仁愛英語初一上學(xué)期知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納(精華版)

1、初一上英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit 1 Making New Friends【重點(diǎn)短語】1. good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好2. glad / nice to meet / see you 見到你很高興3. welcome to + 地點(diǎn) 歡迎來到4. lets + v 讓我們做5. stand up 起立6. sit down 坐下7. this is. 這是8. thanks = thank you 謝謝9. see you = see you later = goodbye 再見10. ID number 身份證號(hào)碼11. be from=c

2、ome from 來自12. in English 用英語【重要句型】1. -Whats your name? -My name is Sally.2. -Where are you from? -Im from China.-Where do you come from? -I come from China.3. -Where is he/ she from? -He/She is from Japan.4. -Whats this/ that in English? - Its a/ an 5. -Whatre these/ those in English? -Theyre 6. -H

3、ow do you spell it? -E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.7. -Can you spell it? -Yes, M-A-P, map.8. How old are you/ is he/ are they? Im/ He is/ They are eleven.9. Whats your telephone number? Its 4567967.10. What class/ grade are you in? Im in Class Ten, Grade Seven.（注意大小寫）11. Good morning/ afternoon/ evening. 12.

4、Hello!/Hi! Hello!/Hi!13. Nice/Glad to see/meet you. Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.14. Welcome to China/my home. Thanks.15. How do you do? How do you do?16. How are you? Fine, thank you. And you? Im OK.17. See you then/ later. See you. 18. Goodbye. Bye.19. Thank you. Youre welcome./Thats OK./Not at

5、all.【重點(diǎn)語法】1. 元音字母： Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu包含有以下元音的字母：e Aa Hh Jj Kk i: Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv a Ii Yy ju: Uu Qq Ww e Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz2. 大小寫句首字母，人名，地名，稱呼語，專有名詞，星期的首字母要大寫，引人注意。 Look！Is that Jane? He comes from Hubei, China. Mr. Wang, this is my mom. What class are you in?Im in Class Ten, Grade Seven. On Su

6、nday, we go to the West Hill for a picnic.3. Be動(dòng)詞的用法 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)就用are。 含be動(dòng)詞的陳述句變否定句在be后加not，變一般疑問句將be提前。 一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes, 人稱代詞+ be；否定回答：No, 人稱代詞+be + not。如：-They are teachers. -They are not teachers.-Are they teachers? -Yes, they are./ No, they arent.4. 不定冠詞、定冠詞和and的用法 (1)不定冠詞a, an

7、的用法a /an 都表示“一，一個(gè)”，a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office worker.(2)the是定冠詞，表特指，單復(fù)數(shù)前面都可用 We are in the same class. The girl in a pink skirt is Jane. Where is the book? This isnt

8、my bike. The blue one is mine.(3) and的用法 數(shù)字相加看做單數(shù)： Two and three is five. 顏色相加也是單數(shù): Black and white is gray. 人和事物相加是復(fù)數(shù)：Lucy and Lily are sisters. The pen and the eraser are Janes.5. 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)（1）規(guī)則變化 一般在名詞詞尾加-s，如：car-cars; photo-photos; toy-toys; boy-boys 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-es，如：box-boxes; bus-bu

9、ses 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加es，如：baby-babies; family-families4）以fe結(jié)尾，變fe為v再加es，如：knife- knives（2）不規(guī)則變化如：foot-feet; man-men; woman-women; snowman-snowmen;（3）集體名詞：people, clothes, police, family（4）成雙出現(xiàn)的名詞：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears九. 一詞多義：An orange（桔子）is orange（橙色的）. Unit 2 Looking Different【重

10、點(diǎn)短語】1. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物給某人Please give it to her.2. look the same 長相相同 look different 長相不同，看起來不一樣3. look like 看起來像He looks like his father. = He and his father look the same.4. next to 在旁邊The boy next to me is my good friend.5. in +顏色 穿著顏色的衣服 in +a/an +顏色+衣服 穿著顏色的The boy in a yello

11、w T-shirt and gray pants is my good friend.6. (1) both兩者都（be動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前） They both have brown hair and black eyes.They are both office workers.(2)all 三者或三者以上都 They are all kind to me. 7. 數(shù)字+(形狀、大小)+顏色+n. two big red apples She has short blond hair.【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Who is your favorite actor?2. We are in the

12、 same school, but we are in different grades.3. What do/does +主語+look like? 長得怎么樣？-What does he look like?- He is not very tall but very strong.4. We dont look the same, but we are good friends.We look the same, but we are in different clothes.5. -What color is/are +主語？-Its/ Theyre +顏色.-What color i

13、s her hair? -Its blond.6. This is my cap. = This cap is mine.Is this your cap? = Is this cap yours?-Whose cap is this? = Whose is this cap? - Its Sallys.-Whose are these bananas? - Theyre their bananas/ theirs.7. His pants are blue and mine are white.(mine=my pants)My T-shirt is green and his is bro

14、wn.(his=his T-shirt)8. I have small eyes, but he has big ones.（ones指代eyes）My jacket is blue and white. That one is blue. （one指代jacket）【重點(diǎn)語法】1. 動(dòng)詞原形和動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式（1）主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式（he、she、it；單一的人；單一的名字；單一的事物），動(dòng)詞要用單三形式。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則： 一般情況直接加“s”，如：come-comes，meet-meets 動(dòng)詞以o，s，sh，ch, x結(jié)尾，加“es”，如：do-does; go-g

15、oes; teach-teaches 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i，再加es, 如：study-studies, fly-flies, try-tries 特殊情況：have-has（2）句型轉(zhuǎn)換 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)：變否定句時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞前加doesnt, 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)原形；變一般疑問句時(shí)，在句首加does，動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)原形。一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes, 人稱代詞+does；否定回答：No, 人稱代詞+doesnt.如：She has small eyes.-She doesnt have small eyes.-Does she have small eyes?-Yes, she does. /No,

16、 she doesnt. 當(dāng)主語為第一、第二人稱變否定句，在動(dòng)詞前加dont，變一般疑問句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes, 人稱代詞+do；否定回答：No，人稱代詞+dont.They have small eyes.-They dont have small eyes.- Do they have small eyes? -Yes, they do. / No, they dont.2. 表示所屬關(guān)系（1）名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞形容詞性物主代詞 my your his her our their its名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his hers ours the

17、irs its -Whose is this pen? Is it yours? -No, its not mine. My pen is blue.（2）名詞所有格 用于人或其他表示有生命的名詞后： 單數(shù)或不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)+s，如：Janes book；Womens Day 以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)+如： TeachersDay Lucys and Lilys bags 分有 Lucy and Lilys room 共有Those are Janes shoes.= Those shoes are Janes. of 表示所屬關(guān)系，用于沒有生命的物體，如：a map of China；a photo

18、of my familyUnit3 Getting Together【重點(diǎn)短語和句型】1. Could you please + 動(dòng)詞原形？用來表示委婉的請(qǐng)求-Could you please tell me your name?- Sure/ No problem. My name is Sally.- Sorry.2. tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某事 tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人關(guān)于某事Please tell me your name. = Please tell your name to me.Please tell M

19、aria about it. 請(qǐng)把這件事告訴瑪麗亞吧。3. help sb. do sth.= help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助某人，幫助某人做某事Please help us find him.Could you please help me with English?= Could you please help me study English?4. want to do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做某事want sth. = would like sth. 想要某物want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做He wants t

20、o visit Beijing. = He would like to visit Beijing.I want/would like an orange.Jane wants Kangkang to sing some songs with her.5. show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth. 把某物展示給某人看Maria shows a photo of her family to Kangkang.6. My English is very good. =I can speak English very well.7. live in+ 地點(diǎn) 居住在某地live

21、with + sb. 和某人住He live in China with his parents.8. know a lot about 知道許多關(guān)于的事He knows a lot about China.9. say表示說話的內(nèi)容，speak表示說某種語言的能力What does he say in the letter?He can speak some English.10. 對(duì)事物的喜歡程度likevery much/a lot 非常喜歡likea little 有點(diǎn)喜歡dont likeat all 一點(diǎn)都不喜歡Many students in our class like Eng

22、lish a lot, but I like it a little.He doesnt like chocolate at all.11. a lot of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞I have a lot of English books.12. every day 每天 each other 相互 some of them 他們中的一些eat out 下館子，到外面吃飯13. play with sb. 和某人一塊玩耍 like to do/doing sth. 喜歡(做)某事She likes to play with Kitty.14. Help yourself/yourselve

23、s to sth. 隨便吃(喝)15. be kind to sb. 對(duì)某人很友好They are all kind to me. 他們對(duì)我很友好。 Its very kind of you. 你真好。16. be glad to do sth. 很高興(樂意)做I am very glad to be here. 我很樂意在這里。Glad to meet you. 很高興見到你。17. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事Let me see.讓我想一想。Let us help you find him. 讓我們幫助你找到他。18. I am home. 我到家了。Maria isn

24、t at home/in now. 瑪麗亞現(xiàn)在不在家。Welcome to my home. 歡迎來我家。Its time to go home. 該回家了?！締卧R(shí)點(diǎn)詳解】1. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變一般疑問句及其回答-Does he speak English?- Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.2. 詢問職業(yè)及工作地點(diǎn)-What does your mother do?(書面) /What is your mother?(口語)- She is an English teacher.-Where does she work?- She works/ teaches/stu

25、dies in a school / hospital / restaurant / on a farm / in an office. 3. 介紹家人This is a photo of my family.The young woman in red is my mother. Is the young woman in red your mother?(變一般疑問句)Who is the young woman in red?(對(duì)劃線部分提問)My grandparents, my cousin and I are on the sofa.I have a big family. 我有一

26、個(gè)大家庭。I love my family. 我愛我的家。4. 就餐表達(dá)語1) -Would you like something to drink ? 想不想喝些東西？-Yes, a glass of apple juice , please. / No, thanks.something to drink 一些喝的東西something to eat 一些吃的東西2) -What would you like to have / eat / drink ? 你想吃（喝）些什么？-Id like some rice and chicken. / Let me see. 我想想看。3) Wou

27、ld you like to have dinner with me? 想和我共進(jìn)晚餐嗎？-Yes, Id love to. / Yes, Id like to.- Im sorry, I have to4) -What do you usually have for breakfast? 你通常早餐吃什么？-I usually have milk and bread for breakfast.havefor breakfast/ lunch / dinner 早/午/晚餐吃.5) -May I take your order, sir? 請(qǐng)問，要點(diǎn)菜了嗎？-Fish with vegeta

28、bles and rice , please.6) May I help you ? = Can I help you ? =What can I do for you ?請(qǐng)問要吃/喝/買些什么？5. 委婉地請(qǐng)求、提建議的五種表達(dá)Would you like sth. / to do? 你愿意/想？ What / How about sth. / doing? 怎么樣？Why not do? 為什么不？Lets do! 讓我們干吧！Why dont you do? 為什么不？肯定回答:Yes, Id like/love to. /Good idea. /OK. / All right./ Id

29、 love that.否定回答: No, thanks. / Im sorry I cant, I have to do/ Id like that, but Im sorry I have no time.【重點(diǎn)語法】1. 人稱代詞的主格與賓格點(diǎn)撥：主格在句子中充當(dāng)主語，放在動(dòng)詞之前；賓格放在動(dòng)詞之后構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語，放在介詞之后構(gòu)成介賓短語。主格I we you he she it they賓格me us you him her it them-Do you know them?- Yes. They are my new classmates.2. 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞（1）可數(shù)名詞：可以用

30、數(shù)目來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞，有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。如：banana, egg, apple, orange, noodles, vegetable, hamburger等。（2）不可數(shù)名詞：不能用具體的數(shù)目來表示，前面不能加a/an，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：milk, chicken, bread, Coke, coffee, rice, juice, fish, tea, water, chocolate等。（3）不可數(shù)名詞若要表示數(shù)量，可用：數(shù)詞+量詞+ of + 不可數(shù)名詞。如：a glass of milk 一杯牛奶； ten bottles of apple juice十瓶橙汁；ten loaves o

31、f bread 十條面包（4）some/ a lot of +可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)/ 不可數(shù)名詞many +可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) much +不可數(shù)名詞【書信的格式】1. 稱呼：頂格寫，常用Dear 開頭，表示親切、客套，后面用逗號(hào)。2. 正文：從稱呼的下一行開始寫，開頭空兩格。3. 結(jié)束語：正文下面的客套話，寫在右下角，首字母大寫，末尾用逗號(hào)，常用Yours。4. 簽名：指寫信人的簽名，寫在結(jié)束語的下面。Unit4 Having fun【重點(diǎn)短語和句型】1. buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 為某人買Linda wants to buy a toy car for her

32、cousin. = Linda wants to buy her cousin a toy car.2. try on sth.= try sth. on 試穿 try it/them on(固定搭配)Maria tries on the coat in a clothes shop.3. The coat looks very nice on you. 你穿上這件外套真漂亮。4. Thats fine. Well take it. 好的，我們就買它了。5. I am just looking. 我只是隨便看看。6.“Are you kidding?”你在開玩笑嗎？7. think 想，認(rèn)為

33、think about 考慮 think of 認(rèn)為Kangkang thinks its Li Mings.Ill think about it. 我要考慮一下。 think about a plan 考慮一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃What do you think of this yellow skirt?8. Thank you all the same. 仍然感謝你。9. get some wate 取水 fly a kite / kites 放風(fēng)箏 sing some songs 唱歌meet friends at home 在家和朋友見面have a picnic=go (out) for a pi

34、cnic 去野餐get up 起床 go home 回家 go fishing 去釣魚 go shopping=do some shopping 購物go to the zoo 去動(dòng)物園 go to the West Hill 去西山 visit a friend 拜訪朋友call back 回電話do ones homework 做作業(yè) take ones order點(diǎn)菜 take some bread 帶一些面包 see the Monkey Show 看猴子表演10. ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)/要某人做某事Could you ask her to call me back

35、 this evening? 你能讓她今晚給我回個(gè)電話嗎？11. need sth. /to do sth. 需要(做)某事We need to help them with their English. 我們需要幫助他們學(xué)英語。We need two kilos of apples and some rice.12. have / has to do sth. 不得不/必須做Kangkang has to cook. 康康必須要做飯。Kangkang doesnt have to cook. (變否定句)13. save 節(jié)省，攢錢，挽救Big sale! Buy more and save

36、 more! 大降價(jià)！買得多，省得多！Ben can save ¥5.14. here 這里 there 那里Here you are. 給你。 Here it is. 在這。 Here we are. 我們到了。The clothes are there, madam. 夫人，服裝在那邊。-Where is Baby Monkeys home? - Its there.15. be free = have time 有時(shí)間，有空 Are you free this Sunday? = Do you have (any) time this Sunday?Im sorry I hav

37、e no time. = Im sorry I dont have any time.16. Its time to do sth / for sth. 該做某事了，是做某事的時(shí)候了Its time to have breakfast.= Its time for breakfast.17. Thank you for your help. = Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你的幫忙。18. at eight oclock 在八點(diǎn)整 in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上/下午/晚上 on Sunday moring在星期天早

38、上19. on ones way home 在某人回家的路上 on ones way to school 在上學(xué)的路上Buy some eggs and rice on your way home.The Baby Monkey cant find his way home.【單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解】1. 購物表達(dá)語1) -Can I help you? / May I help you? -Yes, please. I want to buy some clothes for my daughter. / Im just looking, thanks.2) -What can I do for y

39、ou?-I want a T-shirt for my son.3) -Can I try it on? / Why not try them on? - Sure / No problem.4) Thats fine. Well take it.5) 280 yuan! Are you kidding? Ill think about it. Thank you all the same.6) -Could you help me do some shopping?- Sure. What do we need?7) -Is that all? 就那些嗎？ - Yes, I think so

40、. 是的，我想就這些。8) -Its too heavy. 它太重了。 -Let me help you. 讓我?guī)椭惆伞?. 詢問對(duì)事物的觀點(diǎn)、看法-How do you like this pair of pants?=What do you think of this pair of pants? 你認(rèn)為這條褲子怎么樣？- Theyre too long. / I dont like it at all. How about the blue one?3. 詢問數(shù)量how much +不可數(shù)名詞 + ？how many+可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù)) +？-How many apples do you need?-We need two kilos of apples. -How many bags of rice do you need?-We need five bags of rice. -How much rice do you need?-We need five bags of rice. 4. 詢問價(jià)格(price)-How much