英語自然發(fā)音的拼讀規(guī)則

1、自然拼讀自然發(fā)音二十八條拼讀規(guī)則1.字母q總是與u在一起,讀做/kw/, 此處u不作元音.2.字母c在字母e, y, i前讀做/s/ (cent, city, cycle, 其他字母前讀做/k/(cut, cap, cop.3.字母e, i, y之前的字母g可以讀做/j/(page, giant, gym, 其中字母e, i之前的g也可以不讀做/j/(g et, girl, give; 其它字母之前的g讀做/g/(gate, go, gust.4.元音a, e, o, u在音節(jié)結(jié)尾(開音節(jié)一般讀做字母音(長音a, e, o, u, 有助于學(xué)生正確劃分并拼讀元音字母+輔音字母+元音字母的不熟悉單

2、詞(re portrather than rep ort.5.字母i和y經(jīng)常讀做/i/(big, gym, 但是也可讀做I(silent, my, type.6.一個(gè)英語單詞用字母y而不是i的結(jié)尾(my, by.7.有五種情況末尾的字母e不發(fā)音.(如me, she, 和 he的短單詞末尾的字母e讀做e, 較長的單詞末尾的e 不發(fā)音尾字母e不發(fā)音應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是”having a job” (承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)工作7.1 bake gene time/type code cute 使他前面的元音字母發(fā)字母音.7.2 love give blue true 使我們不要以一個(gè)v和一個(gè)u結(jié)束一個(gè)單詞.7.3 cha

3、nce bodice charge allege 使g和c讀軟音/j/和/s/.7.4 lit tle cas tle bot tle dab ble fid dle 避免一個(gè)音節(jié)沒有一個(gè)元音字母.7.5 are nurse raise bye ewe owe cause 這一條被Spalding女士叫做無工作尾字母e; Sanseri女士叫做老工作尾字母e, 并說前四條之外的不發(fā)音尾字母e都叫做老工作尾字母e.7.5.1 使一個(gè)不是復(fù)數(shù)形式的單詞不要以s結(jié)尾(dense而不是dens, purse不是purs, false 不是 fals.7.5.2 加長短的主意詞(main-idea, 如

4、awe, ewe, rye7.5.3 區(qū)分同音異形詞的含義. 如or/ore for/fore.7.5.4 中英語和外來語中(那里的尾字母e是要發(fā)音的留下來的, 現(xiàn)在不發(fā)音. 如treatise giraffe8.有五種字母組合發(fā)/er/的音/, 記住下面的句子.Her nurse first works early. 這個(gè)句子是按英語用法中的降序排列的.另外,or在w后業(yè)可以發(fā)/er/的音. 還要記住有些詞尾的ar和or也發(fā)/er/的音.如dollar, doctor.9. 1-1-1規(guī)則: 單音節(jié)單詞中, 結(jié)尾是單元音加單個(gè)輔音的, 在添加以元音開始的詞尾變化時(shí), 需要將末尾的輔音字母再寫

5、一次再加詞尾變化.(如hop-hop ped. 但是詞尾是x除外, 因?yàn)樗蓛蓚€(gè)音/ks/.10. 2-1-1規(guī)則: 雙音節(jié)詞中, 結(jié)尾是單元音加單個(gè)輔音的, 在添加以元音開始的詞尾變化時(shí), 需要將末尾的輔音字母再寫一次再加詞尾變化(be gin- be gin + ning. 第二個(gè)音節(jié)不重讀的不能雙寫末尾輔音字母(en ter, prof it, bud get.11. 去e規(guī)則, 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單詞在添加以元音開始的詞尾變化是需要去掉末尾不發(fā)音的e.(come-c oming12. 是ie還是ei? 一般情況下, 應(yīng)該是ie, 但是1 c之后用ei; 2發(fā)字母a的音時(shí), 用ei(ne

6、ighbor, wei gh, vein. 還有下面的例外情形Neither foreign sovereign seized counterfeit forfeited leisure. Pl us: either weird protein heifer:13. 音素sh用在一個(gè)基本詞的開頭或是結(jié)尾(she, dish, 還用在一個(gè)音節(jié)的結(jié)尾(fin ish, 但絕對不會在后一個(gè)音節(jié)的開頭, 除非是以ship結(jié)尾(wor ship, friend ship.14. 音素si, ti, ci最常用在一個(gè)基本詞的第二及以后的開頭, 發(fā)音/sh/. 常?？梢酝ㄟ^考察詞根和根詞來確定發(fā)/sh/時(shí)用

7、什么樣的音素.比如infect to in fec tious / collect to col lec tion / potent to po ten tialmusic to mu si cian / space to spa cious / finance to fi nan cialsoci (companion to so cial / ancien (old to an cientcruc (cross to cru cial / speci (kind to spe cial15. 音素si在前一個(gè)音節(jié)以s結(jié)尾時(shí)(ses sion發(fā)/sh/, 一個(gè)基本詞經(jīng)過詞尾變化后只有一個(gè)s(

8、tense-ten sion, 其中的音素si發(fā)/sh/.discuss to dis cus sion / compress to com pres sion / admis to ad mis sion16. 音素si可以發(fā)/zh/, 如vi sion, di vi sion, oc ca sion, ex plo sion.17. 只有一個(gè)元音的單音節(jié)詞,常常雙寫詞尾的l, s, f. 比如will, off, miss. 有時(shí)雙音節(jié)詞也用到這條規(guī)則, 如re cess18. 詞尾為長音a時(shí), 常用ay在詞尾而不是a. (bay, day, decay19. 元音i和o后面有兩個(gè)輔音時(shí),

9、常發(fā)長音. (find, old20. s從不在x后, 音素x包含一個(gè)/s/音, /ks/.21. 去L規(guī)則1: all單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)有兩個(gè)l, 但在前綴中只有一個(gè)l.(al most, al so, al though.22. 去L規(guī)則2: till和full單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)有兩個(gè)l, 作后綴只有一個(gè)l. (un til, plen ti ful.23. 音素dge只用在單元音后面,而且這個(gè)元音發(fā)短音(badge, edge, bridge, lodge, budge.24. Y變I規(guī)則: 進(jìn)行詞尾變化時(shí), 詞尾是一個(gè)輔音字母+y, 要變y為i. 下列兩種情況駐外(1加-ing, (2變后會引起音節(jié)分裂.

10、city/cit ies beauty/beau ti ful play/player funny/fun ni estmultiply/mul ti ply ing rely/re li able cry/cried deny/denied25. 音素ck只用在單元音后, 而且這個(gè)元音發(fā)短音(back, neck, lick, rock, duck.26. 字母開頭的z永遠(yuǎn)發(fā)/z/, 不會發(fā)/s/.27. 音素ed有三個(gè)音, 基本詞以/t/和/d/音結(jié)尾, ed發(fā)/ed/(divide-divided, heat-heated; 基本詞以濁輔音結(jié)尾的, ed發(fā)/d/( lived, 以清輔音

11、結(jié)尾的發(fā)/t/(stopped28. 單詞常常(always在雙輔音間分音節(jié)但要注意不要把輔音字母組合分開(如ma the ma tic, 重讀音節(jié)的輔音才發(fā)音, 非重讀音節(jié)的輔音不發(fā)音lit tle.翻譯時(shí), consonant譯作輔音, vowel譯作元音.自然拼讀法基本規(guī)則:1. 二十六個(gè)字母的讀音(Letter Sounds. 五個(gè)元音字母(a, e, i, o, u, 每個(gè)發(fā)兩種音:長音(其字母音和短音 y不在單詞開頭時(shí),一般被看做元音2. 單元音單詞拼讀(Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations如果一個(gè)英語單詞或音節(jié)里只有一個(gè)元音, 且元音不在末

12、尾,這個(gè)元音一般發(fā)短音.如:Sam, cat, mat, 等等. Beginning Consonants Ending Consonants One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds3. 雙元音單詞拼讀(Two Vowel Words:一個(gè)單詞或音節(jié)里有兩個(gè)元音時(shí),一般來說,前邊一個(gè)元音發(fā)長音(其字母音,后邊一個(gè)元音不發(fā)音.如:make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, meet, meat, key, five, nine, tie, road, coat, toe, cute等等.4. 雙/三輔音在一起時(shí)的聯(lián)讀(Consonant

13、 Blends Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st Words ending in ll, ss, ff Consonant digraphs (ch, th, sh, wh5. 特殊讀法(1帶元音的特殊讀法(Irregular Vowel

14、sigh, ing, ind, ild, ar, or, oi, oy, alt, alk, ost, old, er, ir, ur, ew, sion, tion, eigh, all, ow, ow, ou, ay, ous, ed, ed (t, ed (d, aw, au, oo, oo以上字母組合作為整體音節(jié)發(fā)音。需記住它們所發(fā)的音。Examples: ar (car, far, air (hair, are (hare, au, augh (caught, aw (hawkal, all (all, tall, mall, hall, alk (talk, walk, alt (

15、halt, salt, ay (may, play ew (new, few, eigh (eight, weight,ed:says /ed/: patted, landed, liftedsays /t/: walked, hopped, stoppedsays /d/: cried, played, chewed er (sister, brother, ir (girl, fir, firm, ur (burn, hurt ie (field, ing(king, sing, dancing, ind (find, kind, behind, ild (mild, wild, chil

16、d, igh (high, night, light, ire oi (oil, boil, oy (boy, toy, old (old, cold, ost (most, host, olt,oo (book, oo (tool, school, or (or, for, horn,ow (讀音一:cow, now, how, bow;讀音二:bow, low, blow, snow,ou (shout, out, loudould (could, would, ough (五種不同的讀音:cough, through, ought, slough, plough,ought, , ous

17、 (famous, nervous, ue (cruel, ui (fluid tion (attention, fiction, sion (passion, expression, ending sounds : ang, ong, ung, edge, le6. 特殊讀法(2 如果一個(gè)單詞或音節(jié)里只有一個(gè)元音,而且元音在末尾,這個(gè)元音一般發(fā)長音(其字母音(Vowel at the end.如:me, hi, go, baby, table, humor,hibernate 等等。 Y在末尾(作為元音處理(y at the end: 單音節(jié)詞, 沒有其他元音,y發(fā)”I”(one sylla

18、ble word, y at the end (pronounced as “I”: my, why, fly, sky 多音節(jié)詞, y發(fā)”E” 的音(two or more syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”: daddy, mommy, ba by, honey, crazy7. 特殊讀法(3 - 固定讀音的單詞(Sight Word:is, are, the, a, to, here, hey, have, son, love, come, give, field 等.它們不遵守前邊的發(fā)音規(guī)則,需要死記硬背。8. 特殊讀法(4 輔音的特殊

19、讀法 有一些輔音不發(fā)音(silent consonants. Silent b: comb, lamb Silent h: ghost Silent k: knife, knock, knob, know Silent w: write, wrist, wreck c 和k 在一起時(shí),發(fā)一個(gè)音: quick, black等. q 總是和u在一起:quite, quick, quit, quilt等.之所以指出這一點(diǎn), 是在這里u不能再被認(rèn)為是元音, 而是和q一起組成一個(gè)輔音組合. 于是, 在quite這個(gè)單詞里只有兩個(gè)元音, 是雙元音單詞, 第一個(gè)元音i發(fā)字母音, 第二個(gè)元音e不發(fā)音. p和h

20、在一起, 發(fā)/f/的音: phone, photo. 復(fù)數(shù)s及末尾s的讀音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s c和g 的兩種讀音: 如果i(或y或者e 跟在c或者g的后邊, c發(fā)/s/, g發(fā)/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page. 其他情況下, c發(fā)/k/, g發(fā)/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log. 特殊情況:get, give9. 多音節(jié)單詞和復(fù)合詞(Words with multiple syllables and c

21、ompound words 多音節(jié)單詞: believe, multiple, syllable, compound復(fù)合詞: homework, highway, sidewalk, inside, outside快速記單詞的秘訣自然拼讀法記不住,聽不懂,說不了,是英語學(xué)習(xí)三大困難。首先要突破的就是“語音”。發(fā)音不過關(guān),單詞記不住,英語就始終學(xué)不好。而且最大的害處是缺乏學(xué)英語的興趣,逐步失去信心,影響下一步學(xué)習(xí)。希望英語將英語學(xué)習(xí)困難總結(jié)為學(xué)英語的三關(guān):拼讀關(guān)、詞法關(guān)、句法關(guān)。“希望英語”獨(dú)特之處傳授一種全新的學(xué)習(xí)理念和學(xué)習(xí)方法,讓大家不查字典,不借助音標(biāo),不依賴?yán)蠋?自主拼讀、記憶成千上萬的

22、單詞。秘訣NO.1 字母聲和字母音字母聲:字母本身的發(fā)音,作用是幫助我們拼寫單詞字母音:字母在單詞里的發(fā)音,作用是幫助我們拼讀單詞“字母音表(歌”a b k(c de f g hi j l m no p q(u r s tu v w x y z秘訣NO.2 “自然拼讀法”根據(jù)“希望英語”字母音發(fā)音特點(diǎn)總結(jié)出的單詞拼讀的一套規(guī)律和方法。秘訣NO.3 “短元音”a e i o ua fat cat man hat一只肥胖的小貓鉆進(jìn)了一個(gè)男人的帽子里面。black bat catch bag一只黑色的蝙蝠抓住了那個(gè)包。e wet pet red net一只潮濕的寵物鉆進(jìn)了一個(gè)紅色的網(wǎng)兜。left b

23、est vest less左邊最好的那種背心量比較少。i (y Miss Li sit in pit李小姐不小心坐到了坑里面。dish dip bit fish盤子里浸泡了少量的魚。o dog frog on log狗和青蛙坐到了原木上面。boss lock dog cock老板鎖住了狗和公雞。u dusty duck run mud一只沾滿灰塵的鴨子跑在泥巴路上。bus bump sun club公共汽車撞到了陽光俱樂部。秘訣NO.4 “音鏈”一個(gè)元音和它前面相臨近的輔音構(gòu)成一個(gè)“音鏈”。它能幫你更快的拼讀單詞。這樣拼讀速度更快!rapid finish picnic迅速完成野餐Britis

24、h happy rabbit英國快樂的野兔visit fifty chemist拜訪五十歲的化學(xué)家秘訣NO.5 “重讀音鏈和弱讀音鏈”單音鏈,雙音鏈,三音鏈,重音鏈在最前;多音鏈里的重音,從后往前數(shù),數(shù)到倒數(shù)三?？伎寄愕难哿aris public clinic巴黎公共的野餐robot memory lesson機(jī)器人記憶功課Oxford monitor effert牛津大學(xué)班長努力vivid activity solidarity生動的活躍的團(tuán)結(jié)秘訣NO.6 “字名音”“自然拼讀法”中五個(gè)元音字母本身的發(fā)音叫做“字名音”,它們形式多樣,我們把它們表示為: ae ee ie oe uea*e

25、flame bake cake火焰烤著面包e*e theme mete scene主題(是 “邊界(的 景色”i*e prime file hide主要的文件(被 隱藏(了o*e whole role quote所有的角色(都被 引用u*e duke use tube公爵使用管子秘訣NO.7 “雙字母元音”ar barber scarf bar charm garden理發(fā)師(戴著圍巾(走出酒吧,(看到了迷人的花園。er term her teacher tender temper(這個(gè)學(xué)期她的老師(有著溫柔的(好脾氣or morning porter shorts sport早晨搬運(yùn)工(穿著

26、短褲(做運(yùn)動。oo school bloom boon學(xué)校繁榮興旺air stair pair armchair樓梯(旁有一對扶手椅子。ear clear hear rear清楚聽見后面oi noisy coin voice嘈雜的硬幣聲音ow brown shower towel棕色的沐浴毛巾秘訣NO.8 “元音弱讀”弱音鏈里的元音,怎么讀?其實(shí)掌握了規(guī)律,你就不糊涂a e i o u還有or和ar, 除了ie 要讀i,讀er是其他。試試劃分音鏈并自然拼讀terrible devil 可怕的惡魔possible problem 可能的問題several current chicken 幾只 t

27、olerate 當(dāng)前的 小雞 容忍 自然拼音拼讀練習(xí)表 第一天：a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple Ee:egg well red pen net hen bed bell Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill Oo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich Uu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under cape name tape lake game make take ha

28、te these Japanese Chinese bite five nine kite mine nice ride side rose nose rope note pose home rode those tube cube June cute huge 第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie igh oa ow ui ue ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maid ay:bay ray way say hay pay May lay ee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth ea:sea m

29、eat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea ey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolley ie:tie pie lie die igh:right sight night tight hight fight high sigh oa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap ow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow low ui:suit juice fruit ue:Sue blue glue true

30、第三天:ar er ir ur or ar: arm car armchair card cart farm park garden er:sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker mother ir:birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girl ur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurse or:porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork 第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo ea

31、ou:house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouse ow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flower tower oi:coin oil point noise boil soil poison coil oy:oyster boy cowboy soy toy au:august sause sausage naughty autumn applause aw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn oo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food

32、spoon room cool fool boom foolish oo:book cook good foot look hook ea:head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather 6 第五天:ch sh wh ph th th kn wr mb ch:beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherry sh:sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel wh:whale white wheel wheat whip whistle whe

33、elchair whisper ph:photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet th:brother feather leather father mother th:thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth kn:knob knee knife knock knit wr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write mb:thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb 第六天:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr

34、 dr bl:blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hair fl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flower pl:plane play plus planet platform plum plate plant cl:clock cloud clean clay climb close clap clown gl:glove globe glass glue glasses glider br:bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brother

35、cr:crown crab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissant gr:gray green grass grapes ground grow grandma pr:prixe price prawn press prince princess pray fr:frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend frame tr:tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolley dr:dream drum dry drop draw drive

36、dress drink 第七天:sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew y sm:smile small smell smoke smooth sn:snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snack sl:slow slap sleep slide slope sled sw:switch swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweat sp:spider spaceship spinach spoon spell st:stockings store star stamp

37、 storm stick student stand sc:scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoop sk:skunk skis skirt skates all:call tall fall ball wall ew:dew few view hew new nephew newspaper Yy: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my Yy :Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby 自然拼音強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：Tongue twister 1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug. 2.A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose! 3.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat. 4.A