初中英語五種基本句型總結(jié)課件07150

1、英語五種基本句型：英語五種基本句型：基本句型一基本句型一: : + + （主謂）（主謂）基本句型二基本句型二: : + + + +（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三基本句型三: : + + + +O O （主謂賓）（主謂賓）基本句型四基本句型四: : + + +IO +IO +O O（主謂間賓（主謂間賓 直賓）直賓）基本句型五：基本句型五： + + + +O O + +（主謂賓（主謂賓賓補）賓補） 1.They work hard. 主主 + 謂謂 2.Plants need water. 主主 + 謂謂 + 賓賓 3.The flower is dead. 主主 + 系系 + 表表 4.He g

2、ives me some seeds. 主主 + 謂謂 + 直賓直賓 + 間間賓賓 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主主 + 謂謂 + 賓賓 + 賓補賓補 1.She sings.1.She sings. 2.She sings songs.2.She sings songs. 3.She is a singer.3.She is a singer. 4.She sang him a song.4.She sang him a song. 5.She asked him to sing too.5.She asked him to sing

3、too. 1 1、Toms sister,Mary,sings Toms sister,Mary,sings werywery well. well. 2, Every morning she sings folk 2, Every morning she sings folk songs at the top of her voice songs at the top of her voice near the window.near the window. 3, If she works hard, she may 3, If she works hard, she may become

4、a famous singer some become a famous singer some day.day. 4,Every morning,she sings 4,Every morning,she sings countless songs to her countless songs to her brother,andbrother,and give him no peace. give him no peace. 5,Sometimes,naughty Mary 5,Sometimes,naughty Mary would ask her angry brother to wo

5、uld ask her angry brother to sing together with her.sing together with her. 基本句型基本句型 一一 + +（主謂）（主謂） 此句型的句子有一個共同特點，即句子的此句型的句子有一個共同特點，即句子的謂語動詞都能表達謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。 這類動詞叫做這類動詞叫做不及物動詞不及物動詞，后面可以跟副，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。walk. look. swim. go. come. walk. look. swim. go. come. work. run, live. stay ,

6、 arrivework. run, live. stay , arrive .go to , look at, listen togo to , look at, listen to Thesunwasshining.Thesunwasshining. Themoonrose.Themoonrose. Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink. He runs in the park. He runs in the park. Theytalkedforhalfanhour. Theytalkedforhalfanhour. The

7、penwritessmoothly.Birds Thepenwritessmoothly.Birds fly.fly. Class begins. Class begins. They also play together after They also play together after school.school. He often runs in the morning.He often runs in the morning. He often walks after supper. He often walks after supper. He always swims in s

8、ummer.He always swims in summer. Flowers grow in spring. Flowers grow in spring. He is lying under the tree. He is lying under the tree. I live far away from school. I live far away from school. We travel by bicycle.We travel by bicycle. I get there at eight.I get there at eight. The bus goes along

9、Yuhua The bus goes along Yuhua Road.Road. The wind is blowing.The wind is blowing. The days start before 6 oclock.The days start before 6 oclock. The bus stopped at the station.The bus stopped at the station. They live on the ninth floor.They live on the ninth floor. My eyes hurt.My eyes hurt. The s

10、tudents study hard.The students study hard. The sun shines in summer. The sun shines in summer. 基本句型基本句型 二二 + + + +O O （主謂賓）（主謂賓） 共同特點是：謂語動詞都具有實義，都共同特點是：謂語動詞都具有實義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，是主語產(chǎn)生的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞及物動詞。1. Who 2. She 3. He 4. He

11、 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 8. He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts.to have a cup of tea. Good morning. Whoknowstheanswer?Whoknowstheanswer?ShesmiledherthankShesmiledherthanks.s.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.Heenjoysre

12、ading.Heenjoysreading.Theyatethree apples. Theyatethree apples. HesaidGoodmorning.HesaidGoodmorning.Iwanttohaveacupoftea. Iwanttohaveacupoftea. Heoften plays football.Heoften plays football.I have two brothers. I have two brothers. He never rides his bicycle to He never rides his bicycle to schoolsc

13、hool We watch television after supperWe watch television after supper Stop talking. Stop talking. She likes her job.She likes her job.Birds are making their nests. Birds are making their nests. My father read the book.My father read the book.They want to go. They want to go. I know him very wellI kn

14、ow him very well Many people like traveling by Many people like traveling by bus. bus. You must listen to me. You must listen to me. Look at the blackboard. Look at the blackboard.I get on the bus.I get on the bus.He looks after his brother.He looks after his brother.They put up a new hospital.They

15、put up a new hospital.基本句型基本句型 三三（主系表）（主系表）共同的特點：共同的特點： 句子謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意句子謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做類動詞叫做連系動詞連系動詞。1 1、表示情況或狀態(tài)：、表示情況或狀態(tài)：（1 1）、）、be,keep,seem,appearbe,keep,seem,appear 狀態(tài)狀態(tài)（2 2）、）、feel,smell, sound,tastefeel,smell,

16、sound,taste look,look,等感官動詞變化而來等感官動詞變化而來（3 3）、）、keep,stay,continue,remain,gkeep,stay,continue,remain,go o rise rise不及物動詞變化而來。不及物動詞變化而來。2 2、表示主語變化過程：、表示主語變化過程：get,grow,become,turnget,grow,become,turn，go, go, comecome等。等。bebe本身沒有什么意義本身沒有什么意義, ,只起連系主語只起連系主語和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保持和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義。其部分詞義。 Thi

17、sisanEnglish-ChineseThisisanEnglish-Chinese dictionary. dictionary. Thedinnersmellsgood.Thedinnersmellsgood.Hefellinlove.Hefellinlove.Everythinglooksdifferent.Everythinglooksdifferent.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.Thetrouble isthattheyareThetrouble isthattheyare shortofmoney. sho

18、rtofmoney. Ourwellhasgonedry.Ourwellhasgonedry.Hisfaceturnedred.Hisfaceturnedred.It is an apple. It is an apple. Im thirteen years old. Im thirteen years old.They are in the park. They are in the park. The tall man is my father.The tall man is my father.Im poor at English.Im poor at English. The foo

19、d tastes nicer,The food tastes nicer,It gets warmer and warmer. It gets warmer and warmer. The days are longer. The days are longer.He became a scientist. He became a scientist. His face goes red. His face goes red. 基本句型基本句型 四四 （主謂間賓（主謂間賓 直賓）直賓） 共同特點：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓共同特點：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個語才能表

20、達完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受者，另一個是動作的間是動作的直接承受者，另一個是動作的間接承受者。接承受者。表示動作是表示動作是“對著誰對著誰”，“為為了誰了誰”做的，往往指人。怎樣才能知道動做的，往往指人。怎樣才能知道動作是作是“為了誰為了誰”還是還是“對著誰對著誰”，那就要，那就要根據(jù)間接賓語是表示動作的方向還是動作根據(jù)間接賓語是表示動作的方向還是動作的目的來定。的目的來定。 pass, give, offer, lend, send, sell, pass, give, offer, lend, send, sell, show,bring, hand, tell, show

21、,bring, hand, tell, return,write,pay,teach,promisereturn,write,pay,teach,promise等動詞表示方向，即動作是等動詞表示方向，即動作是“對著誰對著誰”，后的間接賓語前用后的間接賓語前用to,to,構(gòu)成構(gòu)成sthsth + to sb. + to sb. 如如: lend the book to me. : lend the book to me. The old man gave the apple The old man gave the apple to the boyto the boy . buy, build,

22、makebuy, build,make, do, fetch, get, , do, fetch, get, play, save, cook, sing, find, play, save, cook, sing, find, 動詞動詞后的間接賓語是表示目的，即動作是后的間接賓語是表示目的，即動作是“為了誰為了誰”做的，后用做的，后用sthsth + for sb. + for sb.結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)。構(gòu)。 My brother bought a My brother bought a dictionary for me. dictionary for me. My mother made a cak

23、e for My mother made a cake for me.me. 間接賓語通常位于直接賓語之前，即：間接賓語通常位于直接賓語之前，即：動詞動詞+ +間賓間賓+ +直賓直賓 He gave me an apple.He gave me an apple. She bought her daughter a She bought her daughter a new bike.new bike. He told us an old story.He told us an old story. Lao Li cooked a nice dinner.Lao Li cooked a nic

24、e dinner. He gave me a pen.=He gave a He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me. pen to me. She made me a cake.=She made She made me a cake.=She made a cake for me. a cake for me. He will buy some books for me. He will buy some books for me. He gave a nice present to her He gave a nice present to her ye

25、sterday.yesterday. Her mother bought a new watch Her mother bought a new watch for her last week.for her last week. 但當(dāng)直接賓語是人稱代詞，間接賓語是但當(dāng)直接賓語是人稱代詞，間接賓語是名詞時，或兩個賓語都是人稱代詞時，名詞時，或兩個賓語都是人稱代詞時，間接賓語位于直接賓語之后，這時在間間接賓語位于直接賓語之后，這時在間接賓語前必須加接賓語前必須加toto或或for.for.如：如： I pass it to my mother. I pass it to my mother. S

26、he threw them to me. She threw them to me. 關(guān)鍵是牢記只能接關(guān)鍵是牢記只能接toto和和for for 的動詞。的動詞。 I showed him my pictures. I showed him my pictures. I gave my car a wash.I gave my car a wash. I told him that the bus was I told him that the bus was late. late. She passed him a new dress.She passed him a new dress.

27、She cooked her a delicious She cooked her a delicious meal.meal. She brought her husband a She brought her husband a dictionary.dictionary. He bought you nothing. He bought you nothing. I showed her my pictures.I showed her my pictures. I gave him a hand. I gave him a hand. I told him how to run the

28、 I told him how to run the machine.machine. 基本句型基本句型 五五 + +O +（主謂賓賓補）（主謂賓賓補） 共同特點是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但共同特點是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語，才能使意須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語，才能使意完整。完整。They made her happy.They made her happy. I saw her dance. I saw her dance. I found the movie interesting. I

29、 found the movie interesting. He left the door open. He left the door open. He asked me to come back. He asked me to come back. I saw them getting on the bus.I saw them getting on the bus. 1 1、動詞不定式作賓補時有三種情況：、動詞不定式作賓補時有三種情況： 1 1）、在）、在ask, tell, invite, force, ask, tell, invite, force, get, allow, he

30、lp, wish, want, get, allow, help, wish, want, like, hate, preferlike, hate, prefer等動詞后，應(yīng)用帶等動詞后，應(yīng)用帶toto的不定式。的不定式。 2 2）、在感官動詞）、在感官動詞see, hear, see, hear, watch,listenwatch,listen to, notice, feel, to, notice, feel, look at,look at,和使役動詞和使役動詞have, make, have, make, let let 后，不定式不帶后，不定式不帶to.to. 3) 3)、help he