ECCN相關介紹

1、 ECCN相關介紹ECCN主要是根據(jù)產(chǎn)品和技術的類型和性能來確定出口控制的級別。對于不需要出口許可的（no license required）則放行，否則就要申請出口許可。美國政府部門制定的出口限制措施，要求任何科技產(chǎn)品和技術的出口，必須通過以下流程：1、確定商品控制清單的ECCN出口分類號碼，如果是EAR99，則不受控制。美國政府規(guī)定，任何供應商和原廠都有義務提供產(chǎn)品的ECCN編碼。ECCN編碼為五位數(shù)基碼：第一位：數(shù)字，是商品控制類別序號，共計十類，如3電子/4計算機/5電信和信息安全/6激光和感應器/7導航和航天；第二位：字母，標記A為設備、組件、零件，B為檢測設備，C為材料，D為軟件，

2、E為技術；第三位：數(shù)字，具體說明控制理由，0為國家安全（軍品兩用控制），1為導彈技術，2為核不擴散，3為生化武器，9為反恐、犯罪控制、地區(qū)安全、短缺、聯(lián)合國制裁等；第四位：數(shù)字，加強說明控制理由，往往為第三位的追加理由，比如3A001，表示電子類涉及國家安全的受控零件，而3A292表示電子類涉及核不擴散和反恐的受控零件；第五位：數(shù)字，是同類產(chǎn)品的序號，以示區(qū)別。2、確定ECCN編碼是否屬于出口控制產(chǎn)品。針對不同國家類別，ECCN編碼有具體的出口控制規(guī)定。D1為國家安全、D2為核技術、D3為生化武器、D4為導彈技術，中國屬于D1/3/4類受控國家。產(chǎn)品和技術受控類型分為，生化武器CB1/2/3，

3、核不擴散NP1、國家安全NS1/2、導彈技術MT1、地區(qū)穩(wěn)定RS1/2、犯罪控制CC1/3。不受限制的為CB3、NP2、傳統(tǒng)火藥FC1、犯罪控制CC2、反恐類AT1/2。如果ECCN不屬于受控制的國家類別，則為NLR，不需要申請出口許可。3、如果確實屬于受控，則需要申請美國出口許可。需要申請美國出口許可的通過兩種方式，一是中國商務部的最終用戶許可證和美國政府的出口許可證；另外一種是最終用戶直接通過美國商務部的工業(yè)和安全局上網(wǎng)申請驗證，獲得通過的直接允許出口一定產(chǎn)品。ECCN：BIS(美國商務部工業(yè)與安全局)為產(chǎn)品指定的出口控制分類編號。ECCN 是根據(jù)商品管制清單 (CCL) 在EAR(美國出

4、口管理條例,U.S. Export Administration Regulations)中使用的由字母和數(shù)字組成的分類編號，用于識別各商品，以進行出口控制。在美國國內法中，主要的出口管制法律法規(guī)有武器出口管制法（AECA）、國際緊急經(jīng)濟權力法（IEEPA）、出口管理條例（EAR）、對華武器禁令（ArmsEmbargoAgainstChina）、第13222號總統(tǒng)令（ExecutiveOrder）。商品與技術被劃分為若干類，其中軍事物資與技術的出口管制由國務院負責，它制定并執(zhí)行美國軍需品名錄（USMunitionList）；軍民兩用物資及其它物資的出口管制由商務部負責，它制定并執(zhí)行管制商品名錄

5、（CommodityControlList）和單位名錄（EntityList），并對所有產(chǎn)自美國的商品進行出口分類管制編碼（ECCN）。“美國的出口管制由來已久，但2007年以后將管制的責任從高科技產(chǎn)品和技術的原廠延伸到代理商和進出口貿易商。一套圖表傳真、通過電子郵件或電話提供技術分享，甚至一件產(chǎn)品發(fā)給一家美國在海外的全資子公司或一件原產(chǎn)地為海外的產(chǎn)品在美國出口都將成為管制的對象。管制的流程是通過查驗出口控制分類編碼(ECCN)和商品管制清單(CCL)來確認在何種情況下產(chǎn)品需要申請出口許可。1. I need an ECCN!You are ready to send your product

6、 out of the country today and your freight forwarder or delivery service tells you that it needs an ECCN to complete the Automated Export System (AES) or other documentation and you need to call the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) to get one! What do you do?There is a process for determining t

7、he proper ECCN for your item. BIS's Office of Exporter Services (202-482-4811) in Washington D.C. or (949-660-0144) in Newport Beach, CA will guide you in attempting to determine your ECCN using the Commerce Control List. The Commerce Control List is found in Supplement 1 to Part 774 of the Expo

8、rt Administration Regulations (EAR). BIS cannot provide official classification determinations by phone because we do not have access to all of the necessary technical information about the product. However, we can help guide you through the classification determination process. First, we ask that y

9、ou look at the index to the Commerce Control List and the list itself to see if there's a description similar to that of your item.Go to Top of PageWhat is an ECCN?ECCN, stands for Export Control Classification Number. An ECCN is an alpha-numeric classification used in the Commerce Control List

10、to identify items for export control purposes. An ECCN is different from a Schedule B number, which is used by the Bureau of Census to collect trade statistics. It is also different from the Harmonized Tariff System Nomenclature, which is used to determine import duties.All ECCNs will have 5 charact

11、ers, for example, 1A001, 4B994, or 8D001. There are 10 categories on the Commerce Control List. The first number of the ECCN identifies the category to which it belongs, for example, 1 = Nuclear Materials Facilities and Equipment, 4 = Computers, 9 = Propulsion Systems, Space Vehicles and Related Equ

12、ipment.However, EAR99 is a different type of classification. It serves as a "basket" designation for items that are covered by the EAR, but are not specified on the Commerce Control List. EAR99 items can be shipped without a license to most destinations under most circumstances. There are

13、limitations on the use of EAR99. However, the majority of the commercial exports from the United States fall into this category.Go to Top of Page3. How do I get an ECCN? There are three ways to determine the ECCN for your product.1. Determine the classification yourself.Review the alphabetical index

14、 to the Commerce Control List (CCL) (Supplement 1 to Part 774 of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). The index will give an ECCN for each item listed. Look in the corresponding CCL category to determine if your item is described by that ECCN. The CCL is available on the EAR Website. You may

15、 need to review more than one ECCN description. Instructions for using the CCL are found in EAR Part 738.2. Go to the source.Ask the manufacturer, producer or developer of the item. If the item has been exported in the past, they may know the ECCN, what countries require a license, and whether a lic

16、ense exception may be used. Information on license exceptions can be found in EAR Part 740.3. Get an official classification from the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS).Submit a classification request on on-line through the Simplified Network Application Process Redesign (SNAP-R). For instruction

17、s on obtaining a Company Identification Number and PIN number to access the on-line SNAP-R system, go to /snap/pinsnapr.htmInstructions and additional guidance on submitting a classification request is available on this Web site /licensing/cclrequestguidance.html and ww

18、/licensing/bis_eccn.pdfThis is the only way to receive an official BIS classification of your item. While BIS can provide oral advice and guidance on using the CCL, we cannot give definitive classification decisions over the phone.4. What if my product is not listed? If after careful re

19、view of the item against the CCL, either by you, your supplier or BIS, you are convinced that your item is not described under any ECCN, the item may be classified as EAR99, assuming it is not controlled by another agency (for example, a munitions item controlled by the State Department). EAR99 should be entered in Block 28 of the Automated Export System (AES) for items under Commerce jurisdiction that are not listed on the CCL but subject to the EAR. For most destinations, these items may be exported using the authorization, "NLR" (No License Re