外研八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)Module Journey to space知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解與練習(xí)有答案

1、Module 3 Journey to space詞匯講解1.shelf /elf/n.隔板；架子【考點(diǎn)分析】shelf為可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為shelves?！就卣埂靠蓴?shù)名詞以f/fe 結(jié)尾的，要把f/fe 改為v，再加es【例題】There are two _（刀） and three forks on the desk.【knives】2.most of 中的大多數(shù)【考點(diǎn)分析】most of 修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù) 不可數(shù)名詞接單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞most of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞eg. Most of the time has gone. 大部分時(shí)間已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。 Most of t

2、hem are leaving for Guangzhou. 他們中的大多數(shù)人要去廣州?！纠}】Most of the food delicious in the restaurant. 【C】A.taste B.soundC.tastes D.sounds3.（高頻）must一定，必定【考點(diǎn)分析】辨析must，may和can'tmust一定，必定,表示有把握的肯定推測(cè)，用在肯定句中。The lady looks young.She must be under thirty.這位女士看上去很年輕，她肯定不到30歲。may可能,表示可能性較小的推測(cè)He may be on his way

3、 to school.他可能在去上學(xué)的路上。can't不可能,表示一種有把握的否定推測(cè)。I wonder if this smart phone is Mary's.我想知道這部智能手機(jī)是否是瑪麗的。It can't belong to her. Hers is totally different from this one.它一定不屬于她。她的和這部完全不同?！纠}】Are the glasses Tim's？No，they _ be his.He doesn't wear glasses. 【D】A. mustB.can C.mustn'tD

4、.can't4.show sb. sth.向某人展示某物【考點(diǎn)分析】表示“向某人展示某物”有兩種說(shuō)法：show sb.sth.show sth.to sb.表示方向性的動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，表人的賓語(yǔ)（即間接賓語(yǔ)）放在直接賓語(yǔ)后面時(shí)，前面要加介詞to或for。eg：Please show that letter to me. 請(qǐng)把那封信拿給我看看?！纠}】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。She showed us her new sweater last week.She showed her new sweater_ _ last week. 【to us】5.with /wIð/prep.用【考

5、點(diǎn)分析】with介詞，常見用法見下表：表示“和”，后跟代詞或名詞。Come with me，please.請(qǐng)跟我來(lái)。表示“帶有，有”。a house with a small garden帶有一個(gè)小花園的房子表示“使用某種工具”。Please cut the apple into halves with the knife.請(qǐng)用刀把這個(gè)蘋果切成兩半。用于某些固定搭配。with the help of. 在的幫助下6.（高頻）value /'vælju/n.價(jià)值；有用性【考點(diǎn)分析】value為名詞，其形容詞為valuable，固定短語(yǔ) be of value 意為“有價(jià)值”，相

6、當(dāng)于be valuable。value前可有g(shù)reat， little， no修飾。 be of value to do sth. 做某事有價(jià)值 be of value to sb. 對(duì)某人有價(jià)值【例題】This kind of suit will be sold for $600，which is far more than its real _. 【A】A.valueB.costC.moneyD.price7. make sb.do sth.使某人做某事【考點(diǎn)分析】make是使役動(dòng)詞，后常接省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。下列動(dòng)詞（詞組）也可接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)：【例題】The sh

7、ow was so funny that it made everyone _again and again. 【A】A.laugh B.laughedC.laughingD.to laugh8.as a result因此，結(jié)果【考點(diǎn)分析】 辨析result，as a result和as a result ofeg:I was late,with the result that I missed my train. 我遲到了，結(jié)果我沒有趕上火車。 There was a heavy rain yesterday.As a result, we had to stay at home. 昨天有一

8、場(chǎng)大雨，結(jié)果我們不得不呆在家里。 Jack couldnt go to word as a result of the fall from the bike. 由于杰克從自行車上摔下來(lái)，他不能去工作了【例題】He was late _the heavy snow. 【C】A.resultB.as a resultC.as a result of D.result from9.pleasure /'ple/n.愉悅；快樂【考點(diǎn)分析】 辨析pleasure，pleasant與pleasedpleasure作“高興，快樂，玩樂”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；表示“樂事，高興的事”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。Than

9、k you for helping me.It's a pleasure.不客氣。pleasant意為“令人愉快的”，是個(gè)常用且含義廣泛的形容詞，常作定語(yǔ)，也可作表語(yǔ)。It is very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours.站了幾小時(shí)后坐下來(lái)很舒服。pleased表示“感到高興的，欣喜的”，作形容詞用，指以任何方式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)或未表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的滿足與快樂，一般作表語(yǔ)，常與不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)或從句連用，以說(shuō)明原因，其主語(yǔ)是人The two friends were very pleased to see each other again.這

10、兩個(gè)朋友再次見面非常高興?！纠}】I had a_（pleasure） weekend on the farm. 【pleasant】Thank you for supporting the volunteer project. _. 【B】A.All right B.My pleasureC.Never mindD.It doesn't matter10.（高頻）success /sk'ses/n.成功【考點(diǎn)分析】辨析success，successful，successfully和succeed11.be interested in 對(duì)感興趣【考點(diǎn)分析】此短語(yǔ)中in為介詞，其

11、后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞的­ing形式。eg：She is interested in playing basketball. 她對(duì)打籃球感興趣。辨析interest，interesting和interested“興趣”不同interest即可用作可數(shù)名詞，又可用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示“興趣；愛好”interesting表示“有趣的”，主語(yǔ)為物，在句中可用作定語(yǔ)，也可做表語(yǔ)interested表示“對(duì)感興趣”，主語(yǔ)為人 【例題】David visited lots of _ in the world. 【B】 A.places of interesting B.places of interest

12、 C.place of interests D.place of interesting12.run out of用完；用光【考點(diǎn)分析】run out of， run out， give out和use up都有“用完；用盡”之意，但用法不同：run out不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“用光；用完；耗盡”，主語(yǔ)通常為時(shí)間、金錢和食物等無(wú)生命的名詞run out of及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“用光；用完；耗盡”，表示主動(dòng)，主語(yǔ)為人。后接名詞、代詞作賓語(yǔ)give out相當(dāng)于run out，表示“用完；耗盡”，主語(yǔ)為物use up表示“用光；用盡；耗盡”，主語(yǔ)經(jīng)常為人【例題】你認(rèn)為他會(huì)把所有的錢花光嗎？Do y

13、ou think that he will _ all the money?What shall we do if our food supplies _？A.turn outB.run out C.come out D.call out【run out of/use up】【B urn out證明是；run out用完；come out出版；call out叫喊】語(yǔ)法簡(jiǎn)單句結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)是一種結(jié)構(gòu)型的語(yǔ)言，動(dòng)詞在句型構(gòu)成中起著重要作用?，F(xiàn)在對(duì)已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的幾種基本句型總結(jié)如下：【1】主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)（狀語(yǔ)）eg：Tom is very happy today.湯姆今天很高興。常見的系動(dòng)詞有：feel，

14、look， smell， sound， taste， become， be， get（變得）， turn（變得）， go（變得）等。其后可跟形容詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、代詞或介詞短語(yǔ)等作表語(yǔ)。eg：The beef noodles taste delicious.牛肉面嘗起來(lái)很好吃。（delicious用作表語(yǔ)）【例題】指出句子畫線部分的句子成分。The hotpot in the restaurants of Neijiang tastes delicious. 【表語(yǔ)】【2】主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞）（狀語(yǔ)）eg：The rain has stopped. 雨已經(jīng)停了。 The first book

15、came out in 2009. 第一本書在2009年出版了。【例題】指出下列句子畫線部分的句子成分。The plane has taken off. 【謂語(yǔ)】【3】（狀語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞）賓語(yǔ)（狀語(yǔ)）eg：My father likes watching TV. 我父親喜歡看電視。（1）句型中的動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)作的承受者，即賓語(yǔ)。（2）有些動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作賓語(yǔ)，有些則用作狀語(yǔ)。后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：want，like，agree，offer，decide，try，would like，hope，plan，learn等?！?】主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞）間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)（狀語(yǔ)）間

16、接賓語(yǔ)一般為表人的賓語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)一般為表物的賓語(yǔ)，二者也經(jīng)常被稱為“雙賓語(yǔ)”。通常排列順序?yàn)殚g接賓語(yǔ)在前，直接賓語(yǔ)在后；當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ)在間接賓語(yǔ)前面時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前通常要用介詞to或for。eg：Pass me the salt, please. Pass the salt to me, please. 請(qǐng)遞給我鹽。 【5】主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞）賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（狀語(yǔ)）eg：The news made everyone happy. 這個(gè)消息讓大家都很高興。賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)法上合稱復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，二者有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系?？梢杂米髻e語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有：名詞、代詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞等。注意：（1） 在動(dòng)詞

17、find， think， make， consider， feel等動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式放在后面。eg：I find it difficult to remember these words. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)記住這些單詞是困難的。（2）用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常見的有感官動(dòng)詞（feel， hear， see， watch， notice等）和使役動(dòng)詞（have， let， make等）。eg：I often see the children play basketball on the playground.【例題】My paren

18、ts always tell me _ more vegetables and fruit. 【D】A.eat B.eatingC.eats D.to eat【6】Therebe主語(yǔ)（狀語(yǔ)）there be結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時(shí)或某地有某物”，狀語(yǔ)通常表示地點(diǎn)，可以用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等多種時(shí)態(tài)。there be和have/has辨析：There be結(jié)構(gòu)表示表示“某時(shí)或某地有某物”。主語(yǔ)為某物。have/has表示“某人有某物”。主語(yǔ)為某人?！纠}】Is there a watermelon on the table? _.【A】A.Yes，there isB.Yes，it isC

19、.No，there is D.No，it isn'tThere _ some beef in the fridge. Let's make some beef noodles. A.am B.isC.are D.be語(yǔ)法練習(xí)一、寫出畫線部分在句子中所作的成分1It has brought him enjoyment._ 【謂語(yǔ)】2My little pet dog is very cute and pretty_ 【表語(yǔ)】3The news makes us excited._【主語(yǔ)】4My father goes to bed at eleven. _【狀語(yǔ)】5He show

20、ed me his photos which were taken in Hong Kong._ 【間接賓語(yǔ)】二、選出下列句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 【AABA】6Our English teacher kept the naughty boy out. A主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) B主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ) C主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)狀語(yǔ) D主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)7I have breakfast at home. A主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) B主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ) C主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)狀語(yǔ) D主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)8Watching TV is my hobby. A主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) B主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)

21、詞表語(yǔ) C主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)狀語(yǔ) D主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)9My mother made a big cake last night. A主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) B主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)狀語(yǔ) C主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) D主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)三、按所給的句型結(jié)構(gòu)造句1主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ) 【The flowers look very beautiful.】 _2主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 【My brother sits in the back row.】 _3主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 【Do you know her address?】 _4主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) 【She bought her son

22、 a new bike.】 _5主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 【I asked Jim to help me.】 _單元檢測(cè)一、單項(xiàng)選擇?！綜ABBA CBDDB CBBDD】1What's your _？I like listening to music.AjobBageChobbyDfan 2Bob has got good exam results. His parents are proud of his _. Asuccess Bchance Cidea Ddream3Uncle Bill enjoyed _ the violin when he was young. Ato pl

23、ay Bplaying Cplay Dplays4Many students like playing basketball, _ Tom, Bob and John. Asuch Bsuch as Cseem Dfor example 5Dapeng Talk Show is very popular. It often makes people _. Alaugh BlaughingCto laugh Dlaughed6Sally is helping her mother _ the living room.Alook up Blook afterCtidy up Dmake up7Da

24、d, I got hired as a bus driver.Congratulations! Make yourself _ so that the company won't want to lose you.Afashionable BvaluableCchangeable Dpossible8On September 3 there were some_in China to celebrate the 70­year victory of the Anti­Japanese War.Aactions Bprojects Ctraditions Dactiv

25、ities9Cao Wenxuan's new book has just_. Let's go and buy one.Acome over Bcome down Ccome on Dcome out10The boys played so carelessly in the game yesterday._， they lost the game. AHowever BAs a result CBecause of DAs a result of11Do you remember _ me somewhere in Shanghai?Of course. Two years

26、 ago.Ato see Bsee Cseeing Dsaw12She is very good at painting.She can paint_her teacher.Aas better as Bas well asCas good as Das best as13Not only his parents but also he_watching sports programmes.Alike Blikes Cdon't like Dnot like14Look! Why are there so many people?There are some policemen. I

27、think there _ a traffic accident.Amust have Bcan haveCis going to be Dmust be15Could you please sweep the floor? I'm going to cook dinner._I'll do it at once, Mum.A I'm afraid not BYou're kidding CIt's a shame DWith pleasure2、 閱讀理解 。 【DCCAB】A(詞數(shù)：約210；建議用時(shí)：5分鐘)We know what it is l

28、ike trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local (當(dāng)?shù)氐? area from 617 years of age.We've had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So we've set up Hobbies for Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in

29、your place.Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or to compete at a high standard (水平), there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to a sport or new to a local area.Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored (學(xué)費(fèi)定制) to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.H