動詞不定式用法歸納

1、動詞不定式用法歸納動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨立作謂語。但動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副 詞特征，在句中可以作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語、表語和狀語等多種成分。另外，動詞不定 式具有動詞特點，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，組成動詞不定式短語。動詞不定式的肯定形式是to+ do；其否定形式是not?to+ do。？1 .作主語?可以直接作主語。如：？To?see?is?to?believe ?但在英語中，常用it作形式主語，真正的主語即動詞不定式放在后面。如：？It's?wrong?to?play?tricks?on?other?people ?"Z." L

2、?I* /1yyx 一； £. /'/'j jJIt's?our?duty?to?keep?our?environment?clean?and?tidy（ Lesson?1。. ?點擊規(guī)律：動詞不定式在句中作主語時，常放在It?is?+adj.（形容詞）+to?do?sth.或？It?is?+ n.（名 詞）+to?do?sth句型中，it僅作形式主語。？2 .作賓語？a.以下動詞只能to?do?乍賓語。 j" I I attempt 企 圖?enable 能夠?neglect 忽 視?afford 負 擔得起?demand 要求?10ng 渴 望？

3、arrange安 排？mean 意欲，打 算？begin 開 始？expect期 望？appear似乎，？顯 得？determine 決定？manage 設法？cease停止？hate 憎恨，厭惡 ？pretend 假裝？ask 問？need需要？agree 同 意？desire 愿望？1ove 愛？swear 宣 誓？vo1unteer志 愿？?wish 希望？bea岷受？?endeavo努力？?offer 提供？beg青求？fai1 不能？p1an 計戈 U ?bother 擾亂；煩惱？forget忘記？prefer喜歡，寧愿？?care關心，喜歡？happen碰巧？prepare準備？?

4、decide決 定？learn 學習？regret 抱歉，遺憾？choose選擇？hesitate 猶豫？profess 表明？c1aim 要求？hope 希 望？promise 承諾,允許？start開始？undertake承接？want 想要？intend 想要？refuse拒絕？decide決 定？learn學習？contrive設法，圖謀？incline有傾向？propose提議？?see俄，尋覓？try試圖？?b. love, like?, begin, start, hate?, prefer等詞后面可以接不定式。？點擊規(guī)律：上述動詞后面除接不定式外，還可以接動名詞，意思無很大區(qū)別

5、。？提示板：like?doing指經(jīng)常性動作，而like?to?do指一次性的動作。如：?I?like?swimming , but?I?don't?like?to?swim?now 我喜歡游泳，但我現(xiàn)在不想游。？1- 4F -：c. stop, forget, remember, go?on?, try等詞或短語后面可以接不定式。？點擊規(guī)律：上述動詞后面接不定式和接動名詞意思大不相同。？1) stop?to?do?sth ：停止一件事，去做另一件事。？?stop?doing?sth:停止正在做的事。？例句：When?the?teacher?came?in, the?students?

6、stopped?talking ； when?he?came?out, the?students?stopped?to?ta Ik ?當老師走進來時，學生們停止說話；當老師走出去時，學生們又開始說話。？I J 2)思考：forget, remember, go?on, try等詞或短語后面接不定式和動名詞用法有何區(qū)別？j' I I d.在巾nd/feel + it + adj. +to?do?sth句型中，it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式。如：？The?man?downstairs?found?it?difficult?to?get?to?sleep?I?feel?it?e

7、asy?to?recite?the?text ?點擊規(guī)律：某些動詞或短語后面既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，又可接動名詞作賓語，二者用法上的區(qū)別可以通過造句子加以區(qū)分，如上面 stop例句。？3.作賓語補足語？a.下面的動詞要求不定式做賓補：動詞 +賓語+動詞不定式ask要求，邀請 get請，得至U prompt促使 allow 允許 forbid 禁止 prefer喜歡，寧愿 announce宣 布force 強迫 press迫使 bride收買inspire鼓舞 request請求 assist協(xié)助 hate憎惡 pronounce斷定， 表示 advise勸告exhort告誡，勉勵 pray請

8、求 authorize授權，委托 help幫助recommend勸告， 推薦 bear容忍implore懇求 remind提醒 beg請求induce弓I誘 report報告 compel強迫invite 吸弓I, 邀請， summon傳喚 command命令intend 想要，企圖 show 顯示 drive 驅(qū)趕 mean意欲，打算 train 訓練 cause弓I起instruct指示 require 要求 deserve應受leave 使，讓 tell告訴 direct指導like 喜 歡tempt勸誘 entitle有資格 order命令 warn告誡 enable使能夠 need需

9、要urge激勵，力 說 encourage鼓勵 oblige 不得不 want想要 condemn指責，譴責lead弓I起，使得 teach教 entreat ." i- , 懇求 permit允許 wish 希望I tell him not to go there by bus .Edison's mother taught him to read and writeb. let, make, have, see, hear, feel, watch, ?notice后面接不帶 to 的不定式作賓補。如:The?boss?makes?them?work?16?hours?a

10、?d ay? j' I I I?heard?her?sing?in?the?next?room ?提示板：若變成被動語態(tài)，在上述結(jié)構中，不定式符號to要加上。如：？They?are?made?to?work?16?hours?a?day?by?the?b ossShe?was?heard?to?sing?in?the?next?roo m?4.作定語：放在被修飾的名詞、代詞后面？例句：I?have?a?lot?of?work?to?do?The?doctor?said?he?could?do?nothing?to?help?the? bo?點擊規(guī)律：動詞不定式若在句中作定語，常放在被修

11、飾的名詞、代詞之后。？提示板：如果動詞不定式和前面所修飾的詞構成動賓關系，若動詞是不及物動詞，切記不要忘掉 介詞。如：？I?have?a?small?bedroom?to?live?in ? _一 'tr <Have?you?got?some?pens?to?write?with ?| J5 .表語：放在連系動詞be后面？例句:His?wish?is?to?become?a?scientist ?The?first?important?thing?is?to?save?the?soldiers'liv eS?當務之急是搶救戰(zhàn)士們的生命。？點擊規(guī)律：動詞不定式在句中作表語時

12、，通常對連系動詞前面的名詞進行詮釋說明。？6 .作狀語？a.目的狀語：放在 go, come, use, live, in?order等詞后面。如：？I?come?to?see?you ?He?runs?fast?in?order?to?get?there?in?tim e?b.原因狀語：放在 sorry, glad, surprised, ?disappointed, excited等詞后面。如：?I?am?glad?to?see?you?here ?I?am?sorry?to?trouble?youc.作結(jié)果狀語。如：？Some?of?the?apples?are?hard?to?rea

13、ch?The?room?is?large?enough?to?hold?1000?people?7 .與 what, who, whose when, where, ?how等疑問詞連用，作賓語、賓語補足語、主語等 。 如：？1- 4F -：I?don't?know?what?to?do?next (賓語)？He?taught?us?how?to?use?the?compute r(賓語補足語)？It's?still?a?question?how?to?get?there (主語)？鞏固練習：？根據(jù)句意，用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。？1. It's?time?for

14、?us?(have) supper. ?2. Would?you?like(go) shopping?with?me? ? I J J-3. It?took?us?half?an?hour(work) out?the?problem. ?4. He?is?old?enough(join) the?army. ?5. I?feel?strange(have) a?twin?sister. ?6. I?am?very?glad(meet) you?here. ?7. They?prefer(stay) at?home?rather?than?go?out?8. We?saw?them(come) into?the?room?just?now ?9. What?he?said?made?me feel) sorry. ?10. I?am?sorry. I?forgot (tell) you?the?news ?11. His?plan?is(spend) a?few?days?in?the?mountains12. Have?you?got?anything(say) ? ?13. Have?you?decided?which?one(choos8 ? ?14.