初中英語一般將來時專項語法講解

1、一般將來時主要構(gòu)成形式 一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作，事情或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作或事情。1）will/shall+動詞原形 shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱。will not=wont shall not=shant例如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎？2） be going to +不定式，表示將來。a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。例

2、如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？b. 計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。3） be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。4） be about to +不

3、定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。 Notice:be to和be going tobe to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（

4、主觀安排）5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來時下列動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來時e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive and so on.she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.6.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。When does the bus star? It stars

5、in ten minutes. 汽車什么時候開？十分鐘后。2）以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進(jìn)行。例如：Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。3）在時間或條件句中。例如：When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后，讓他等我。Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。4）在動詞hope

6、, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。 be going to和will 的區(qū)別 be going to和will 的用法雖然都表示將來發(fā)生動作或情況，一般情況下能互換。但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。（1）be going to主要用于： 1、表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算、計劃要做的事情。E.

7、g. What are you going to do today? 今天你們打算做什么？ Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。 Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。Shes going to play the piano. 她打算彈鋼琴。 2、 表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生。E.g.Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！烏云密集，天要下雨。I am afraid

8、I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。(2) will主要用于在以下幾個方面： 1、表示單純的未來“將要”通用各個人稱。eg:They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他們將去工廠參觀。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來。 2、表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的未來的事。eg:Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（將）是星期日。He will be t

9、hirty years old this time next year. 明年這個時候他就（將）三十歲。 3、問對方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請或命令。eg: Will you please turn on the radio? 請打開收音機(jī)好嗎？Will you go to the zoo with me? 你和我一起去動物園好嗎？一般將來是特殊用法：1) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to talk about the report next Saturday.2） be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。 He is about to le

10、ave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。3）有些表趨向性的動詞可用想在進(jìn)行時表將來：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飛往)，reach（到達(dá)），stay，leave，start, die.如：Im going to go to the zoo this weenend.= Im going to the zoo this weenend. Hes going to leave for Paris.= Hes leaving for Paris. The old man is dyi

11、ng.=The old man will die. 這個老人要去世。練習(xí)題1. What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow? A will B shall C do D are2. He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week. A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish3. There _some showers this afternoon. A will be B will have C is going to be D

12、 are going to have4. It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be5. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _11. A is B is going to be C will be D will to be（二）、 填空1. -“I need some paper.” -

13、 “I _(bring)some for you.”2._(be)you free tomorrow?3. They _(not leave) until you come back.4. _we_(go) to the party together this afternoon?5. They want to know when the meeting _start.6. I _(go) with you if I have time.7. Hurry up! Or we _(be) late.8.What _you _(do) tomorrow afternoon?9. Jenny _ _

14、 (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.10. If she isnt free tomorrow, she _(not take) part in the party.三、 There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時易出錯例：There_ a basketball match this afternoon. (B) A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have四、 be going to結(jié)構(gòu)中易丟掉to例：Im going _(go) school by

15、bike tomorrow. (C) A to will go B to go to C go to D to go if條件句【知識要點(diǎn)】定義：常見的if條件狀語從句表示在某條件下，某事很可能發(fā)生，條件是可能存在的，主句中某種情況發(fā)生的概率也是很高的。 E.g. If you ask him，he will help you如果你請他幫忙，他會幫你的。 E.g. If you fail in the exam，you will let him down如果你考試不及格，你會讓他失望的。 E.g. If you have finished the homework， you can go ho

16、me如果你作業(yè)做完了就可以回家了。 另外，if從句還表示不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件，也就是一種虛擬的條件或假設(shè)。從句多用一般過去時或過去完成時，表示對現(xiàn)在或過去的一種假設(shè)。E.g.If I were you，I would invite him to the party如果我是你，我會邀請他參加聚會。 E.g.I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic要不是交通堵塞，我本會來得早一些。另外你還要注意if 條件句的時態(tài)搭配1if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時 E.g. If he

17、 runs hell get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就會及時趕到那兒。E.g. The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會抓你。2if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用may/might/canE.g. If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果霧在大一些，飛機(jī)可能就會改在別的機(jī)場降落。E.g. If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我們就可以出去。3if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用must

18、/shouldE.g. If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。4if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時E.g. If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加熱，它就會化成水。5if從句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，主句用一般將來時E.g. If you are looking for Peter youll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上樓就會找到他。6if從句用現(xiàn)在完成時，主句用一般將來時E.g. If yo

19、u have finished dinner Ill ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服務(wù)生來算賬注意 ：學(xué)習(xí) if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的用法,現(xiàn)在總結(jié)一下: if 條件句不一般,幾個要點(diǎn)記心間; 條件句,放在前,逗號要放句中間。 條件句表可能，主句多用將來時； 條件句表事實(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在時。在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，如果從句談?wù)摰氖且粋€有可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)的結(jié)果，主句用一般將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如： E.g. We can walk there if we cant find a bus . E.g. If it rain

20、s tomorrow ,we will not go to the zoo. E.g. What will you do if you find a panda in danger.如果 if 條件句談?wù)摰氖侵貜?fù)發(fā)生和預(yù)示要發(fā)生的情景和事件，則主從句大多用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 E.g. If bears are in danger ,they attack people.在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，if 和條件句位置靈活，可直接放在主句后面，若 if 條件句放句首， 從句后面要加逗號，和主句隔開。還要注意前后時態(tài)一致原則【經(jīng)典練習(xí)】一.單項選擇（ ）1. If you _ to the part

21、y, youll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going（ ）2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A.since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before, finishes.（ ）3. What will father _ us from Japan? A. take B. bring C. carry D. make （ ）4. Weifang is famous _ kites. A

22、. for B. to C. on D. with（ ）5 I _ her the answer if she _me. A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks（ ）6. What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain（ ）7.Do you know when he w

23、ill come back tomorrow? -Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come （ ）8. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit? A. go B. went C.going D. will go（ ）9. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too（ ）

24、10. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came（ ）11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow. A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. has（ ）12. Could you tell us where _？ A. will the next Olympic Games held B. the next Olympic Ga

25、mes will be held C. would the next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be held二在正確的答案下劃一條線。1. Daina ( will go/go/goes) to Europe if she (will pass/pass/passes) the exams .2. The graduates (will teach/teach/teaches) in the poor village if the Ministry of Education (will agree/ agree

26、/agrees) soon.3. If there (will be/ are/is) a car accident, they (will call/call/calls) 110 for help at once.4. If it (wont/dont/doesnt/ isnt) rainy, we (will take/ take/takes) walk outside.5. If a UFO (will land/land/lands) in front of me, I (will go/go/goes) in to look for the alien.6. If he (will

27、 have/have/has) money, he (will bulid/build/builds) a science lab.7.Dont wait for me if I (am/ will be) late.8.They (wont/dont) go to the beach if it (will rain/rain /rains).9. I (will call/ call) you if he (will stay/stay /stays) at home.10. Mr Smith (will let/ let/lets) you know if he (will need/

28、need/ needs) help.11. (Will / Do/ Does) he visit the museum if he (wont / dont/ doesnt) get tired?12. Where (will/ do/does) they live if they (will miss/ miss/ misses) the bus?三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.If you _(feel) tired, you _ (have) to have a rest.2. Where _ he _(see) the film if he _(have) time?3. If ther

29、e _(be) fewer trees, there _( be) more pollution.4. He _(dress) more casually if he _( not work) on weekends.5. If Marcia _(live) alone, she _( keep) a pet parrot.6. Lana _( buy) a new dress if the old one _(be) out of style.7.The twins _(fight) if they_(argue).8. I _(have) a bake sale if I _(need)

30、money for education.9. Peter _( send) me a beautiful souvenir if he _(tour) Spain.10. If Mr Green _(say) I am hard- working, my parents _( feel) glad.11. I _(go) to the beach if it_ ( not rain) this week.12. _they _( have) a match if the P.E. teacher _(be) busy?13.He _(write) a letter to his grandpa

31、rents if he _(get) his report card this week.14. If she _(get) up late, she _ ( not catch) the early bus.15. Peter _(major) in English if he _(pass) the exams in Peking University.【家庭作業(yè)】1.If she _(not get) home on time, her mom will be worried. 2.If Tom works hard, he_(make) a lot of money.3.If I st

32、udy hard, my dream _(實(shí)現(xiàn)). 4. If he _(爭論)his friend, he will be very sad. 5.If you fight with your brother, what _(發(fā)生)? 6. Call me if he _(回來).7. He can make great progress if he _(追隨，聽從) my advice. ( )8. If I find his phone number, I _ you. A. tell B. told C. will tell D. have told( )9. I _ the CDs to you if I h