2019屆高考英語(yǔ)(通用版)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法填空專題訓(xùn)練：語(yǔ)法填空訓(xùn)練1(含解析)

1、專題四語(yǔ)法填空 訓(xùn)練 1 A (2019 東北三省四市一模) The choices people make can cause can cer.Not every one who 1 (use) tobacco products will get cancer, but the cha nee of gett ing certa in 2 (type) of cancer in creases with tobacco use.The recent research 3 (show) us that the con sta nt misuse or overuse of alcohol ma

2、y cause cancer of the mouth and throat as well recen tly. Sometimes cancer can be caused by radiati on 4 (find) in sun light and X rays, in additi on 5 other places.This does nt mean you should stop getti ng X rays or stay in doors, but limit ing your 6 (expose) to radiati on can reduce the cha nces

3、 of develop ing can cer.The X rays you get at 7 doctors or den tists office are not 8 (typical) eno ugh to cause cancer. And sometimes, the reas on 9 some one gets cancer is simply an unfortun ate mystery.Some cells in the body may start to in crease and cha nge.Doctors and researchers can see it ha

4、ppe ning, 10 they cannot provide a descripti on of why it started. 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了一些可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致患癌的原因 ，如吸煙、喝酒、陽(yáng)光和 X 射線輻射，但這并不絕對(duì)。所以有些人患癌的原因仍是一個(gè)謎。 1. uses 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此句為關(guān)系代詞 who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為 不定代詞“ every on e”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)；且此處陳述一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 故填 use& 2. types 考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：患某些類型癌癥的概率會(huì)隨著煙草的使用而增大。 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用名

5、詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填 types。 3. has shown 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最近的研究已經(jīng)向我們證明酗酒或過(guò)度地飲酒可 能也會(huì)導(dǎo)致口腔癌和咽喉癌。句中含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“ recently”，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填 has shown。 4. found 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有時(shí)癌癥是由于陽(yáng)光和 X 射線的輻射引起的 分析 句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞 find 在句中為非謂語(yǔ)，與其邏輯主語(yǔ) radiation 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故填 found。 5. . to 考查固定短語(yǔ)。 in addition to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“除 . 之外”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填 to。 6. exposure 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空

6、格前的 your可知，此處為形容詞性物主代詞修飾名 詞。故填 expose 的名詞形式 exposure。 7. the 考查冠詞。 句意：你在醫(yī)院或牙科診所里照的 X 射線通常不足以引起癌癥。 at the doctors 是固定搭配，意為在醫(yī)院”。故填冠詞 the。 8. typically 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 空 格 處 修 飾 形 容 詞 enough”，應(yīng)用 typical 的副詞形式。 故填 typically。 9. why 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：有時(shí)一些人患癌癥的原因僅僅只是一個(gè)不幸的謎團(tuán)。分析 句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句， 指代先行詞 reason,在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。 故填

7、 why。 10. but 考查連詞。句意：醫(yī)生和研究者能夠觀察到它正在發(fā)生，但是他們無(wú)法解釋它 開始的原因?？崭袂昂鬄檗D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填 but。 B (2019 合肥三模) Baidu is not a doctor When people 11 (face) with a health or nutrition question, its _ 12 (in creas ing) com mon to go on li ne and diag no se(診斷)themselves.But the Internet is full of con flict ing health warning

8、s with no regulati on to get rid of the wrong advice, some of which _13 (be) extremely dan gerous! Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather tha n 14 (accurate), so solid facts can be tricky to findts worth 15 (check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert.A

9、nyone can call 16 (they) a “dietexpert ，“ “nutritionist ” and even a “ doctor given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD.But remember, only officially 17_(recognise) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical _18 (suggest). So if youre unsure and still wondering 1

10、9 the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays to make 20 appointment with your dietitian or doctor.The truth is out there, and you just n eed to look in the right place! 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。當(dāng)很多人有健康或營(yíng)養(yǎng)方面的問(wèn)題時(shí) ，他們會(huì)直接去百度搜索，自 我診斷。這其實(shí)是不科學(xué)的，因?yàn)樗阉饕娴慕Y(jié)果是按照受歡迎的程度而不是按照準(zhǔn)確性來(lái) 排序的。因此百度不是醫(yī)生 ，遇到問(wèn)題，最好和醫(yī)生預(yù)約，去該去的地方。 1

11、1. are faced 考查固定搭配和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。 be faced with.是固定搭配，意為面 對(duì)”。people 為集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；又因全文時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填 are faced。 12. increasingly 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用 increasing的副詞形式修飾形容詞 common”。故 填 increasingly。13.is 考查主謂一致。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 本句的主語(yǔ)是 some of which ”，which指代前面 的不可數(shù)名詞 advice”，故空格處應(yīng)用 be 動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式。此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填 is。 14. accuracy 考

12、查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：同時(shí)，搜索引擎的排位結(jié)果是按受歡迎程度而不是 按準(zhǔn)確性 . 空格處和前面的名詞 popularity 并列，故應(yīng)用名詞形式。故填 accuracy。 15. checking 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。be worth doing sth.是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為值得做某事”。 故填 checking。 16. themselves 考查代詞。 句意：任何人都可自稱為飲食專家， 營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家 . call on eself. 意為自稱 . ”。故填 themselves。 17. recognised 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處表示官方認(rèn)可的，邏輯主語(yǔ) doctors和動(dòng)詞 “ecog nise 之間是

13、被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式。 18. suggestion考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。空格處作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 giving 的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用 名詞形式，指只有被官方認(rèn)可的醫(yī)生才有資格給出醫(yī)學(xué)建議，因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 suggestions。 19. whether/if 考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果你不確定， 仍然想知道巧克力飲食是否會(huì)起作 用 . 賓語(yǔ)從句成分完整， 在 wondering 后面表示不確定，拿不準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)用 whether/if,意為是 否”。故填 whether/if。 20. an 考查冠詞。此處表示和醫(yī)生預(yù)約，是泛指概念。 appointment 是可數(shù)名詞，且其讀 音以元音音素開頭

14、。故填 an。 C (2019 武漢調(diào)研) The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship _21 Sydney in the State of New South Wales and Guan gzhou in the prov ince of Guangdong, Chin a(sister cities of sister states), to mark Australias bice ntenary in 1988. The garden 22 (design) and bu

15、ilt by Chinese Iandscape architects and gardeners 23_(follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin Yang” and the five opposite elements earth, fire, water, metal and wood.These principles also stress the 24 (important) of Qi, the central force of life and en ergy. Yin Yang 25 (play) such a vital role that

16、just one missing element would disrupt( 擾舌 L ) the 13.is 考查主謂一致。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 本句的主語(yǔ)是 some of which ”，which指代前面 gardens harmony and balanee.However, when 26 (combine) perfectly, the five elements form a fluid and nu rturi ng en vir onment. Everyth ing you encoun ter in the garde n has bee n hand picked

17、and very carefully placed to capture the five eleme nts and the en ergy of Qi. Unlike western style garde ns, there are no pla nted flowerbeds 27 n eatly cut lawns.lnstead, wild 28 (aspect) of nature are recreated in Iandscapes 29 feature waterfalls , mountains, lakes and forests. The art of Chinese

18、 Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang Dynasty 3 , 000 years ago.Darling Harbours Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small scale version of a _30 (type)private garde n from this time. 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了象征友誼的中國(guó)園林的設(shè)計(jì)原理和風(fēng)格 ，以及園林里的 一些特色風(fēng)景。 21. . between 考查連詞。between.and.意為在 . 和 . 之間”，此處指作為兩個(gè)

19、城 市之間友誼的象征，符合語(yǔ)境。故填 between。 22. was designed 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這座花園是由中國(guó)的景觀設(shè) 計(jì)師和園藝家設(shè)計(jì)修建的。主語(yǔ) The garden與 design之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處是陳述過(guò)去 發(fā)生的事情，因此應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填 was designed。 23. following 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處指景觀設(shè)計(jì)師和園林師遵循道家的陰陽(yáng)法則。根據(jù) 語(yǔ)境可知，“architects and gardeners與動(dòng)詞 follow 之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系， 故應(yīng)用 follow 的現(xiàn)在分 詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。 24. importanc

20、e 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：陰陽(yáng)和五行強(qiáng)調(diào)氣的重要性，它是生命和能 量的主要力量。根據(jù)詞法知識(shí)可知，此處應(yīng)用 important 的名詞形式作動(dòng)詞 stress 的賓語(yǔ)，且 用定冠詞 the 修飾。故填 importanee。 25. plays 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：陰陽(yáng)起著如此關(guān)鍵的作用，以至于一個(gè)要 素的缺失都會(huì)擾亂花園的和諧與平衡。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該句陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，因此用一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Yin Yang 是抽象名詞，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 故填 plays。 26. combined 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)五個(gè)要素完美結(jié)合時(shí)，就形成了一個(gè)流動(dòng)的培 養(yǎng)環(huán)境。此處

21、when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句主語(yǔ) fhe five elements 與動(dòng)詞 combine 之間 構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其中主語(yǔ)和 be 動(dòng)詞可省略。故填 combined。 27. or 考查連詞。句意：與西式風(fēng)格的花園不同，這個(gè)花園里沒(méi)有種植花圃和修剪整齊 的草坪。在否定句中表示“和用連詞 or。 28. aspects考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)下文中的are recreated可知主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。 故填 aspects 29. that/which 考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這些風(fēng)景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林為 特色。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞 “andscape

22、s”，在從句中作主語(yǔ)， 故用 that 或 which 引導(dǎo)。 30. typical 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的 a和空格后的 private garden 可知，此處應(yīng)用 形容詞作定語(yǔ)，故填 typical。 (2019 南昌二模) I want to talk about Miss Smith, a history teacher I had at sec on dary school 31 I was about 15.Most of the teachers I had were OK, 32 they gave the feeli ng that it was just a job

23、.It seemed that Miss Smith really 33 (love) both history and teach ing it. One of the 34 (good) things about her less ons was that we did nt always have to study in an ordinary way.For example, rather tha n write an article for homework, usually we were allowed 35_ (work) with a friend to write an i

24、maginary dialogue between two historical _36 (figure) . Then we could perform it for the class. I thi nk Miss Smith in flue need me in two importa nt ways.Firstly, she made me _37 (in terest) in history.Now I still read books on history and watch TV programs about it whe n I get the cha nee. 38 (sec

25、 on d), she showed me how a teacher can use the stude nts own creativity to help them lear n.ln stead 39 just being a kind of audie nee for less ons, we were in volved in 40_ (decide) what happe ned in the less ons. 本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了作者的初中歷史老師。該老師與眾不同 ，總是讓課堂充 滿樂(lè)趣并布置學(xué)生喜歡的作業(yè)，從而贏得了學(xué)生的愛戴。 31. when 考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境

26、可知， Smith老師是作者 15 歲上中學(xué)時(shí)的一個(gè)歷史老師； 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故填 when。 32. but 考查連詞。根據(jù)空格前的 were OK及下文中的it was just a job可知，作者的 大部分老師都很好，但是他們給人的感覺(jué)是教書只是一份工作， 空格前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故填 but。 33. loved 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。文章總體時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填 loved。 34. . best 考查形容詞的最高級(jí)?！皁ne of + the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為 . 中 最的一個(gè)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指她上課最大的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是不總是用常規(guī)的方式教學(xué)

27、。 故填 best。 35. to work 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。allow sb.to do sth.意為允許某人做某事”，為固定搭配。 故填 to work。 36. figures 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空格前的two可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞 figure 的復(fù)數(shù) 形式。故填 figures。 37. . interested 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?！?make sb. +形容詞”意為使某人 . ”，此處指使作 者對(duì)歷史感興趣。故填 interestedo 38. Secondly 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)上文中的 Firstly 可知，此處應(yīng)填 Secondly。注意首字 母大寫。 39. of 考查介詞。i

28、n stead of 意為“代替，而不是”。故填 of。 40. deciding 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞 in后接動(dòng)名詞形式。故填 deciding。 E (2019 濟(jì)南模擬) A computer program has beate n a huma n champi on at the ancient Chin ese board game, Go.lt marked an important advanee for the 41 (develop) of artificial intelligence.The program, 42_ (call) AlphaGo, had taugh

29、t itself how to win.lt beat the Europea n champi on in all five games of a match in October.The developers say 43 (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve real world problems.Those could include making medical diagnoses and 44_ (con duct) scie ntific research. Previously computers

30、have beat humans in other 45 (game). But among classic games, Go has long been viewed as the most challenging for artificial intelligence to master. Go originated in China more than 2 , 500 years ago. 46 game involves two players who take turns putt ing markers on a checkerboard like grid.The object

31、 is to surro und more area on the board with the markers than ones opponent(對(duì)手).Players obtain the opponents pieces _47 surrounding them.The rules are simple, 48 play ing it is no t.lts probably the most complex game ever created by huma ns. Martin Mueller, a computing science professor, 49 (work) o

32、n Go programs for 30 years.He said the new program “is really a big step up from everything else 50 weve seen.lts a very impressive piece of work. ” 本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序在中國(guó)古代棋盤游戲中擊敗了一個(gè)人類冠軍 ，這 標(biāo)志著人工智能發(fā)展的一個(gè)重大進(jìn)步。 41. development 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：它標(biāo)志著人工智能發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要進(jìn)步。定冠 詞 the 修飾名詞，所以應(yīng)用 develop 的名詞形式 development。the

33、development of.意為 . 的發(fā)展”，為固定搭配，符合語(yǔ)境。故填 development。 42. called 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為 had taught”，所以 空格處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；且動(dòng)詞 call 與其邏輯主語(yǔ) The program 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以 應(yīng)用 call的過(guò)去分詞形式。故填 called。 43. its 考查代詞。句意：研發(fā)人員說(shuō)，未來(lái)某天它的學(xué)習(xí)能力可能會(huì)使計(jì)算機(jī)幫助解決 現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)填 it 的形容詞性物主代詞 its 來(lái)修飾 learni ng ability”。 44. conductin

34、g 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù) and 連接兩個(gè)并列成分及 and前的 making 可知， 空格處應(yīng)用 con duct 的動(dòng)名詞形式，與 mak ing 并列作動(dòng)詞 include 的賓語(yǔ)。故填 con ducti ng。 45. games 考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：之前在其他的游戲中，電腦已經(jīng)擊敗了人類。 other 為形容詞，意為“其他的”，表泛指，其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填 46. The 考查冠詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本句中的 game”特指上文中提到的 Go 這個(gè)游戲。 故填定冠詞 the。 47. by 考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，游戲玩家通過(guò)圍住對(duì)手的棋子來(lái)贏棋。表示“方式， 手段”應(yīng)用介詞 by，

35、后接動(dòng)名詞。 48. but 考查連詞。句意：(比賽的)規(guī)則很簡(jiǎn)單，但比賽(的過(guò)程)并不簡(jiǎn)單。根據(jù)句意可 知，空格前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填 but。 49. has worked 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意： Martin Mueller 是一名計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)教授，他研究 Go 這個(gè)游戲已經(jīng)有三十年了。根據(jù)空格后的 for 30 years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填 has worked。 50. that 考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 先行詞為 everything ”， 在從句中作動(dòng)詞 See”的賓語(yǔ)；由于先行詞為不定代詞，只能用 that 引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。 F (2019

36、福州質(zhì)檢) games。 In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7 , 000 years.As early as the Shang Dyn asty, bamboo was being used in an cie nt peoples daily lives .It was used for food, cloth ing, hous ing, tran sportati on, 51 (music) in strume nts and eve n weap

37、 ons. The 52 (apply) of bamboo in scie nce and tech no logy is thrilli ng.In 251 BC, Li Bin g, in Sichuan, 53 (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation n etwork in the world, in which bamboo played 54 importa nt role.The worlds oldest water pipe was also 55 (make) of bamboo.Duri ng the Han Dyn asty, the people in Sichua n _56 (success) sank a 1, 600 metre deep well with thick bamboo ropes.This tech no logy did not spread to Europe 57 the 19th cen tury, and it was by using the tech no logy 58 the America ns drilled the fi