外研版八年級上冊模塊1重點知識講解(共11頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上復(fù)習計劃之M1 Words:1. practise v.練習 【例句】Practise saying the words. 【常用搭配】“practise （doing） sth”，practise后面不能接動詞不定式，而要接名詞，代詞或動名詞作賓語。2. meaning n.意義，含義【例句】Match the words with their meanings.【同族詞】mean v.意味 meaningful a.有意義的，意味深長的 means n.方法，手段e.g： What does this idiom mean？ 這個習語什么意思？ The meani

2、ng of this idiom is “be all ears”. 這習語意思是聚精會神地聽 This trip is so meaningful that we made quite a few friends.這旅行太有意義了，我們結(jié)交了相當多朋友。 The quickest means of transport is plane. 最快的交通工具是飛機。3translate v. 翻譯【例句】This novel translates well. 這本小說譯得很好。【常用搭配】 o./o.把譯成; translate.for.為翻譯【派生詞 】t

3、ranslation n. 翻譯; translator n.翻譯者【活學活用】Can you translate this letter from German _ English?A. toB. asC. inD. into答案：D4. mistake n. 錯誤【例句】He often makes spelling mistakes. 他經(jīng)常犯拼寫錯誤?！境Ｓ么钆洹?make mistakes 犯錯誤; correct mistakes 改正錯誤; by mistake 錯誤地?！就卣埂縨istake 還可用作動詞,意思是“弄錯,誤解,把誤認為”,常用在mistake.for.結(jié)構(gòu)中,如

4、:We often mistake Lucy for Lily.我們經(jīng)常把露茜誤認成莉莉。Whats wrong?I _ a big mistake in my homework.A. madeB. took C. did D. gave答案：A5. message n. 信息【例句】I have sent my mother a message to tell her I will go home late.我已經(jīng)給母親捎了個信兒,告訴她我晚點兒回家。【常用搭配】 send a message to.發(fā)送消息給;leave a message to.給留個話;take a message t

5、o.捎信給【近義詞】 news 新聞、消息,是不可數(shù)名詞。There is a (news, message) for you on the table. 答案：message 6. else adj.& adv. 其他【例句】No one else but Sam saw the accident. 除了山姆沒有別人看到這起事故?！窘x詞】 other adj. 其他的 ，后面接名詞?！居梅ā縠lse用在疑問詞之后, 如:What else do you want to say? 你還有什么想說的?它還常用在不定代詞之后, 如:Id like something else . 我想要

6、點別的東西?！就x句改寫】What else do you want to buy?What would you to buy?答案： other things, like7.excellent adj. 卓越的，優(yōu)秀的【例句】Jordan is an excellent player. 喬丹是個出色的運動員。【同義詞辨析】 excellent 既可形容物, 又可形容人, 如: excellent work 出色的工作;wonderful只形容物,“極好的,令人愉快的”,如:a wonderful place 一個好地方?！靖鶕?jù)句意和首字母提示完成單詞】

7、Lets have a rest.Thats e.Im tired.答案：excellent 8.improve v. 提高【例句】 Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English. 很多學生詢問我提高英語的建議。【考點】improve 在句中用作及物動詞, 如:The people all over the world should improve the environment. 全世界的人都應(yīng)該改善環(huán)境。9.watch n. 手表; v. 看【例句】 Would you like to watch the W

8、orld Cup on TV with me?你愿意跟我一起在電視上觀看世界杯嗎?【考點】(1) watch作名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)為watches。(2) watch作動詞, 后常接電視,比賽等, 有“觀望、觀看、欣賞”之意。(3)同義詞辨析: look at強調(diào)“看”的動作; see強調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果,看見; read指看書、報紙、地圖、雜志?！净顚W活用】選詞并用其適當形式填空watch/see/read/look at1)Please the blackboard.2)Have you him recently?3)Look! He_ English in the classroom.4)Tim A

9、nimal World on TV at that time.答案: 1)look at2)seen3)is reading4)was watching10. breath n. 呼吸【例句】Take a deep breath, and then you may feel relaxed. 深深地吸一口氣,那樣你會覺得輕松的?！究键c】(1)派生詞: breathe v.呼吸(2)常用搭配: hold ones breath 屏住呼吸;out of breath 氣喘吁吁;under (ones) breath 壓著嗓音。e.g: How long can you hold your brea

10、th? 你能屏住氣多長時間?11. forget v. 忘記【例句】 Dont forget to write down the correct answers next to the mistakes. 別忘了在錯誤旁邊寫下正確的答案。【用法】 forget 后可接動詞不定式，動名詞或從句作賓語。e.g： I cant forget what happened that day. 我無法忘記那天所發(fā)生的事?！颈嫖觥?forget doing 和forget to do 的區(qū)別，forget to do是忘記做某事，事情沒做；forget doing 是忘記做過某事，事情已經(jīng)做過了。e.g：

11、Dont forget to close the window. 別忘了關(guān)窗。(窗子沒關(guān)) I forgot closing the window. 我忘記我已經(jīng)關(guān)上窗子了。（窗子已經(jīng)關(guān)上了）12.together adv. 一起,共同【例句】The children played together in the street. 孩子們在街上一起玩。【考點】(1)together 是副詞,常用于動詞之后, 如: get together集合;(2)常見搭配: all together 一起，同時，總共; together with 和,連同?！净顚W活用】10.根據(jù)括號內(nèi)漢語提示補全句子We s

12、hould (一起工作) to build our country.答案：work togetherExpression1.look up查；查閱【例句】You can look up this word in the dictionary.【拓展】look up還有“向上看”之意。如：Lisa looked up at the sky and saw something strange.莉薩向上看天空，看見了一些奇怪的東西?！竟潭ù钆洹縧ook at看 look for尋找 look after照顧 look through瀏覽look around環(huán)顧四周 look through瀏覽lo

13、ok out小心 look out of向外看look down向下看 look up to看得起；尊敬look down on看不起；尊敬2.write down 寫下,記下【例句】Why not write down our mistakes in our notebooks? 為什么不把錯誤記在筆記本上呢？【考點】(1)同義詞組: put down, 這里的down是副詞, 代詞要放在中間。(2)對比以down為中心的一些短語:turn down 關(guān)小 ,把(音量)調(diào)低 sit down 坐下lie down 躺下 fall down 跌倒go down 下沉,沿著走 slow down

14、 放慢速度look down upon 輕視,看不起 walk down 沿著走【活學活用】用上面所提到的詞組的正確形式填空1) the radio,please.Its too loud.2) the street until the end of it,and youll find the cinema.3)He Lees telephone number in the newspaper.答案：1)Turn down 2)Walk/Go down3)wrote down 2. ask for 請求【例句】He asked his father for ten yuan他向他父親要了10元

15、錢?！究键c】(1)ask for sth.要求得到某物, 如:ask for advice 請求建議; ask for money 要錢。(2)ask sb.for sth.向某人要某物, 如:ask her parents for a bike 向父母要一輛自行車?！净顚W活用】You can your teacher some advice about it.A. help； with B. ask；to C. tell；about D. ask；for答案：D3.enjoy yourself 玩得愉快【例句】Did you enjoy yourself at the party? 你在宴會

16、上愉快嗎?【考點】(1)enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事(2)同義短語: have fun doing sth./have a good time【活學活用】.同義句改寫They enjoyed themselves last weekend.Last weekend they .答案：had a good time4. agree with sb. 同意某人 注意區(qū)別agree 的搭配： agree with （與某人）持相同意見； agree to （對提議，計劃，條件等）表同意，贊同 agree on 對取得一致意見 Step 4: Structure.1.Why not wr

17、ite down our mistakes in our notebooks?為什么不把錯誤記在我們的筆記本上呢?【剖析】why not?是一個提建議的句型,意思是“為什么不呢?”,而不是詢問為什么不做某事。 如：Why not have a picnic this weekend？ 這周末為什么不去野餐呢？【拓展】Why dont you.?的同義句型是Why not.? 2.Its a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.每天復(fù)習詞匯筆記是個不錯的辦法。【剖析】句中it 是形式主語,后面的動詞不定式短語to check

18、 your vocabulary notebook 是真正的主語。2)其句型是:It+be+adj./n.+to do sth.【拓展】 類似句型還有:It is ones duty to do sth.; It is important for sb.to do sth.; It is not necessary for sb.to do sth.等等。3.Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English. 許多學生尋求關(guān)于怎樣提高英語（水平）的建議?！酒饰觥縜dvice是名詞，ask for advice 表“尋

19、求建議”。如： I want to ask for advice about where to have a rest. 我想問問（應(yīng)該）去哪里休息。 4.I like watching English films and listening to English song. 我喜歡看英語電影和聽英語歌曲。【剖析】本句中，動名詞短語watching English films 和 listening to English songs并列作動詞like的賓語。如：My friend Lily likes watching movies and traveling. 我的朋友Lily喜歡看電影和旅

20、游。5.I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends.我還建議你和朋友們談?wù)劊ㄋ吹模╇娪盎?所聽的)歌曲?！酒饰觥縜dvise是動詞，advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建議某人做某事”。如： Tom advised me to see a movie. 湯姆建議我去看部電影。6.And when youre shopping, how about counting the English words, or saying the English names for everything

21、 you see?你在買東西時, 數(shù)數(shù)英語單詞或說說你所見到的物品的英語名稱怎么樣?【剖析】(1)這是個含有when引導的時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句。(2)How about.? 是一個提建議的句型, 意思是“怎么樣?”【拓展】How about.?的同義句型是What about.?其后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞。Step 5：grammar 提建議的幾種表達方法本單元的重點句型是向人提建議，總結(jié)其用法如下： 句型意思舉例You should/shouldnt.你應(yīng)該/不應(yīng)該We should always speak English in the class.You shouldnt copy ot

22、hers homework.How/What about.?怎么樣?What about going for a picnic?Why dont you/Why not.?為什么不?Why not ask the teacher for help?Dont forget.別忘了Dont forget to read an English story.Try to.努力Try to remember ten words a day.Try not to.盡量不要Try not to look up the words in a dictionary while reading.Shall we.

23、?我們好嗎?Shall we go to see Mr.Black?Lets.讓我們吧。Lets listen to music and films in English.Youd better (not).你最好(不要)Youd better not play with fire.前面我們已經(jīng)學習過一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時和現(xiàn)在進行時，下面進行系統(tǒng)的歸納。時態(tài)構(gòu)成時間狀語用法例句一般現(xiàn)在時主語+do/be(主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞也要變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的第三人稱單數(shù))Often，usually，always，sometimes，at times,every day,from time

24、to time, seldom,never表示經(jīng)常性，習慣性動作或狀態(tài)，常與表頻率的時間狀語連用。描述現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，能力，性質(zhì)等。表示客觀真理，客觀存在，客觀事實和格言表示按時間表或擬定好到時間就發(fā)生的動作I usually go to school by bus.I like readingThe moon moves around the sun.The train to Shanghai leaves at 9：00. 一般過去時主語+did;主語+was/wereYesterday,ago, one day, the day bofore yesterday,long ago, the

25、other day,just now, in the past在過去某段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去經(jīng)常性或習慣性發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。有when，while，before，after等引導的表過去時間的狀語從句。Long long ago, there lived a mmonk. I usually got up every late in the past.It was raining when he called me.一般將來時主語+will/shall+do;主語+be+going to do主語+be doingTomorrow, the day after tomorrow,

26、 in a day/week,soon,in the future, some day表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。be going to表示根據(jù)跡象表明將要發(fā)生的事或打算計劃準備做某事，will表主觀上將要做某事。表示位置移動的動詞，如go，come，leave，fly，arrive等，常用現(xiàn)在進行時表即將發(fā)生的動作。We are going abroad next year. Look at the dark clouds!Its going to rain.Your mother is coming to see you.現(xiàn)在進行時主語+be+doingNow, at the

27、 moment, these days, this week/month表示目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作；與always，usually 等頻度副詞連用，表示贊揚，厭惡或不滿等情緒。Im writing a book this month.Farmers are always working hard in the files.典題精講例1 （2010煙臺中考）Would you mind if I close the window? .A. With pleasure B. Yes,please C. Of course not D. Thats a good idea思路解析：問句為“你介意

28、我關(guān)上窗子嗎？”With pleasure.是用來回答別人讓自己做事的時候表示“非常榮幸”。B項內(nèi)容自相矛盾，Yes是指“介意”，但是please表示“請關(guān)吧”，不合適。C項“當然不介意”符合句意。D項用來回答別人的提議，而此處前句是請求。答案：C例2（2010樂山中考）This backpack doesnt look smart.Could you show me one?A.the otherB.others C.otherD.another思路解析：語境為買背包時的對話。A指“另一個”，暗示只有兩個，賣的包不可能只有兩個。B項others與one不搭配，C項other通常后加復(fù)數(shù)，D項

29、表示很多中的“另一個”。答案：D例3（2010廈門中考）You speak English very well.You must have a good English teacher.But no one taught me.I learned it all by .A.meB.IC.mineD.myself 思路解析：此題題意是“你英語說得很好,你一定有個好的英語老師吧。”“沒人教我,我是自學的?！?learn.by oneself“自學”。答案:D綠色通道：解此類題應(yīng)注意反身代詞常用于一些固定搭配中,如:teach oneself(自學),hurt oneself(傷到自己),look

30、after oneself(照顧自己),enjoy oneself(玩得高興),leave.by oneself(把 單獨留下),help oneself to.(隨便吃點兒),behave oneself (舉止得體)。例4（2010湖北宜昌中考）Fathers Day is coming.Im going back home to see my father. .A.Give my best wishes to him B.Its very kind of youC.Say goodbye to him,please D.See you soon思路解析：此題是一道考查交際用語的題目,題意

31、是“父親節(jié)就要到來,我要回家看我父親”。另一人說“請轉(zhuǎn)達我對你父親的問候”。轉(zhuǎn)達問候還可以用say hello to sb.或 remember me to sb.。答案:A黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱。一是受漢語言文化的影響可能認為回家探望父親很有孝心,故錯選B,意思是“你真是太好了”。二是認為你就要回家了應(yīng)向你告別,因此錯選D項,意思是“再見”。例5（2010濰坊中考）People everywhere celebrate(慶賀) the New Year. is a time to say goodbye to the past and to think about new beginnin

32、gs.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.Such思路解析：it可以用于指代時間，表示“新年是一個辭舊迎新的時刻”。此處it代替“新年”這一時間。答案：A.詞匯 A.根據(jù)首字母提示和句意完成單詞1.How about lto the radio?2.Now,let me show you how to lEnglish.3.Why dont you write dyour mistakes?4.Im going to meet my pfriend this term.5.Can you give me some a?My English is so poor.6.I enjoy w Engl

33、ish films and l to real English songs.7.The students should speak English all the t in English class.8.Many students ask for advice about i their English.9.Did you enjoy y at the party?10.Write the words on p of paper and place them in your bedroom.答案：1. listening; 2. learn ; 3. down ; 4. pen; 5. ad

34、vice; 6. watching, listening; 7. time; 8. Improving; 9. yourself/yourselves; 10. PiecesB.用所給單詞的正確形式填空11.Why does Charlie think (borrow) magazines might be a good idea?12.How about (listen) to the radio in English?13.There are many (different) between the two factories.14.Why did you want (invite) your friend to your club?15.Can you tell me how I can practice (speak) Eng