高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句公開(kāi)課教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

1、精品文檔高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句公開(kāi)課教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題十二定語(yǔ)從句.定義定語(yǔ)從句，起形容詞的作用，在句中常用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞稱為先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞稱為關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系詞的作用一是放在先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句中間起引導(dǎo)作用;二是在意義上代替先行詞,并在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。其中關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,which,that,as；關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why。eg.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.Thepenwhichmyunclegavemeismissing.Helivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thefac

2、torywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.Perhapsthedaywillcomewhenpeoplewillbeabletobreathecleanairincities.關(guān)系代詞.先行詞是人，作主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用who,thateg.Heisaman（）neverleavestodaysworktilltomorrow.Theboyisstandingthereismycousin.2.先行詞是人，作賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用whom,who,that,eg.Hereisthemanyouvebeenexpectingtomeet.Themanyoumet

3、yesterdayismr.Smith.3.先行詞是物，作主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用which,thateg.Thetrain（）hasjustleftisforGuangzhou.childrenliketoreadbookshavewonderfulpictures.4.先行詞是物，作賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用which,that,或省略eg.Thebookyouborrowedyesterdayisreallyinteresting.Thepenmyunclegavemeismissing.5.先行詞是人、物，作定語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用whoseeg.Heistheprofessornamewasjackson.c

4、hina,（）populationisthelargestintheworld,isdevelopingveryfast.關(guān)系副詞.先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，在定從中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用wheneg.Icantrememberthedatehewentabroad.IllneverforgetthedayIjoinedthearmy.2.先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，在定從中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用where;其中注意表示抽象概念的地點(diǎn)名詞，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度時(shí)，也需用whereeg.Thisisthevillage（）Unclewangonc

5、elived.Theyhavereachedthepointtheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.3.先行詞是reason，在定從中作原因狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞用whyeg.Idontknowthereasonhewaslate.NoneofusknowthereasonTomwasabsentfromthemeeting.4.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞也可以用“適當(dāng)介詞+which”來(lái)代替。eg.october1,1949wasthed

6、aywhen（=）thePeoplesRepublicofchinawasfounded.Thisisthefactorywhere（=）weworkedayearago.Idontbelievethereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.關(guān)系代詞that&which的區(qū)別:只用that的情況先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)。eg.Thereisnothingcanpreventhimfromdoingit.先行詞被any,only,few,no,very,little等修飾時(shí)。eg.T

7、hisistheverybookImlookingfor.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。eg.ThefirstplacetheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。eg.Hetalkedaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)。eg.mr.Smithistheonlyforeignerheknows.句中已有who或which,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)。eg.whoisthemani

8、sstandingbesideTom?不能用that的情況：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；eg.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,madehisfatherveryangry.介詞+關(guān)系代詞。eg.Thisistheroomin（）myfatherlivedlastyear.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的用法as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常用于thesameas,suchas結(jié)構(gòu)中。eg.ThisisthesamebookIlentyou.Suchmachinesareusedinourworkshoparemadeinchina.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置靈活

9、，用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子。通常用下列句型：asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。eg.Iexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.Taiwan,weallknow,belongstochina.限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的主要區(qū)別:限制性定語(yǔ)從句:一般緊跟在先行詞后面,不用逗號(hào)把從句與先行詞分隔開(kāi)來(lái)。使先行詞的意思十分明確,成為特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就會(huì)失去意義不能成立,或意思不清楚,不

10、能說(shuō)明問(wèn)題。通常譯為定語(yǔ)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:通常由逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開(kāi)。只是對(duì)先行詞作進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明,沒(méi)有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常譯為并列的句子。eg.Iwastheonlypersoninouroffice（）wasinvited.（去掉定語(yǔ)從句，意思就不完整）Tomsfather,（）isoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.（整個(gè)句子可分成兩句來(lái)翻譯）.分隔定語(yǔ)從句即先行詞與關(guān)系代詞、副詞之間被介詞短語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)等分隔開(kāi)來(lái)。此種定語(yǔ)從句，在選擇關(guān)系詞時(shí)，要注意找準(zhǔn)先行詞。eg.Thereisanexpressioninhiseyes（）Ic

11、antunderstand.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewasinvitedtotheimportantball.IsuggestyouchoosesomeoneIthinkisverykindandfriendly.選擇填空：.ItwasApril29,XXPrincewilliamandkatemiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenc.sinceD.before2.)Gutteroilisillegallyrecycledcookingoil,containschemica

12、lsthatareharmfultothehumanbodyandcanevencausecancer.A.itB.whichc.whereD.that3.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.whenB.wherec.thatD.which4.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesarebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.wherec.whatD.that5.whateverisleftovermaybeputintoth

13、erefrigerator,itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichc.whereD.while6.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof-usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.whichB.whatc.themD.those7.Abankistheplacetheylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A.whenB.thatc.whereD.there8.Shehasa

14、giftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents-allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.wherec.whatD.who9TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,-isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatc.whatD.which0.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction-hadtakenmorethanthreeyea

15、rs.A.forwhichB.withwhichc.ofwhichD.towhich1.Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whosec.whenD.where2.Hewassopleasedwithallwehaddoneforhimhewroteusalettertopraiseforit.A.what;whatB.what;thatc.that;whatD.that;that3.Themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth,isknownto

16、everybody.A.itB.asc.thatD.what4.isoftenthecasewithelderpeople,mygrandma,talkedaboutmynewhairstyleforatleast50minutesnonstop.A.ThatB.whichc.AsD.It5.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,youwillreachapointinyourlife-youneedtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatc.whichD.where6.Thenovelwascompletedin1978,theeconomicsyst

17、emhasseengreatchanges.A.whenB.duringwhichc.sincethenD.sincewhen7.Booksbringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindshaveeverlived.A.whichB.whoc.不填D.that8.Theworldismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichwelivec.whereweliveinD.welivein9.Davidissuchagoodboyalltheteacherslike.A.thatB.whoc.asD.whom20.Isthisthereasonatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedc.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained21