河南中醫(yī)學(xué)院河南中醫(yī)學(xué)院

1、河南中醫(yī)學(xué)院 2006至 2007學(xué)年第一學(xué)期英漢、漢英翻譯試題（滿分60分）（供2004級英語專業(yè)本科生使用）學(xué)號： 姓名： 座號： 系別： 年級： 專業(yè)： 題號一二總計得分 總分合計人： 復(fù)核人： 得分評卷人Part One: English-Chinese Translation（Time: 60 minutes）Directions: Please translate the following passage into Chinese, and write your translation on the lines beneath the passage. The total sco

2、re is 30.Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her childs hastily made table as “Perfect!” even though it wobbles on uneven legs. Another way is to shift blame. If J

3、ohn fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid. The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time, and that its possible to enjoy a game even whe

4、n you dont win. A child whos not invited to a birthday party, who doesnt make the honor roll or the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation prize or say, “It doesnt matter” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment an

5、d be helped to master it. Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts adults and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?” Resist the natural impulse to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you c

6、an improve. If someone can help, dont be shy about inquiring.Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure tha

7、t seems definitive can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. Chinese Translation:_得分評卷人Part Two: Chinese-English Translation（Time: 60 minutes）Directions: Please translate the following passage into English, and write your translation on the lines beneath the passage. The total score is 30.從7

8、0年代末期以來，中國的高等教育有了長足的發(fā)展。高等學(xué)校在中國的教育和科研工作中發(fā)揮著重要作用。目前中國已經(jīng)建成各類高校2000多所，全國每10萬人中有380人是在校大學(xué)生。其他方面如職業(yè)教育、成人教育以及少數(shù)民族教育也都有迅速發(fā)展。當然，中國教育事業(yè)在發(fā)展的同時還存在著各種隱憂。一方面中國政府承擔著全世界最大規(guī)模的教育事業(yè)（全國1000萬名教師承擔著培養(yǎng)各級各類學(xué)校2.2億學(xué)生的重任。僅學(xué)生的人數(shù)就相當于美國全國人口總數(shù)。），而另一方面教育投入不足，教師待遇偏低，教師隊伍不穩(wěn)定，教育的質(zhì)量有待提高。這些都是中國走向21世紀之際，教育面臨的嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。English Translation:_20

9、04級翻譯A卷標準答案及評分標準（按試題順序排列）Part One: English-Chinese Translation多數(shù)父母竭盡全力要么防止孩子的失敗，要么為了保護他們的孩子，不讓他們知道自己的失敗。他們采用的一種方法是降低標準。一位母親會把她孩子手忙腳亂擺放的桌子說成“十全十美”，即使桌子腿不平，搖搖晃晃。另一種方法是嫁禍于人。如果約翰的科學(xué)課不及格，那他的老師肯定不公平或者愚笨。這些防止失敗的手段所產(chǎn)生的問題是：這些手段使孩子對現(xiàn)實世界的生活毫無準備。年輕人需要明白：沒有誰能各個方面都出類拔萃，沒有誰是常勝將軍。參加一場游戲，即使贏不了，也可能獲得快樂。一個孩子沒有受到邀請去參加生

10、日晚會，沒有上光榮榜或沒有能夠參加棒球隊，他當然覺得很痛苦。然而，父母不能立刻安慰他或告訴他“沒關(guān)系”，因為這一切對他很有關(guān)系。要讓年輕人經(jīng)歷失望還要幫助他們承受下來。失敗永遠不會令人愉快。它傷害成年人也傷害孩子?？墒且坏┠銓W(xué)會了如何對待它，它就會對你的生活產(chǎn)生積極作用。第一步要問一問：“我為何失敗？”抵住責(zé)怪他人的自然沖動，問問自己到底哪里做錯了？如何去改進？如果有其他人能幫上忙，不必難為情不敢問。 成功會鼓勵人們再次去做原先所做之事，但不像失敗那樣是位好老師。一次糟糕的晚會會使人學(xué)會下次如何舉辦一個好的晚會。第一次房子沒有挑好，可讓人學(xué)會如何選好第二所房子。即使看來肯定要失敗，這也能激發(fā)一

11、個人的新見解，改變一下思路。評分標準：本題共30分。1能夠運用一般翻譯策略和技巧，進行雙語互譯。（5分）2譯文忠實原文，無明顯錯譯、漏譯。（15分）3譯文通順，用詞正確。（5分）4譯文無明顯語法錯誤。（5分）Part Two: Chinese-English TranslationSince the end of the1970s, Chinas higher education has enjoyed great advances. Institutions of higher learning play an important role in Chinas education and s

12、cientific research. 380 people out of every 100,000 citizens in mainland China are receiving a college education at more than 2,000 colleges and universities. Vocational training, adult education and the availability of schooling for Chinas ethnic minorities have also developed rapidly. Along with s

13、uch rapid development in Chinas education, new problems have come to the fore. In one aspect, Chinese government undertakes the education of the worlds largest population. (10 million teachers have to bear the responsibility of educating 220 million students on all levels of education across the country. This is a student body as large as the population of the United States). In the other aspect, the input for education is woefully inadequate; there are problems of low salaries, a scarcity of benefits, and the instability of the educational force; and