全國(guó)近五年高考英語(yǔ)真題語(yǔ)法填空

1、 20152011年各省市高考題Passage 1(2015·新課標(biāo)全國(guó))閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours 2 ，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with

2、 the rain.I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away 6 car a

3、nd offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie &

4、; Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】桂林山水甲天下，陽(yáng)朔風(fēng)光甲桂林。作者講述了從香港去陽(yáng)朔旅游時(shí)的所見(jiàn)。1.解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用了過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。答案arrived2.解析考查副詞的用法。由語(yǔ)境可知，幾個(gè)小時(shí)之前我還在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。答案before/earlier3.解析

5、考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法?？崭窈竺嬗忻~smog，故要使用形容詞性物主代詞。答案its4.解析考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞的用法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)不難判斷這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為指物的mountain tops and dark waters，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此答案為that/ which。答案that/ which5.解析考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)?！皊o many復(fù)數(shù)名詞”為一常用短語(yǔ)。答案paintings6.解析考查介詞的固定用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這只是驅(qū)車一小時(shí)的路程。“by交通工具名詞”為一固定短語(yǔ)。答案by7.解析考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。本段介紹陽(yáng)朔的自然條件，屬客觀事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由于主

6、語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱形式，因此答案為is。答案is8.解析考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。study與conduct之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用表示被動(dòng)的過(guò)去分詞形式。此外，by是解題的關(guān)鍵詞，conducted by.意為“由所做的”。答案conducted9.解析考查副詞的用法。該詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞arrange，故要用其副詞形式。答案regularly10.解析考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。由于live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用表示主動(dòng)意義的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案livingPassage 2(2015·新課標(biāo)全國(guó))閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞

7、)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electri

8、c equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up agai

9、n for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle

10、work on most days.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑，簡(jiǎn)陋的土坯房可謂丑陋不堪。但當(dāng)代的建筑師卻對(duì)其情有獨(dú)鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。1.解析考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)dwellings與動(dòng)詞build之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動(dòng)意義的過(guò)去分詞。答案built2.解析考查定冠詞的用法。空格之后為形容詞的最高級(jí)形式，故填定冠詞。答案the3.解析考查形容詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞their之后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，故將able轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式。答案ability4.解析考查介詞的用法。介詞without之后的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)

11、名詞形式。答案using5.解析考查副詞的用法。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來(lái)。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞give out，因此要用副詞形式。答案slowly6.解析考查固定句式的用法?！靶稳菰~enough動(dòng)詞不定式”為一常用句式。答案to cool7.解析考查固定短語(yǔ)的用法。at the same time意為“同時(shí)”，是一個(gè)常用介詞短語(yǔ)。答案at8.解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。答案goes9.解析考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞architects，故要用形容詞形式。答案natural10.解析考查賓語(yǔ)從句的

12、連接詞用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為how。答案howPassage 3(2015·福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語(yǔ)提示，2)首字母提示，3)語(yǔ)境提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫(xiě)正確。Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h ， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a

13、heated argument.Here (2) my tips for you.The (3)f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of t

14、he housework.(5) are you going to do about it？”， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more (6) (有幫助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.”My second piece of (8)a

15、is simple.If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9) (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do that.答案1.happens2.are3.first4.with5.What6.helpful/beneficial7.bett

16、er8.advice9.apology10.inPassage 4(2015·湖南)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searchi

17、ng the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is,

18、you 4 always rely just on the Internet for your research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7 to sort through and

19、find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】隨著電腦和因特網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，研究變得既簡(jiǎn)單又復(fù)雜。一方面，我們不必像以往一樣在書(shū)中搜索資料，這為我們提供了極大的方便；另一方面，網(wǎng)絡(luò)中眾多的資料良莠不齊，選擇準(zhǔn)確的信息使我們的工作變得愈加復(fù)雜。1.解析考查狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，如果你有了電腦，你可以通過(guò)上網(wǎng)獲得所需的信息。答案if2.解析考查冠詞。go to the library去圖書(shū)館；in the library 在圖書(shū)館。答案the

20、3.解析考查連詞。and 連接并列謂語(yǔ)find和print。答案and4.解析考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文你應(yīng)該(should)查閱不同的資料。答案shouldn't5.解析考查形容詞比較級(jí)。參見(jiàn)上文第一句more complex。答案more6.解析考查介詞。be overwhelmed with 面臨，陷入。答案with7.解析考查疑問(wèn)詞。根據(jù)句意，你需要學(xué)習(xí)如何分類并找到特定任務(wù)的相關(guān)信息。how to do 是含有疑問(wèn)詞的不定式，在此處作賓語(yǔ)。答案how8.解析考查代詞。參見(jiàn)上文You need to learn how to sort throug.答案youPassage 5(2

21、014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó))閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fir

22、e and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4 even a few months.It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in

23、 the river is 6 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and somethi

24、ng to change immediately?While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10 (patience).1.解析文章講的是1969年的事情，故用過(guò)去時(shí)。答案was2.解析修飾動(dòng)詞caught，用副詞actually“實(shí)際上”。答案actually3.解析most

25、outstanding是最高級(jí)，前面需要加the。答案the4.解析河流不是幾天或者幾個(gè)月里就改變了的，這里兩個(gè)時(shí)間是選擇關(guān)系，故用or。答案or5.解析這里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“做某事花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”。故應(yīng)填不定式to reduce。答案to reduce6.解析根據(jù)下文than知用形容詞的比較級(jí)。答案cleaner7.解析habit是先行詞，故用that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。答案that/which8.解析是“令人吃驚的”，用形容詞修飾名詞stories，而amazed指“人感到吃驚的”，用來(lái)修飾人。答案amazing9.解析根據(jù)句子的謂

26、語(yǔ)“are”可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。答案changes10.解析根據(jù)空格前系動(dòng)詞“be”可知這里應(yīng)為形容詞。答案patientPassage 6(2014·廣東) 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we

27、 had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 2 (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We 3 (tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week， 4 for the week after.I di

28、dn't understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation.What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.She was 7 (surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 t

29、op floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren't charged extra.The next day，my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little 10 (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，記述了我和我兄弟去Miami(邁阿密)旅游，當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

30、達(dá)目的地后，來(lái)到六個(gè)月前訂的賓館，卻意外被告知訂的房間是下個(gè)星期的，且該賓館房間已訂滿。正當(dāng)不知如何辦時(shí)，經(jīng)理出來(lái)了，將他們安排在留出來(lái)的VIP房間，且不另外收他們的錢，真是喜出望外的事。1.解析在said后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填代詞；指代前句中的Miami這個(gè)地方，應(yīng)用it。答案it2.解析在句中作狀語(yǔ)，依然用副詞；不變?cè)~性，因?yàn)槭禽^早的做的事，所以用比較級(jí)。答案earlier3.解析由句意可知，是“我們被告知”，由上下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案were told4.解析根據(jù)上下句意，意為“不是為那個(gè)星期訂的，而是為后一個(gè)星期所訂的”，為not.but.結(jié)構(gòu)。答案but5.

31、解析意為“我不知道為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事”，故用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。答案why6.解析charge.for.是習(xí)慣搭配。答案for7.解析因本句已有作表語(yǔ)的形容詞helpful，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞來(lái)修飾形容詞helpful，指“令人驚訝地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。答案surprisingly8.解析特指“在頂樓”。答案the9.解析先行詞是地點(diǎn)the beach，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故填where (on which and on the beach and there)。答案where10.解析在表示“變化”的got后作表語(yǔ)，要用形容詞；sunburn是名詞，其形容詞形式是bur

32、nt或burned。答案sunburnt/sunburnedPassage 7(2014·福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語(yǔ)提示，2)首字母提示，3)語(yǔ)境提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫(xiě)正確。Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h ，can completely avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potenti

33、al talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) (資源)，our money，or other people's time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make a big (3)d .It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing o

34、n (5) (節(jié)省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6) cutting down on waste.We must keep reminding (7) (自己)that it is easier to get into something (8) it is to get out of it.Actually，severe damage (9)d to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.It's time for us

35、to (10) no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop well.We can't solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness.Waste not!1.解析句意：然而，在我們的生活中，沒(méi)有人能完全避免浪費(fèi)。位于句中，前后都有逗號(hào)，用副詞，所以填however。答案however2.解析作waste的賓語(yǔ)，故用名詞形式，且用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。答案resources3.解析句意：最小的好習(xí)慣也會(huì)起作用

36、。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影響，起作用。答案difference4.解析do one's best是固定用法，意思是盡某人最大的努力。答案best5.解析介詞on之后用動(dòng)詞的ing形式。答案saving6.解析play a part in是固定用法，意思是“在中起作用”。答案in7.解析句意：我們必須不斷地提醒我們自己，所以填反身代詞ourselves。答案ourselves8.解析這里進(jìn)行比較，所以用比較句式，故填than。答案than9.解析“嚴(yán)重危害”和“作用于”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。答案done10.解析句意：是時(shí)候?qū)Α袄速M(fèi)”說(shuō)不了。

37、It is time for sb to do sth是固定用法，意思是“是時(shí)候做某事了?！贝鸢竤ayPassage 8(2014·湖南)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.We can choose our friends，but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.However，to get a happy home life，we have to get

38、along with 1 as well as possible.An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 2 .People should not do things 3 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.For example，television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) 4 loud pop music should not be played very late at night.By avoiding

39、 things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them.An equally important quality is tolerance.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people， 6 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 7 neighbors want to get along well with

40、 each other，they have to show their tolerance.In this way，everyone will live 8 peace.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】我們可以選擇朋友，卻無(wú)法選擇鄰居；因此處理好鄰里關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。該篇文章主要說(shuō)明如何處理好鄰里關(guān)系。1.解析根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)此處缺少get along with的賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文句意所填詞匯應(yīng)是前文提到的neighbors，故用代詞them。答案them2.解析根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)此處缺少介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞，根據(jù)下文意思可以總結(jié)出“好鄰居的重要品質(zhì)是為他人著想”，故填others。答案others3.解析分析結(jié)構(gòu)可

41、知此句中需要填的是定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞是things指物，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，故用that/which。答案that/which4.解析此處缺少連詞，根據(jù)句意可知上下文是并列加順延的關(guān)系，故用and。答案and5.解析此處考查冠詞。relationship此處作可數(shù)名詞，且第一次出現(xiàn)，用a。答案a6.解析此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境：“鄰居們應(yīng)該盡其所能避免打攪別人，但有時(shí)一些攪擾是不可避免的”。此處上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。答案but7.解析此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)句意：“如果鄰居們想要和睦相處他們應(yīng)互相忍讓?！彼钤~匯應(yīng)能引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故用If或When。答案If/When8.解析此

42、處考查固定短語(yǔ)的介詞搭配。根據(jù)句意，這樣，大家都能和平共處，故用in，“in peace”和平地。答案inPassage 9(2013·廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。One day，Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly，he 1 (find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son，“G

43、o to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much 2 too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much，F(xiàn)ather，but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money？”“That would be a very 4 (reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could de

44、stroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.Nick's guests, 5 had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of

45、that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldn't 8 (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，

46、always 10 (think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文通過(guò)Nick叫兒子去買鹽要給合理價(jià)格的故事說(shuō)明，一定要公平對(duì)待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。1.解析動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在主格人稱代詞he后應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由語(yǔ)境可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案found2.解析并列連詞。nor構(gòu)成并列連詞neither.nor。答案nor3.解析連接副詞。why not do sth (何不做某事)？是固定句式。答案why4.解析詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。在名詞前作定語(yǔ)要

47、用形容詞。答案reasonable5.解析非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是人，故填who。答案who6.解析介詞。因名詞a low price在句中不作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)為介詞的賓語(yǔ)；根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配，用介詞at。答案at7.解析介詞。show respect for表示尊重。答案for8.解析副詞。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。答案possibly9.解析不定冠詞。a small amount of(少量的)是固定搭配。答案a10.解析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。因everyone與think是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作added的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。答案thinkingPassage 10(2011·廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。One Sunday morning in August I went