小學(xué)英語語法74005

1、 小學(xué)英語語法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-poli

2、cemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ;child-children; foot-feet,; tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _二、一般現(xiàn)在時 一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I

3、get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時,要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not

4、a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. /

5、 No, I dont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-e

6、s，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every

7、day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im

8、 staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my h

9、omework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_.改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3.

10、 He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語 + 動詞ing? 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動詞i

11、ng?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice foodnow.4.

12、 What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its5oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. The

13、y are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_四、將來時理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞wi

14、ll后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go onan outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1.問人. Who例如：Im going to

15、 New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.2問干什么。 What do. 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時候 When. 例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimmi

16、ng tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (w

17、atch) TV and _(catch) insects? 15.Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects.16.What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _(pick) apples on a farm. What _(do) next Sunday? I _(milk) cows.17.Mary _(visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the pl

18、ayground yesterday.19.David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20.I _ (plan) for my study now.五、一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后

19、加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如

20、：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote

21、, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4.They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate

22、 yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ an English teacher no

23、w.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childr

24、ens Day. All the students _ very excited.一、用行為動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the class

25、room last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. We sang some English songs.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_一、用be

26、動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7.

27、I _(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _(find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_1、 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He

28、 _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a c

29、artoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.2、 1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)5. They _ (ma

30、ke) a kite a week ago.6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)8. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _

31、cows. (milk)六、形容詞和副詞的比較級復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2形容詞加er的規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加er ；以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r ；以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er ；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 。3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful二、副詞的比較級1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be

32、用形，有形用be；有動用副，有副用動)在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實(shí)義動詞之后2副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同(不規(guī)則變化：well-better, far-farther)根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil

33、-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7. Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class.8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy),the elepha

34、nt or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom? 13._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow).15.The child doesnt_(write) as _(fast) as the students. 七、There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在there be 句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be 動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動詞用a

35、re ; 如有幾件物品，be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：some 用于肯定句any用于否定或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑問句7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞

36、短語？ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： Whats + 介詞短語？Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are” 1. I_a good father and a good mother. 2. _a telescope on the desk. 3. He_a tape-recorder. 4. _a basketball in the playground. 5. She_some dresses. 6. They_a nice garde

37、n. 7. What do you_? 8. _a reading-room in the building? 9. What does Mike_? 10. _any books in the bookcase? 11. My father_a story-book. 12. _a story-book on the table. 13. _any flowers in the vase? 14. How many students_in the classroom? 15. My parents_some nice pictures. Fillintheblankwith“ have,ha

38、s ”1.I_ a nice puppet. 2.He_a good friend.3.They_ some masks. 4.We_some flowers.5.She_ a duck. 6.My father_ a new bike.7.Her mother_a vase.8.Our teacher_ an English book.9.Our teachers_a basketball.10. Their parents_some blankets11. Nancy_many skirts. 12. David_some jackets.13. My friends_a football

39、. 14. What do you_?15. What does Mike_? 八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前（有時候位于than 之后），賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。一.填寫代詞表 用am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy._ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes

40、 _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How_ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _they? 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14.Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sw

41、eaters for you. 16. The black gloves _for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in the glass. 20. Gao shans shirt _ over there. 用代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1、There is a letter for_ (her 、hers) mother. 2、That is _ (she ) coat. The coat is red._ (its)is a n

42、ew one. 3、Whose pens are these? _(their) are _ (we). 4、Give _(he) a toy, please. 5、_(we) eyes are black. _ (us) come from Japan. 6、Tim and Bill are twins. _ （their）are from England. _(them) parents are teachers in No 6 school. 7、Give the book to _(I ). 8、These books are _(we). 用do does填空1、_ you ride

43、 a bike after school? Yes, I _.2、_ your sister like PE? No, she _ not.3、 What_ the students have? They have some pens.4、 How_ Linda go to school? She goes to school on foot.5、He _ not speak English. He speaks Cjinese.6、 _ they watch TV on Sundays? Yes, they _ .7、 My father and mother _ not read newspapers on Saturday.用一般現(xiàn)在時填空。1、 What _ he