高中英語it的用法課件_(詳細(xì)有高考題_精品)

1、it可用來指代前文提到的人可用來指代前文提到的人,物或事情物或事情,也可以用來指時(shí)間也可以用來指時(shí)間,金錢金錢,距離距離,天氣等天氣等自然現(xiàn)象自然現(xiàn)象一、基本用法一、基本用法: :1. it作人稱代詞作人稱代詞. it的最基本用法是作人稱代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，的最基本用法是作人稱代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復(fù)以避免重復(fù):Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it?.也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒(不知性別不知性別/未知性別的嬰兒或孩子未知性別的嬰兒或孩子):Is this your dog？No, it isnt.也可指抽象事物也可指抽象事物:It

2、was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that .用來泛泛的指某件事用來泛泛的指某件事: It is a shame, isnt it? You are going to be married this time？When is it？2.非人稱代詞非人稱代詞itit有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等，有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等，稱為非人稱的稱為非人稱的it：.指天氣：指天氣：It is a lovely day, isnt it?It is a bit windy.指時(shí)間指時(shí)間: It was

3、nearly midnight when she came back.指環(huán)境指環(huán)境: It was very quiet in the caf.指距離：指距離：It is half an hours walk to the city centre.二、形式賓語二、形式賓語: : 1. S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全國)A. that B. it C. t

4、his D. himSentence patterns:B find possiblefeelimportant /clause形式賓語形式賓語1形式賓語形式賓語2 no good3. S + V + it + + doing sth. no use I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.Sentence patterns: 2. S+ V + it + ones duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause a rulean honour Sentence patterns:Sentence patterns:形

5、式賓語句型形式賓語句型 a rule2. S+ V + it + ones duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause an honour no good3. S + V + it + + doing sth. no use find possible1.S + think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause feel important 6 主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel； 1 形式賓語形式賓語it； 2 賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式

6、：形容詞或名詞；賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞； 3 真正賓語的三種形式：真正賓語的三種形式： 不定式短語不定式短語動(dòng)名詞短語動(dòng)名詞短語引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.形式賓語歸納形式賓語歸納該句型中的該句型中的it 作形式賓語，記憶方便作形式賓語，記憶方便-“6123結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)”。

7、I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全國) A. this B. that C. it D. one點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥: :這是這是it it作形式賓語的一種特殊用法作形式賓語的一種特殊用法. .少數(shù)動(dòng)詞少數(shù)動(dòng)詞( (如如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciatelike, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等等) )或或包含介詞的動(dòng)詞短語包含介詞的動(dòng)詞短語( (如如see to, depend onsee to, depend

8、 on等等) )后接賓后接賓語從句語從句, ,必須先由必須先由it it擔(dān)任形式賓語擔(dān)任形式賓語, ,再接從句再接從句. . I like (enjoy, hate) it when. I would appreciate it if see to (depend on) it thatSentence patterns:C形式賓語特殊用法形式賓語特殊用法1 enjoy, like, / love, dislike, appreciate hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to / depend on / insist on 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 +i

9、t + that + clause例例 : I hate it you can dance so well but I cant. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+ it+ as+ noun/adj. + 從句從句 (把把.視為視為.) accept, regard, take, see, view例例: The speaker takes it as encouraging when many students attend his lecture. 形式賓語特殊用法形式賓語特殊用法2 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 +it + to sb. + that owe it to sb. that把把歸功于歸功于 leave it to

10、sb that把把留給某人去做留給某人去做 take it for granted that 把把想當(dāng)然想當(dāng)然 keep it in mind that 把把記在心里記在心里 例例 1.Dont bother to tidy your room. Just leave it to me to do . 他想當(dāng)然的以為女朋友會(huì)再回來。他想當(dāng)然的以為女朋友會(huì)再回來。He took it for granted that his girlfriend would come back again.形式賓語特殊用法形式賓語特殊用法3三、形式主語三、形式主語: :1. _is necessary to b

11、e prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.2. The Foreign Minister said, “_is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”3. _is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.形式主語形式主語高考真題高考真題ItItIt possibleIt is / was + adj. ne

12、cessary + ( for sb. ) to do sth. / clause important saidIt is / was p.p. known + that-clause believed ones duty It is /was + n. ones hope + clause /( for sb. ) to do sth. an honour 形式主語形式主語該句型中該句型中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為語從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）”是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。是主語從句最常見的

13、一種結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 1. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that . 該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由輯主語是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯輯主語特征主語特征的形容詞。的形容詞。 常見的有：常見的有： bad

14、 ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， silly ， stupid good （好心的），（好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教養(yǎng)的），（有教養(yǎng)的）， polite， rude ， wise ， wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。（錯(cuò)誤的）等。 這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 2. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. It is kind of you to say

15、 so. = You are kind to say so. 該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示等情況的形容詞。等情況的形容詞。 常見的形容詞有：常見的形容詞有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant等。等。 在在中的形容詞作表語可以用從句

16、改寫，中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫， 如：如： 3. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型；由于主句中的形容該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型；由于主句中的形容詞不同，詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去，建議記住該句可以省去，建議記住該句型

17、中的形容詞。型中的形容詞。 4. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural.) that . It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 該句型中該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是 常用過常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬 有時(shí)也用有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能不能省，常譯為省，常譯為是

18、（正是）的時(shí)侯是（正是）的時(shí)侯 5. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 該句型中，該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形）動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為常譯為“竟然竟然”。沒有這種。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！ It is a pity th

19、at he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！他生病了，真遺憾！6. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 該句型中的該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正主語是仍是形式主語，真正主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句；引導(dǎo)的主語從句；該結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）常譯為據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is

20、reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 7. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型，主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以??；可以??；常譯為據(jù)建議；有命令常譯為據(jù)建議；有命令） It is sugge

21、sted that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.8 It is said (reported， learned.) that .該句型中該句型中it是形式主語，是形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen ， seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。 9. It is the first ( second . ) time that . 該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來，該句型中的該句型要和上

22、一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來，該句型中的 that 從句不用虛從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)，。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)，。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，該結(jié)時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；可以省去；it有時(shí)用有時(shí)用 this 替換常譯為替換常譯為“是第一是第一（二）次。（二）次。 It is the first time I have been here. = This

23、is the first time I have been here. 10. It happens (seems， appears, comes about, turns out, looks) that. It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來看來It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 11. It is . when .。該句型中

24、的該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)，常譯為時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)，常譯為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before . 該句型主句中的該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，指時(shí)間， 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來一般時(shí)或過主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來一般時(shí)或過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語多是去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語，常譯為等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短

25、語，常譯為“之前。之前。It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+since . since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。 It doesnt matter if they are old. 14. It takes sb. . to do sth. 該句型中的不定式是真正的

26、主語，該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時(shí)間，常譯為接賓語是時(shí)間，常譯為做要花費(fèi)某人做要花費(fèi)某人。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。常譯為。常譯為“做做 沒用沒用”It i

27、s no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 該句型中該句型中whether(if) 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為不論（是否）沒關(guān)系。不論（是否）沒關(guān)系。It seemed as if he were dying. 17. It looks ( seems ) as if . 該句型中該句型中it無意義，無意義， as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語從句。常譯為，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語從句。常譯為，“看起來好象看起來好象如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則

28、用虛擬語氣。如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生?。]有生?。┧?、四、it it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型: :It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who) 用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)也可以用被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)也可以用who。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you a

29、re _ matters. A. one B. that C. what D. itIt is / was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分句子其他成分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型高考真題高考真題 is或或was永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù)永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù). It is books that he bought yesterday. It was yesterday that I met your father in the street只能用只能用that連接，不得使用連接，不得使用where、when等連詞等連詞. It was in the street that I met your f

30、ather yesterday1.It is / was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分句子其他成分使用該句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請注意：使用該句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)句中 也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問題。也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問題。It is I who am responsible for the projectIt was not until ten oclock that we got home last night被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用who(主格或賓格主格或賓格)和和whom(賓格賓格)代替代替t

31、hat，用，用that也行。也行。1) It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday2) It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。It is wasthatIt is wasthat為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只 是沒被強(qiáng)調(diào)是沒被強(qiáng)調(diào), ,而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)拔要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)拔第一句

32、不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，第一句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，when不可改為不可改為that,因?yàn)槿サ粢驗(yàn)槿サ鬷t was和和that后，只能組成后，只能組成“We got home ten oclock last night”這樣一個(gè)不完整的句子；第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，這樣一個(gè)不完整的句子；第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，that不可改為不可改為when比較：比較：1) It was ten oclock when we got home last night我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。2) It was at ten oclock that we got home last night我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。我們昨晚是在

33、十點(diǎn)到家的。= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 2. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語直到才，可以說是直到才，可以說是 not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famou

34、s film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your b

35、rother appears? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. which ; where C. that ; where D. which; that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是分是not until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間 狀語狀語?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于疑強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于疑問句問句, , 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是部分是特殊疑

36、問特殊疑問詞詞或或從句引導(dǎo)詞從句引導(dǎo)詞?In which play is it that?It is thatIs it that?I dont know in which play it is that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和各種從句各種從句高考熱點(diǎn)高考熱點(diǎn)? It was a new book he wanted to buy. It was Tom I met in the street. 3. It was during the holiday he got to know that girl. 4. It was in the park I saw Kate crying last ni

37、ght. 5. It was he who late yesterday. 6. It was the teacher together with the boy students who in the classroom. 7. 將將1.2.句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧渚渥優(yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?8.將將3.4.5.句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧渚渥優(yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧鋡aswasthat that who that 9. is it has made Peter success? A .What that B. That what C. What what D. That that How was it that she turne

38、d down our help?Where was it that When was it that.Who was it thatWhich book is it that Whose nose is it that A A.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中考查主謂一致在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中考查主謂一致It was not luck but difficulties that him success. A. makes B. make I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girl, who to blame. Is B. are A BB.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

39、中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的be動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合It might have been John bought it for Mary yesterday. What B. since C. that D. when It may be next week she leaves for London.A.What B. since C. that D. whenC C C.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有名詞性從句（主語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有名詞性從句（主語從句， 賓語從賓語從句，句， I have forgotten you put the dictionary. A. that it was whe

40、re B. where was it that C. that where it was D. where it was that It was at the beginning Mr.Fox made the decision he should go for a visit to the chicken. When which B. where that C.then so D. that that D D D.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有定語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有定語從句 It was in the small house was built with stones by his father he sp

41、ent his childhood. which that B. that where C. which which D. that whichIt was playing computer games cost the boy plenty of time he ought to have spent doing his lessons.A that that/which E .強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有狀語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有狀語從句正因?yàn)樗×怂艣]有來。正因?yàn)樗×怂艣]有來。It was because he was ill that he didn come. 正是她媽媽進(jìn)來時(shí)她才開始哭的。正是

42、她媽媽進(jìn)來時(shí)她才開始哭的。It was when her mother came in that she began to cry. 五、五、it it固定用法固定用法: :uHow is it with your study? 學(xué)習(xí)好嗎？學(xué)習(xí)好嗎？uThats it . 這就對了。這就對了。uIt went hard with him. 他身遇不幸。他身遇不幸。uIt is all over with me. 我完蛋了。我完蛋了。uWe must fight it out.我們必須堅(jiān)持到底。我們必須堅(jiān)持到底。uI cant help it. 我沒有辦法。我沒有辦法。1. It的一些習(xí)慣用法的

43、一些習(xí)慣用法2.在一些固定用法中考查在一些固定用法中考查常見的固定用法有常見的固定用法有: make it 成功，安排在或定在某時(shí)間成功，安排在或定在某時(shí)間forget it 別提了，忘了它吧別提了，忘了它吧Dont mention it 別提了，表示不用謝別提了，表示不用謝It doesnt matter 沒關(guān)系沒關(guān)系It(That) depends 視情況而定視情況而定You guessed it 你猜著了你猜著了Its hard to say 很難說很難說 Its up to you to do sth.由你來決定做某事由你來決定做某事 The Parkers bought a new

44、house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 2. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them 3. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. t

45、hose易誤辨析易誤辨析: :it / one / thatBACthe house that the Parkers boughta housethe air1.Its years _(since, before, after, that) I painted this beautiful picture.2.It will be years _(since, before, after, that) I paint this beautiful picture.3.It was years _(since, before, after,that) I painted this beauti

46、ful picture.4.Its for years _(since, before, after, that) I have painted this beautiful picture.易誤辨析易誤辨析: : 表示從表示從since since 從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生以后到現(xiàn)在所經(jīng)過的一從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生以后到現(xiàn)在所經(jīng)過的一段時(shí)間，譯為段時(shí)間，譯為“自從自從.以來已多久了以來已多久了” ” It is +時(shí)間段時(shí)間段+since(過去時(shí)過去時(shí)).表示從表示從過去過去某一時(shí)間到某一時(shí)間到beforebefore從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生所經(jīng)過從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生所經(jīng)過的一段時(shí)間的一段時(shí)間, ,譯為譯為“多長時(shí)間

47、后才多長時(shí)間后才/ /就做了就做了”It + was + 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段 + before(過去時(shí)過去時(shí))表示從表示從現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在起到起到beforebefore從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生所經(jīng)過的一段從句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生所經(jīng)過的一段時(shí)間時(shí)間, ,譯為譯為“多長時(shí)間后才會(huì)多長時(shí)間后才會(huì)/ /就會(huì)做就會(huì)做”It + will be +時(shí)間段時(shí)間段 +before(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))_Translate the following: 過了很久他才回來. 2. 我們很久后才會(huì)見面的. 3. 我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)很久了.It was long before he came back.It will be long bef

48、ore we meet again.It is long since I left this school.It is +時(shí)間段時(shí)間段+since(過去時(shí)過去時(shí)).It + will be +時(shí)間段時(shí)間段 +before(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))It + was + 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段 + before(過去時(shí)過去時(shí))易誤辨析易誤辨析: :1. (2005, 全國全國) The doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. it B. she C. which D. he 正確答案：正

49、確答案：A。根據(jù)句意：醫(yī)生的建議未起作用。根據(jù)句意：醫(yī)生的建議未起作用。it代替整個(gè)句子。代替整個(gè)句子。 2. (2004,全國全國) -Do you like_here? -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is nice. A. this B. these C. that D. It 正確答案：正確答案：D。根據(jù)下文，提問者不能確定被問者喜歡什么，。根據(jù)下文，提問者不能確定被問者喜歡什么，it用用于不確定指代或模糊指代。于不確定指代或模糊指代。 3. (2000,上海上海) Someone is ringi

50、ng the doorbell. Go and see_. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 正確答案：正確答案：D。說話時(shí)，不知道對方的性別。注意在賓語從句中。說話時(shí)，不知道對方的性別。注意在賓語從句中需用陳述語序。需用陳述語序。 4. (2007, 全國全國)Have you heard the latest news? No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 正確答案：正確答案：A。it指代上文提及的指代上文提及的latest news。5.

51、(2006,全國全國) If I can help _, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 正確答案：正確答案：C。help是是“阻止、避免阻止、避免”的意思，的意思，it指代下文的事指代下文的事情。情。6. (2002,北京北京) -He was nearly drowned once.-When was _? -_ was in 1998 when he was in Middle School. A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that

52、, This 正確答案：正確答案：A。it指時(shí)間。指時(shí)間。 7. (2005，浙江，浙江) Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D.them 正確答案：正確答案：A。表示任意一幢房子。表示任意一幢房子。 8.（2005，江蘇），江蘇）Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. tho

53、se 正確答案：正確答案：C。分析語境和邏輯關(guān)系可以知道：該空指代。分析語境和邏輯關(guān)系可以知道：該空指代the air，且有且有in the city后置定語修飾。后置定語修飾。9. (2004,北京北京) The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. A、This is B、There is C、That is D、It is 正確答案：正確答案：D由句意易知：由句意易知：that從句是真正的主語從句是真正的主語;it為形式主語。為形式主語。10. (2005,上海上海)_

54、in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 正 確 答 案 ：正 確 答 案 ： C 。 i t 為 形 式 主 語 ， 在 此 結(jié) 構(gòu) 中為 形 式 主 語 ， 在 此 結(jié) 構(gòu) 中 d o n e 為為required/suggested/demanded/recommended等時(shí)，從句必等時(shí)，從句必須用須用s

55、hould + 動(dòng)詞原形，且動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略?？梢允÷?。11. (2004,上海春上海春) It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished. A. stick to B. refer to C. keep to D. point to 正確答案：正確答案：B。短語辨析題，短語辨析題，refer to有有“參考參考”的意思，符合句的意思，符合句意。意。12. (2006,全國全國) It is no _ arguing with Bi

56、ll because he will never change his mind. A. use B. help C. time D. way 分析：正確答案：分析：正確答案：A。為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。13. (2007,天津天津)He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 正確答案：正確答案：C。it為形式賓語，為形式賓語，clear后的從句為真正的賓語。后的從句為真正的賓語。14. (2006,湖南湖南)As the busiest woman

57、 in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 正確答案：正確答案：D。真正賓語為不定式。真正賓語為不定式。 15. (2005,江蘇江蘇)Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that

58、 B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 正確答案：正確答案：B。表示表示“理應(yīng)如此理應(yīng)如此”需用需用should動(dòng)詞原形，動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。在做可以省略。在做it形式賓語和形式主語的復(fù)合句中如果形式賓語和形式主語的復(fù)合句中如果從句表示的是從句表示的是“驚奇、惋惜或者理應(yīng)如此驚奇、惋惜或者理應(yīng)如此”等含義時(shí)，需用等含義時(shí)，需用should動(dòng)詞原形，動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略?？梢允÷?。16、(2004,全國全國) I like _ in the autumn when t

59、he weather is clear and bright.A、this B、that C、it D、one 正確答案：正確答案：C。love/enjoy/hate和和like的用法相同，后接賓語從的用法相同，后接賓語從句時(shí)需用句時(shí)需用it作形式賓語，賓語從句后置。作形式賓語，賓語從句后置。 17、(2003,上海上海) I would appreciate it _ you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.A、until B、if C、when D、that正確答案：正確答案：B。18. (1998，上海，上海) D

60、ont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 正確答案：正確答案：D。take it for granted that 意為：想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為某意為：想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為某事。事。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語為為形式賓語，真正的賓語為that從句。另外我們也應(yīng)該注從句。