閱讀理解之猜測(cè)詞義

1、 When a contractor is ready to begin construction of a superhighway，he makes a preliminary study of the drawings and blueprints supplied by the engineers. He gains mental picture of the whole job before he begins actual construction答案答案A. preparatory。 preliminary和和preparatory的的，表示表示“預(yù)先預(yù)先”的意思，又根據(jù)的意思，

2、又根據(jù)常識(shí)，凡是搞工程建設(shè)在著手建造時(shí)一定要作建常識(shí)，凡是搞工程建設(shè)在著手建造時(shí)一定要作建筑前期準(zhǔn)備，包括研究審查工程師的設(shè)計(jì)圖紙等。筑前期準(zhǔn)備，包括研究審查工程師的設(shè)計(jì)圖紙等。且據(jù)詞且據(jù)詞prepare,故故A為唯一正確選項(xiàng)。為唯一正確選項(xiàng)。A.preparatory B. afterwardsC. scientific D. necessary1 The word “” refers to/ probably means/ could best be replaced by _2 The word “” is most likely to mean_3 What do you think

3、the expression “” stands for? _4 By saying “” we mean_5 “” as used in the passage, can be best defined as _. 2 對(duì)比法對(duì)比法3 因果法因果法4 聯(lián)想法聯(lián)想法5 構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法1定義法定義法 通過(guò)定義通過(guò)定義,定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句/詞組詞組,同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)/詞組詞組(that is, or, i.e , such as , in other words , namely , put another way)來(lái)確定詞義來(lái)確定詞義 1. It will be very hard but also v

4、ery brittlethat is, it will break easily. A easily broken B soft inside C very hard D expensive一一 定義法定義法 2.The herdsman ,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. A keeper of a group of animals ,esp. cattles B a butcher C a man who sell sheep D a person who looks after and kill animals3. T

5、he word “adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood. A 少兒期少兒期 B 幼兒期幼兒期 C 青春期青春期 D 成人期成人期 在一個(gè)生詞的前后有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)它的反在一個(gè)生詞的前后有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)它的反義詞或常用來(lái)對(duì)比的詞語(yǔ)，我們從而義詞或常用來(lái)對(duì)比的詞語(yǔ)，我們從而可以推知該生詞的意思。這時(shí)應(yīng)該特可以推知該生詞的意思。這時(shí)應(yīng)該特別注意表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊倪B詞別注意表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊倪B詞（although, but, while, etc.）、副詞）、副詞（instead ,yet ,etc）或介詞短語(yǔ)（）或介詞短語(yǔ)（on t

6、he other hand, on the contrary, etc.） 二二 對(duì)比法對(duì)比法2. Most of us agreed, however ,Bill dissented. A have a different opinion B support C like it very much D doesnt show his ideas 1. l. Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic 根據(jù)對(duì)

7、上下文或整句的理解，運(yùn)用其因果根據(jù)對(duì)上下文或整句的理解，運(yùn)用其因果關(guān)系，猜出該生詞的意義關(guān)系，猜出該生詞的意義. 1.The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken .Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. A going on for a long time B that may be permitted C not very strong D in a bad condition三因果法三因果法 2.One

8、who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. A without food,clothes,and other things necessary for life B believing to control events C deciding in advance 3.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. A very large B crowed C noisy D good 利用常識(shí)

9、、自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷及社利用常識(shí)、自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷及社會(huì)、科技等方面的知識(shí)猜詞會(huì)、科技等方面的知識(shí)猜詞 1. She read my letter slowly to the end and then tore it to shreds. A fragments B the whole C envelope D fires 四四 聯(lián)想法聯(lián)想法1.The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel A the top of the frame of a door or window B the bottom of the frame of a

10、door or window C the top part of the roof or ceiling 2. After inventing dynamite, Nobel became a very rich man. A powerful explosive B light C engine D electricity 英語(yǔ)中某些生詞的產(chǎn)生有一定的規(guī)律英語(yǔ)中某些生詞的產(chǎn)生有一定的規(guī)律可循，這種規(guī)律稱之為構(gòu)詞法。英語(yǔ)可循，這種規(guī)律稱之為構(gòu)詞法。英語(yǔ)中常見的構(gòu)詞法有轉(zhuǎn)換、派生、合成中常見的構(gòu)詞法有轉(zhuǎn)換、派生、合成三種。對(duì)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)有一定的了解，三種。對(duì)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)有一定的了解，在閱讀中，我們就

11、可以運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的構(gòu)在閱讀中，我們就可以運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的構(gòu)詞法來(lái)猜測(cè)某些生詞的含義詞法來(lái)猜測(cè)某些生詞的含義。 五五 構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法l比如，我們也許不知道比如，我們也許不知道unforeseeable的含的含義，但我們可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法得知它是一個(gè)義，但我們可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法得知它是一個(gè)派生詞。于是把它拆成派生詞。于是把它拆成un,fore,see,able;其其中中see是詞根，是詞根，fore是是“先、前、預(yù)先、前、預(yù)”的含的含義，義，un是否定，是否定，able是是“能能的的”，因此，因此unforeseeable就是就是“未能預(yù)見到的未能預(yù)見到的”。l再如，我們也許從未見過(guò)再如，我們也許從未見過(guò)“l(fā)ipse

12、rvice”這個(gè)這個(gè)詞。通過(guò)觀察分析該詞，我們知道它是一詞。通過(guò)觀察分析該詞，我們知道它是一個(gè)合成詞，由個(gè)合成詞，由“l(fā)ip”和和“service”兩詞構(gòu)成，兩詞構(gòu)成，“l(fā)ip”是是“嘴唇嘴唇”，“service”是是“服務(wù)服務(wù)”，于是，我們不難猜出于是，我們不難猜出“l(fā)ipservice”是是“口惠口惠而實(shí)不至，空話而實(shí)不至，空話”的意思。的意思。1.We must safeguard the world peace. A protect B care or custody C prevent D to keep safe with a burglar-alarm2.Dont listen

13、to his nonsense. A havig no meaning B meaningless words C humorous speech D not making sense1) He found an unpretentious job as a wheeler of cement（水泥）水泥）and loved being unnoticed.A. unshowy B. unluckyC. easy D. unhappy2) Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence

14、.A. time B. competitionC. perseverance D. beginning againbeing unnoticed.loved3) He felt very alone; he had lived in Baltimore City for a month and had met no one in the inhospitable city.A. unfriendly B. uncomfortableC. unhealthy D. enormous4) The official asked the man what his occupation was. The

15、 man told him that he worked as an engineer.A.work B. study C. name D. interest 5) She sneered, You are the worst type of parasite. You make me sick! You take our friendship and love, but you give nothing of yourself! A. person B. enemyC. friend D. one who lives on another提示： 這一閱讀理解練習(xí)的特點(diǎn)是每一題都看三個(gè)句子，每

16、后一句總比前一句多一層新意思，每一題都有一個(gè)相同劃線部分的詞語(yǔ)。必須學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文提供的信息，結(jié)合一定的常識(shí)才能推理判斷出新詞語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確意思。Further consolidationFurther consolidation例題：例題：Tom canTom cant find t find his his sneakerssneakers. .A.Money B. bowls C. shoesA.Money B. bowls C. shoesTom canTom cant find t find his white sneakershis white sneakersA.Money B. bo

17、wls C. shoesA.Money B. bowls C. shoesTom canTom cant play tennis nowt play tennis now because he can because he cant find his t find his white white sneakerssneakers. .A.Money B. bowls C. shoesA.Money B. bowls C. shoesl）Jane is usually prompt. Alate Bon time CpleasedPRACTICE Jane is usually prompt f

18、or her classes Alate B. on time，C. pleasedJane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class. Alate Bon time CpleasedB Tom saw an owl in a tree last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun2）Tom saw an owl last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sunTom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sunA1) The boy wants to ride a brown pony. Adog Bcat ChorseC2) Since he rejected the advice his teacher gave him，he failed in the exam Atook Brefused CmadeB3)The children are looking at a large, hairy(毛的毛的) ape at the zoo Aa k