初中英語連詞

1、初中英語語法連詞教學(xué)目標(biāo)：掌握連詞的用法，在寫作中能夠靈活運(yùn)用。 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1、并列連詞的用法 2、 從屬連詞的用法 3、 相似連詞的辨析教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：連詞之間的意義及辨析（一）連詞概述連詞是連接單詞、短語或句子的一種虛詞。在句中不單獨(dú)作句子成分。歷年中考中常考并列連詞and，but，neither nor；從屬連詞now that，though，when。所以了解狀語從句和賓語從句的真正意義有助于正確使用從屬連詞。（二）基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理1并列連詞用來連接彼此并列的詞、短語或句子。并列連詞有and，or，but，so，for，nor等。2關(guān)聯(lián)連詞有bo

2、thand，either or，neithernor，not onlybut also，as well as，as much as等。3連接性副詞有however，therefore，besides，yet，anyway，still，all the same等。4并列連詞和連接性副詞存在以下的區(qū)別：1)連接兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句時(shí)，并列連詞的位置只能放在它所引導(dǎo)的分句的句首，前面通常有逗號(hào)。如：I must work hard, for I still have a long way to go.They all went, but I didn't go.2)連接性副詞的位置比較靈活，句中、

3、句首、句末都可以。但是放在句首較為普遍。如：Mother was ill, therefore, she stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she therefore, stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she stayed at home yesterday, therefore.3)兩個(gè)并列連詞不可以連用。如：He tried hardand but he failed to get the job.此句中的but應(yīng)改為yet。因?yàn)閍nd和but都是連詞。5從屬連詞是用來引導(dǎo)從句，如賓語

4、從句、狀語從句、定語從句等。從屬連詞有that， if, unless, whether, who, whose, what, which, where, than, when, while, as, since, though, although, because, before, after, until, as soon as, now that, so.that, so that, as. as,(not) as/soas 如：If it snows tomorrow，we won't go on a picnic.（If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句）Could you tell me w

5、hose PC it is? （whose引導(dǎo)賓語從句）The man who is talking to my class teacher is my father.（who引導(dǎo)定語從句）連詞的功能用來連接詞，短語，從句或句子的詞叫連詞。連詞是一種虛詞，在句中不能單獨(dú)使用。連詞可分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬連詞。5. 并列連詞并列連詞用來連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞，短語或句子。常見的并列連詞有：(1)表并列關(guān)系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。(2)表選擇關(guān)系的or, eitheror等。(3)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but, while等。(4)表因果關(guān)系

6、的for, so等。6. 從屬連詞從屬連詞用來引導(dǎo)從句。常見的從屬連詞有：(1)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的if, unless等。(3)引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的because, as, since等。(4)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的so that, in order that等。(5)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的though, although, even if等。(6)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的so that, sothat, suchthat等。(7)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的than,

7、 asas等。(8)引導(dǎo)名詞從句的that, if , whether等。7. 常用連詞的用法辨析（1） while, when, as這三個(gè)連詞都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，但用法有所不同。1) 當(dāng)某事正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，又發(fā)生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用來引導(dǎo)表示“背景”的時(shí)間狀語從句。例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.2) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，最常用的是while。例如：While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my h

8、omework.3) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都表示發(fā)展變化的情況時(shí)，最常用的是as。例如：As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.4) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)短動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，或表示“一邊一邊”時(shí)，最常用as。例如：Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.She looked behind from time to time as she went5) 當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用when。例如：When he finished his w

9、ork, he took a short rest.6) 當(dāng)從句是瞬間動(dòng)作，主句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用when。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.（2）as, because, since , for這四個(gè)詞都可表原因，但用法有區(qū)別。1) 如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.-Why arent you going?-Because I dont want to.2) 如果原因已被人們所知，或不如句子的其它部分重

10、要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一點(diǎn)。As和since 引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開頭。例如：As he wasnt ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.3) for用來補(bǔ)充說明一種理由，因此，for引導(dǎo)的從句幾乎可以放在括號(hào)里。For引導(dǎo)的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如：I decided to stop and have lunch-for I was feeling quite hungry.（3）if, whetherif和whether都可作“是否”講，在引導(dǎo)賓與從句是

11、一般可互換。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I dont know whether (if) he likes that film.在下列情況下，只能用whether,不能用if：1) 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)。例如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown. 2) 引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)。例如：The question is whether I can pass the exam.3) 在不定式前。例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go t

12、here or not.（4）sothat, such.that1) sothat中的so是個(gè)副詞，其后只能跟形容詞或副詞，而such.that中的such是個(gè)形容詞，后接名詞或名詞短語。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.2) 如果在名詞之前有many, much, little, few時(shí)，用so,不用such。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.I have ha

13、d so many falls that I am black and blue all over.（5）eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also這三個(gè)連詞詞組都可連接兩個(gè)并列成分。當(dāng)它們連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要隨相鄰的主語變化。例如：Either you or he is wrong.Neither he nor his children like fish. Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.（6）although, but這兩個(gè)連詞不能用在同一個(gè)句子中。

14、例如：我們不能說“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”這個(gè)句子應(yīng)改為：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.（7）because, so這兩個(gè)連詞同樣不能用在同一個(gè)句子中。例如：我們不能說“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 這個(gè)句子應(yīng)改為Because John was ill

15、, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.【現(xiàn)場(chǎng)練兵】I.選擇填空( )1. LiMeng passed his mother his cup _ asked for some more tea. A. but B. or C. and D. if( )2. Study harder, _ you will fall behind others. A. and B. or C. but D. so( )3. The doctors are very tired, _ they are still

16、working very hard. A. but B. if C. only D. when( )4. _ you come back, please let me know. A. Later B. Until C. As D. As soon as( )5. He told us _ he was over eighty years old. A. where B. then C. if D. that( )6. Dont go home _ you have cleaned the classroom. A. by B. then C. only D. until( )7. _ Sun

17、day _Monday is OK. Ill be free during those two days. A. Neithernor B. Eitheror C. Bothand D. Either and( )8. We havent seen him _ he left last year. A. since B. when C. as D. if( )9. Its raining now, _ you must take the raincoat with you. A. for B. so C. or D. because( )10._you work harder, youll d

18、o better in your subjects.A. If B. Before C. Already D. Whether( )11._I was ill yesterday, I didnt come to school.A. For B. As C. Because D. Since( )12.The old man was _ pleased _he could not say a word.A. eitheror B. neithernor C. not onlybut also D. sothat( )13.Which is bigger, the sun _the earth?

19、A. but B. or C. and D. nor ( )14. Could you tell us _you grow apples in your country? A. that B. whether C. which D. what( )15.He knew nothing about the accident _ his friend told him.A. if B. since C. until D. because( )16.Please answer the question in a loud voice _all the class can hear you.A. so

20、 that B. sothat C. though D. because ( )17.In the old days the poor children couldnt go to school. They could _read _ write when they grew up.A. bothand B. eitheror C. not onlybut also D. neithernor( )18._ Australia is very large, the population is quite small. A. But B. Or C. If D. Though( )19.Come

21、 here early tomorrow, _youll see her.A. or B. and C. but D. because( )20.Neither she _ I am a teacher. We are both students.A. or B. and C. nor D. but( )21.He kept quiet _she began to speak.A. when B. if C. whether D. or( )22._ I am washing, she is cooking. A. While B. After C. Before D. As soon as(

22、 )23.She had to do everything _ her husband died.A. before B. after C. when D. while( )24.She had studied Russian for three years _ she began to learn English.A. before B. if C. after D. because( )25.She has had another baby _ we met.A. when B. after C. before D. since( )26.I knew nothing about it _

23、 he told me.A. if B. after C. until D. because( )27.Ill ring you up, _ I get an answer from him.A. as soon as B. until C. before D. because( )28.We couldnt go quickly _ the road was too slippery.（滑）A. because B. as soon as C. if D. until( )29._ it is fine tomorrow, Ill go to the park. A. If B. When

24、C. After D. Before( )30.I dont know _ you like sports .A. whether B. weather C. when D. how( )31.Water is more important in your life _any other matter.A. as B. than C. then D. so( )32.She sat in the first row _ she could see the blackboard clearly.A. so B. so that C. that D. since ( )33.Ill go to s

25、ee my sister _ I get to New York.A. while B. as C. as soon as D. since ( )34.There were _ many pains in my chest _ I couldnt help crying.A. soas B. so that C. sothat D. suchthat( )35.Ten years has passed _we left our hometown.A. after B. since C. as D. for( )36.Im sorry _your leg has broken.A. what

26、B. that C. if D. when( )37.Could you tell me _ the foreigner have come or not?A. what C. that C. whether D. when( )38.I wondered _ he had been to Paris.A. that C. what C. if D. where( )39._ you hurry, you will be late for school.A. While C. Unless C. That D. What( )40.Could you please look after my

27、daughter _ I go shopping?A. where B. while C. that D. thoughII. 把下列句子變?yōu)橥x句41. My brother went to the cinema, so did I. _ my brother _ I went to the cinema. 42. The boy is so young that he cant look after himself. The boy isnt _ _ to look after himself. 43. If you are lazy, you may not pass the exam.

28、 _ hard, _ you may not pass the exam. 44. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?”Jacks mother asked him _ he _ packed his things.45. She realized Hainan was a beautiful place after she reached there. She _ realize Hainan was a beautiful place _ she reached there. . 選擇所給的連詞填空 when, bec

29、ause, but, before, if, so.that, asas, didntuntil, and, after, or, since 46. Hurry up, please! _youll be late for school.47. She _go to bed _ her mother came back.48. Yesterday Jim didnt go to see the film, _he must go over his lessons.49. The students were talking about the sports meeting _ the teac

30、her came in.50. I was _tired _I couldnt walk any more.51. This building is _ tall _ that one.52. Tom was ill yesterday, _he still went to school as usual.53. He asked me _I would go there with him.54. We have studied here _ 1994.55. The child had studied English for two years _he went to middle scho

31、ol.56. _the boy finished his homework, he went to bed.57. Study hard on your subjects, _youll do well in the exam. 根據(jù)漢語提示，填入所缺的單詞 58. Christine, Aileen _ (和) I are good friends. 59. Study hard, _ (否則)youll fall behind. 60. Are you coming by bus _(或者) on foot? 61. We are thirsty. I would like a bottl

32、e of orange, _(然而)my friend would like some cold water. 62. Youll be late _(如果) you dont get up early tomorrow. 63. I was cleaning the floor _(當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候) she knocked at the door. 64. Dick climbed up into a tree _(一就) he saw the bear.65. I knew nothing about it _(直到才) my friend told me yesterday.66. I hav

33、ent heard from Bill _(自從) we graduated from middle school.IV. 完成英語句子67.這里的天氣既不太冷也不太熱。The weather here is _too hot _too cold. 68.她不但美麗而且聰明。She is _pretty _ clever. 69.不是你對(duì)就是我對(duì)。_ you _ I am correct. 70.他和她一樣外向，但不如她受歡迎。 He is _ outgoing _ she. But he is _ popular _ her.參考答案 連 詞1-5 CBADD 6-10 DBABA 11-1

34、5 CDBBC 16-20 ADDBC 21-25 AABAD 26-30 CAAAA 31-35 BBCCB 36-40 BCCCB 41.both, and 42.old enough 43.Work, or 44. if / whether, had 45.didn”t , until 46.or 47.didnt, until 48.because 49.when 50.so, that 51.as, as 52.but 53.if 54.since 55.before 56.after 57.and 58.and 59.or 60.or 61.but/while 62. if 63.while 64.as soon as 65.until 66.sice 67.neither, nor 68.not only, but also 69.either, or 70.as,as; not so, as連詞經(jīng)典習(xí)題答案1. 【解析】答案是C。應(yīng)改為when。因?yàn)閣hen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，既可表示一時(shí)性