t

7、hat); 表語(yǔ)(that,as);定語(yǔ)(whose,of whom/which);時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(when),地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(where)和原因狀語(yǔ)(why).Titanic is the ship _ sank after hitting an iceberg.that/whichRose and Jack are the lovers _ met on the ship.who/that3. The house they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. 1. The earthquake hit the city in 2008 was the

8、biggest in Chinese history.2. We dont know the number of people lost their homes in 1906 earthquakethat / which that / who （which /that）4. The students are talking about the strange stories and persons _ they met in the village. 5. Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher .6. Luckily none of t

9、he people _ I know were killed in the earthquake .(who/whom/that)whose(that)1. 先行詞是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)用先行詞是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)用that，而，而不用不用whichThe first place _ they visited was Yangzhou. This is the third film _ has been shown in our school this term.The most important thing _ should be done now is to study Engli

10、sh.(that)thatthat(that)This is the best film _ I have seen.2. 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)用先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)用that，而用而用which.先行詞由指人和指物的名詞并列構(gòu)成時(shí)用先行詞由指人和指物的名詞并列構(gòu)成時(shí)用that，而不用而不用whichThe writer and his novel _ you have just talked about is really well known.The bike and its rider _ had run over an old woman were held up

11、by the police.There is nothing _ they want to buy.That is all _ I want to say.(that)(that)(that)that4 .先行詞是先行詞是all, much, little, few, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代詞用等不定代詞用that，而不用，而不用which5 .先行詞被先行詞被any, few ,little, no, all, one of, the same , the very, the only , jus

12、t the等詞等詞修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí)The only thing _ we could do was to wait.This is one of the presents _ my boy friend gave me on my birthday.6 . .如有主句含兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞如有主句含兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用已用whichwhich，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞則宜用，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞則宜用that,that,以避免以避免語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)或重復(fù)。語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)或重復(fù)。Edison built up a factory which produced things _ had never be

13、en seen before. (that)(that)that7. 主句已有疑問詞主句已有疑問詞which時(shí)時(shí),避免與先行詞重復(fù)。避免與先行詞重復(fù)。Which is the book _ he put here just now?that 8. 主句是主句是There be結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用宜用that指代物。指代物。 Theres still a seat in the corner that is still free。 10.被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。 Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in

14、 a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.先行詞指物時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞先行詞指物時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞宜用宜用that，不宜用，不宜用which的情況：的情況：先行詞指物時(shí)先行詞指物時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞宜用宜用whichwhich而不而不宜用宜用thatthat的情況的情況 This is the liberary from which I borrowed the book. Is this the room in which Mr White lives? Crusoes dog, wh

15、ich was now very old, became ill and died.1、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時(shí)，且關(guān)系代詞一律、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時(shí)，且關(guān)系代詞一律不能省略。不能省略。2、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 3、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞指代前面整個(gè)句子時(shí)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞指代前面整個(gè)句子時(shí)He passed the exam, _ made his father very happy.which小結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)用法要點(diǎn)定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞指物宜用定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞指物宜用that，不宜用，不宜用which的情況的情況. .1. 1.先行詞是最高級(jí)形容詞或它的前面有最高級(jí)形容詞時(shí)先行詞是最

16、高級(jí)形容詞或它的前面有最高級(jí)形容詞時(shí). .2.2.先行詞是序數(shù)詞先行詞是序數(shù)詞, ,或它前面有一個(gè)序數(shù)詞時(shí)或它前面有一個(gè)序數(shù)詞時(shí). .3.3.先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)4.4.先行詞是先行詞是all, much, little,something,everything, all, much, little,something,everything, anything, nothing, none,the oneanything, nothing, none,the one等代詞時(shí)等代詞時(shí)5.5.先行詞先行詞any, few,little,no, all, one of,the s

17、ame, the very, any, few,little,no, all, one of,the same, the very, the only, just thethe only, just the等詞修飾時(shí)等詞修飾時(shí)6.6.如有主句含兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用如有主句含兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞則宜用，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞則宜用that,以避免語(yǔ)言的單以避免語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)或重復(fù)。調(diào)或重復(fù)。7.7.主句已有疑問詞主句已有疑問詞whichwhich時(shí)時(shí)8.8.主句是主句是There be結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用that指

18、代物。指代物。9.被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。先行詞指物時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞宜用先行詞指物時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞宜用which而不而不宜用宜用that的情況的情況。1. 1.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí), ,只用只用whichwhich，且關(guān)系代詞且關(guān)系代詞一律不能省略。一律不能省略。2.2.在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，只用在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，只用whichwhich，不用，不用thatthat。3.3.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞指代前面整個(gè)句子時(shí)。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞指代前面整個(gè)句子時(shí)。 先行詞指人時(shí)先行詞指人時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞宜用宜用whowho而不宜而不宜用用thatthat的情況：

19、的情況： 、先行詞為、先行詞為one, ones, anyone或或those時(shí)。時(shí)。 The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard and works well. Anyone who failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason. Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once. 在在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用 關(guān)系代詞

20、關(guān)系代詞who指代人。指代人。 Theres a gentleman who wants to see you. There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of attributive clause.關(guān)系代詞與介詞關(guān)系代詞與介詞 1. 1. 當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，介詞賓語(yǔ)只能當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，介詞賓語(yǔ)只能用用whichwhich代物代物，whomwhom代人代人。且關(guān)系代詞一律。且關(guān)系代詞一律不能省略。不能省略。( (固定短語(yǔ)中的介詞不可提前固定短語(yǔ)中的介詞不可提前) ) 例

21、如：例如：I want to find the pen I want to find the pen with whichwith which I I wrote that letter.wrote that letter. 2. 2.介詞在末尾時(shí)，可用介詞在末尾時(shí)，可用that/whichthat/which（代物），（代物），that/whom/whothat/whom/who（代人）做介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且（代人）做介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且這個(gè)介詞賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞往往省略。這個(gè)介詞賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞往往省略。 例如：例如：The man The man whom/who/that/whom/who/that/可

22、省可省 he he wants to see is in Shanghai.wants to see is in Shanghai. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句 She wears the same kind of clothes as her sister wears.(不是同一件不是同一件) (Cf. She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.（同一件）（同一件） Such people as were recommended by him were reliable .) He is as

23、great a painter as ever lived. In the city, I once saw so grand a National Day celebration as I never dreamt of. .定語(yǔ)從句的分類定語(yǔ)從句的分類： （1 1）限定性定語(yǔ)從句）限定性定語(yǔ)從句：與先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果：與先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果 沒有定語(yǔ)從句，主句含混不清，不完整。限定性定語(yǔ)從沒有定語(yǔ)從句，主句含混不清，不完整。限定性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間句與先行詞之間無(wú)逗號(hào)無(wú)逗號(hào)。 （2 2）非限定性定語(yǔ)從句）非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：是先行詞的一個(gè)附加語(yǔ)，：是先行詞的一個(gè)附加語(yǔ)，對(duì)先行詞起進(jìn)一步說(shuō)

24、明作用，如果刪掉它，主句的意義對(duì)先行詞起進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明作用，如果刪掉它，主句的意義仍然是完整的。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間仍然是完整的。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有逗號(hào)有逗號(hào)。 This is the house which we bought last month. 這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子。The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個(gè)月買的。 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（一）限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（一）（限制性）（限制性）（非限制性）（非限制性） which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)說(shuō)明

25、前面整整個(gè)句子個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分某一部分。 有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞。 3. 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物。 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 as與與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 Wherever I met him, which was fairly frequent, I liked his sweet hopeful smile.The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. As is often the case, we have w

26、orked out the production plan. Grammar, as has been said before, is not a set of dead rules. He is a bit out of his mind, as all those who know him can see. As a poet points out, life is but a dream. The material is elastic, as ( is ) shown in the figure. 1. which（它所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放在（它所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放在先行詞后）先行詞

27、后） 2. as （它所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞前（它所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞前后都可以，并可翻譯成后都可以，并可翻譯成“正如正如”）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞asas的用法及其與的用法及其與whichwhich的區(qū)別。的區(qū)別。關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞as可以放在句子的開頭，可以使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，可以放在句子的開頭，可以使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而關(guān)系代詞而關(guān)系代詞which則不可以。請(qǐng)比較則不可以。請(qǐng)比較：1.Our department will hold the meeting, as is known by us. as在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的常用短語(yǔ)有：在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的常用短語(yǔ)有： as is well

28、 known as we all know as may be imagined as is expected as we had expected as is often the case _we all know, he is a famous scientist._is expected, he is a diligent boy._ everyone knows, it is necessary to build a hospital in this small town.It is necessary to build a hospital in this small town, _

29、is clear to us.1.Our department will hold the meeting, _ is known by us.AsAsAswhichas關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先觀察下面各句，嘗試總結(jié)一下先觀察下面各句，嘗試總結(jié)一下紅色部分紅色部分的用法。的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 3

30、) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didnt catch the bus. 你還記得我和你在美國(guó)共度的那些日子嗎？他效力了20年的那個(gè)工廠倒閉了。他之所以遲到，原因是沒趕上公交車。 小結(jié)歸納小結(jié)歸納 when 通常放在表示時(shí)間的名詞(先行詞)后引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，如句1）； where放在表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(先行詞)后引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，如句2）； why經(jīng)常放在reason (先行詞)的后面來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，如句3）； 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法的用法 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中只能充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，

31、當(dāng)一個(gè)句關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中只能充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，當(dāng)一個(gè)句子不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，并能夠完整地表達(dá)一個(gè)意子不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，并能夠完整地表達(dá)一個(gè)意思時(shí)，這時(shí)我們不需要關(guān)系代詞，就可以給這個(gè)句思時(shí)，這時(shí)我們不需要關(guān)系代詞，就可以給這個(gè)句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。2. 先行詞和關(guān)系副詞的種類先行詞和關(guān)系副詞的種類先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)wherewhenwhy關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=介詞介詞+ which 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 和介詞和介詞+which的的關(guān)系關(guān)系 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why

32、可用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~可用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來(lái)替代來(lái)替代。如：如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+whichPs:介詞的選用取決于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞。介介詞的選用取決于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞。介詞的位置非常靈活，有時(shí)放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)放詞的位置非常靈活，有時(shí)放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。（在動(dòng)詞之后。（注意固定短語(yǔ)中介詞的位置注意固定短語(yǔ)中介詞的位置）whenwhen在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞 + which”+ which”。Ill never forget the

33、 Ill never forget the dayday whenwhen I joined the army. I joined the army.on whichJim still remembers Jim still remembers the happy timethe happy time whenwhen we got we got together last year. together last year. during whichIt is It is 1st Oct.1st Oct. whenwhen we celebrate our nations we celebra

34、te our nations birthday. birthday. on whichwherewhere在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞 + which”+ which”。This is the This is the househouse wherewhere I lived two years ago. I lived two years ago.in whichWe got the We got the stationstation early early wherewhere we saw Tom off. we saw Tom off. at

35、whichwhywhy在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞 for+ which”for+ which”。Do you know the Do you know the reasonreason whywhy she was late. she was late.for whichShe will never tell us the She will never tell us the reasonsreasons whywhy she married she married such an old man. such an old man. for whic

36、h1.I wont forget the time _I got married.2.Have you still remember the days _we stayed together?3.This is the place _we had a good time.4.Is this the house _Mr. Smith lives?5.I dont know the reason _he wont join us.6.Do you know the reason _he didnt come to sweep the classroom?whenin whichwhenon whi

37、chwhereduring whichwherein whichwhyfor whichwhyfor which 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where和關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系代詞that, which的區(qū)分的區(qū)分 同樣是修飾一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)使用同樣是修飾一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)使用wherewhere，有時(shí)使用，有時(shí)使用that/whichthat/which；同樣是修飾一個(gè)時(shí)間，有時(shí)使用同樣是修飾一個(gè)時(shí)間，有時(shí)使用whenwhen， 有時(shí)使用有時(shí)使用that/whichthat/which同樣是修飾同樣是修飾reasonreason，有時(shí)使用，有時(shí)使用whywhy，有時(shí)使用，有時(shí)使用that.that.主要看

38、：主要看： 從句意思是否完整；完整的話需用關(guān)系副詞做從句意思是否完整；完整的話需用關(guān)系副詞做狀語(yǔ)，若意思不完整則需加關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。狀語(yǔ)，若意思不完整則需加關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。 請(qǐng)比較以下句子請(qǐng)比較以下句子： This is the park _we visited last year. This is the park _ we held a birthday party. Thats the date _she wont forget for ever. Thats the date _ we went to the college. I like the time _ we ha

39、d together. I like the time _we lived together. This is the reason_he explained for his carelessness in his work. This is the reason_ he did so. (that)whywhen從句意思不完整需要加賓語(yǔ)從句意思不完整需要加賓語(yǔ)where（從句完整，只需加上特的關(guān)系副詞做狀語(yǔ)）（從句完整，只需加上特的關(guān)系副詞做狀語(yǔ)）thatthatthatwhen 一些特殊詞之后的一些特殊詞之后的where 解析：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾解析：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point, s

40、ituation, stage, part, condition和和case等表示抽象意義的詞，等表示抽象意義的詞， 常用常用where 引導(dǎo)，意思是引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境到了某種地步，在某種境況中況中” 。 1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 1. We should go to the place_ we are most needed. 2. We should g

41、o to the place_ needs us most. A. it B. where C. that D. what 1B 2C關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that和和which在定語(yǔ)從句中在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when/ where/ why分別在分別在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)， 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)。和原因狀語(yǔ)。 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞先行詞所指先行詞所指關(guān)系詞在句中作用關(guān)系詞在句中作用關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞thatthat人人/ /物物主、賓主、賓whichwhich物物主、賓主、賓whowho人人主、賓主、賓whomwhom人人賓賓whosewh

42、ose人人/ /物物定定關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞whenwhen時(shí)間時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)wherewhere地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)whywhy原因原因原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)1. I still remember the days _ I worked with the farmers. I still remember the days _ I spent with the farmers which B. on which C. when D. what2. We were on the way _ it began to rain. I dont like the way _ you speak to

43、 your parents. A. when B. that C. how D. which 3. The teacher didnt know the reason _ she was absent yesterday.The teacher couldnt accept the reason _ she explained yesterday.A. how B. why C. that D. who4. Is this school _ you ever visited? Is this the school _ you ever studied? Is this the school i

44、n _ you ever studied? A. where B. which C. that D. the one5. This is _ he said at he meeting yesterday. This is all_ he said at the meeting yesterday. A. that B. which C. what D. how6. _ is reported in the newspapers, they have beaten all the other teams. _ is reported in the newspaper that they hav

45、e beaten all the other teams._ is reported in the newspaper is that they have beaten all the other teams. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 7. That is the house, _ windows hasnt been cleaned for months. That is the house, _ the windows hasnt been cleaned for months. That is the house, but _ windows hasnt

46、 been cleaned for months. A. its B. its C. whose D. of which8. John said hed been working in the office for hours, _ true. John said hed been working in the office for hours, but _ true. he was B. it was C. which was D. who was 這是我們?cè)?jīng)住過的房子 這是他們?nèi)ツ杲ǖ姆孔游矣肋h(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起在北京的日子This is the house where/ in which

47、 we once lived.This is the house which/ that they built last year.Ill never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 漢譯英 1.你還記得我們一起在鄉(xiāng)下度過的假期嗎？ 2.這是我父親從前工作過的工廠。 3.我找不到他離開這兒的原因。 4.我知道一個(gè)我們可以玩的開心的地方。 5.那就是他10年前住過的房子。 6.那就是我去美國(guó)的那一年。1.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through

48、.A. Its the reason B. Thats whyC. Theres why D. Its how 2.He made another wonderful discovery, _of great importance to science.A. which I think is B. which I think it isC. which I think it D.I think which is 3.He was very rude to the customs officer, _ of course made things even worse.A. Who B. whom

49、 C. what D. whcih Thats whywhich I think iswhich歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題4.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _ stands the famous tower.A. that B. where C. which D. there 5.The boss _ department Ms King worked ten years ago looks down upon women.A. in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose 6.

50、I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of whichwherein whosethe way歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題7.He lived in London for 3 months, during _ time he learned some English.A. this B. which C. that D. same 8.On the wall hung a picture, _ color is blue.A. whose B.

51、 of which C. which D. its 9.Whenever I met him, _ was fairly often; I like his sweet and hopeful smile.A. what B. which C. that D. whenwhichwhosewhich歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題10.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy.Awho Bwhich Cthis Dwhat (2000

52、) 11. _has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.A. As B. It C. That D. Which whichAs 歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題歷屆高考定語(yǔ)從句例題Practicethe onethatasthatthatwhom I told youamong whichby which(A)that(c)thatwhich Correct mistakes for the following sentences. 1. Under the big tree are 34 students, ma

53、ny of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant? 4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths. 5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football. 6. Who is the girl t

54、hat you talked to her just now? 7. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 8. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhosethatarelikes去掉her去掉itwhoThank you very much! The woman is my mother. She is speaking at the meeting. The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my

55、mother.注意：注意： 因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主 句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都 跟在先行詞之后，而且跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數(shù)必它的人稱、數(shù)必 須和先行詞一致須和先行詞一致。 關(guān)系代詞的省略關(guān)系代詞的省略 1. 1. 條件：只在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略。條件：只在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略。 2. 2. 情況：情況： a. a.關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí) b.b.在從句中做介詞的賓語(yǔ)，在從句中做介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且介詞在句尾且介詞在句尾 例如：例如：Here is the man Her

56、e is the man ( (that)that) you have been you have been looking looking forfor. . c. c.關(guān)系代詞在從句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí)關(guān)系代詞在從句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí) 例如：例如：Shanghai is no longer the city Shanghai is no longer the city (which)(which) it it used to be. used to be. d.d.在在there bethere be句型中，先行詞是句型中，先行詞是wayway時(shí)，關(guān)系代時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞省略。詞省略。 例：例：I dont li

57、ke I dont like the waythe way (that/in (that/in which) which) you talk to me.you talk to me.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that和和which在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when/ where/ why分別在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)分別在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)， 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)。 例如：This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 這是我們?cè)?jīng)住過的房子 This is the house which

58、/ that they built last year. 這是他們?nèi)ツ杲ǖ姆孔?Ill never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起在北京的日子 （Where相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于in the house 做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）(which/ that 指代指代house 做做built 的賓語(yǔ)）的賓語(yǔ)）（When相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于on the days 做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)， on the days “在這些日子在這些日子”）Ill never forget the days which we spent inBeijing.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起在北京的日子That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那個(gè)男孩說(shuō)的原因。（Which指代指代the days 做做