往年高考英語語法必考考點(7)動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)

1、2019 年高考英語語法必考考點（7）:動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)含解析李仕才2019年高考英語語法必考考點07動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)【考點解讀】一、動詞的時態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作和現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等時間狀語。Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive towork although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2)

2、表示客觀事實、普遍真理或自然現(xiàn)象，無論在什么情 況下都用一般現(xiàn)在時表示?！?Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to ss“ because every step shows.”So what is the procedure?(3)在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在時代替將All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision ismade by the authority.來時。My parents have promised to come to see me be

3、fore I leave for Africa.(4)表示按計劃、 時刻表規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作， 但限于少數(shù) 動詞。 如 begin, come,leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等。The flight takes off at 2： 30 every Wednesday and Friday.2一般過去時(1)表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過去的時間 狀語連用 (或上下文語境有暗示 )；用于表示過去的習(xí)慣；表 示說話人原來沒有料到、想到的事。I didn trealize then, but becoming a pi

4、lot makes me a better surgeon.Michael fasther always helped the poor as he believed it made everyonehappier.I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduatedfrom medical school.(2)注意句型： was/were about to do . when .中 when 后從 句的動詞用過去式。I was about to go to bed when the telepho

5、ne rang.3現(xiàn)在完成時常 用 的 時 間 狀 語 有 ： so far,recently,lately,once/twice/three .times, before, ever, by now,in thelast/past few years, over a long time, up to now, yet, already, just, since 等。主要用于以下幾種情況：(1)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 Look! Somebody has cleaned the sofa. Well, it wasn t me. I didn t do it.(2)表示

6、從過去某一時間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或 狀態(tài)。They have been good friends since they met at a meeting.Shakespeare s pHlaymlethas been made into at least ten different filmsover the past years.(3)下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時。 It is (has been)+ 段時間+ since 從句This (That/It) is the first (second )time + that 從句This is the first time we have

7、seen a film in the cinema together as a family.在條件、時間、讓步狀語從句中，表示將來某時以前已完成的動作 When shall we restart our business? Not until we have finished our plan.4過去完成時(1)過去某一時間或某一動作前已完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去某一時間的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去另一時間，還 可能持續(xù)下去。常與for,since 等構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he had had i

8、t for a verylong time.We first met on a train in 2010.We both felt immediately that we had knowneach other for years.(2) 有些動詞有時用過去完成時表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的希 望、打算或意圖。 這類動詞常見的有： hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think 等。I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn ct atch the train.(3) 在特殊句式 hardly

9、/scarcely .when .; no sooner .than .中，主句常用過去完成時，該句式意為“一就；剛就”。Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.5將來完成時 將來完成時表示到將來某一時間，某一動作將會完成， 常用的時間狀語為“by 將來的某個時間”。 I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car. I know. By next month, he will have saved enough for a used one.6現(xiàn)在進行時 表示說

10、話時正在發(fā)生著的一個動作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一 定是發(fā)生在講話時的一個動作；表近期特定的安排或計劃；go, come 等表示起止動作的動詞可用進行時代替將來時。You are always studying in the library. Why not have a picnic this afternoon?7過去進行時(1)過去某一時刻正在進行的動作或某動作在某一階段 內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。 Did you catch what I said? Sorry. I was answering a text message just now. Have you finished readingJan

11、eEyre? No, I was doing my homework all day yesterday.(2)某一動作發(fā)生時另一動作正在進行，其中的持續(xù)性動 作用過去進行時，短暫性動作用一般過去時。I dont understand why you didn gto to the lecture yesterday afternoon.I m so sorry. But I was doing my homework.8現(xiàn)在完成進行時 (1)表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且現(xiàn)在還在進行。The girl has a great interest in sport and has

12、been taking badminton classestwice a week over the last three years.(2)表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，在說話 時剛剛結(jié)束。Where have you been？ We have been looking for you everywhere.9將來進行時 將來進行時可用于表示將來某個時刻正在發(fā)生的動作 或者將來某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作。將來進行時常與一 些標(biāo)志性的時間狀語連用。這些常見的標(biāo)志性狀語有： at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from1:30

13、to 4:30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrowCan I call you back at two oI msorry, but by then I will be flying to Beijing. Howabout five?二、動詞的語態(tài)英語中動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語 態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承 受者。做有關(guān)被動語態(tài)的題目可以分兩步走：第一步確定正確 的時態(tài)，第二步確定正確的語態(tài)。判斷用主動語態(tài)還是用被 動語態(tài)的根據(jù)是看主語與謂語動詞之間的 clock this afternoon?關(guān)系：如果是主謂 關(guān)系則用主

14、動語態(tài)，如果是動賓關(guān)系則用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成（以 write 為例）時間一般時態(tài)進行時態(tài)完成時態(tài)現(xiàn)am/is/aream/is/arehas/have been在writtenbeing writtenwritten過was/werewas/were beinghad been去writtenwrittenwritten將shall/will:They got married last week.He fell and got hurt.2.主動形式表被動意義(1)系動詞 look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove,

15、turn 等+形容詞/名詞。The dish tastes delicious.His plan proved (to be) practical.(2) 表示主語的某種屬性的詞：read, write, drive, sell, wash,clean, wear, open, shut 等, 其主語往往是物。What about the books?Books of this kind sell well.The door won t open.The pen writes smoothly.(3) be worth 后常接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。A lot of small town

16、s in the area are definitely worth visiting.(4)need, want, require, deserv 等動詞后用動名詞的主動形 式表示被動意義。Most house plants require regular watering.三、解題技巧 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是歷年高考英語測試的重中之重，一 般占1 2 道題。命題思路有三： 一是直接給出標(biāo)志性時間狀 語，考生能依據(jù)所給時間狀語作出選擇； 二是給出時間狀語， 但所給時間狀語有著較強的干擾性，考生不能直接根據(jù)時間 狀語作出選擇， 需要結(jié)合語境判斷； 三是沒有任何時間狀語， 需要借助于上下文語境，才能

17、作出正確判斷?？忌鷳?yīng)熟知常用時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法。 高考題往 往不會涉及單一的時態(tài)語態(tài)，而是更多地側(cè)重于時態(tài)的交叉 使用和呼應(yīng)及與語態(tài)的結(jié)合使用。所以解題時一定要結(jié)合語 境，弄清時間的先后關(guān)系，可根據(jù)不同情況采取“找標(biāo) 法” （ 尋找時間標(biāo)志詞 ）、“呼應(yīng)法” （ 主從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)）、“搭 配法” （ 固定搭配）、“語境法”等解題技巧。1、識別標(biāo)志詞 如果題干中有標(biāo)志性的時間狀語，則往往可以根據(jù)時間 狀語選擇相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例 More than a dozen students in that school _abroad to study medicine last year.A. sen

18、t B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent解析 此題有明顯的時間標(biāo)志詞 last yea，r 提示我們應(yīng)該使用一般過去時；句中的主語 students 是被送的對象，應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)。答案為B。動詞的時態(tài)一般都有其相應(yīng)的時間狀語，請同學(xué)們熟記下列 8 種常用時態(tài)所對應(yīng)的時間狀語：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時： often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day 等。(2) 一般過去時： then, yesterday, last week, after that, ago, in thefollowing/next fe

19、w months 等。(3) 現(xiàn)在進行時： now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days 等o(4) 過去進行時：then, at that time, at this time yesterday 等。(5) 現(xiàn)在完成時： recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in thepast/last few months/years,for-+ since段時一點時間等。(6)過去完成時：beforeb,y the end of last month/years(7) 一般將來時： tomo

20、rrow, to day, next week/month , in anhour, in the coming/following few weeks 等。(8) 過去將來時： the following month, the next week 等。命題角度及對策 高考測試動詞時態(tài)須與句中時間狀語一 致時，常在題干中加入具體情景，以測試考生對動詞時態(tài)知 識的實際運用能力。敏銳捕捉時間標(biāo)志詞，并結(jié)合具體的語境，選擇出正確的動詞時態(tài)，是解決此類問題的良策2、 主從時態(tài)須呼應(yīng) 如果所給題干是主從復(fù)合句， 可根據(jù)主從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)的 原則選出正確的時態(tài)。命題角度及對策：近年來高考考查主從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)時

21、,常放在真實的并且符合實際的語境中進行考查。在根據(jù)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則解題時， 要把握好以下幾點 :(1)在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般 將來時， 一般過去時表示過去將來時 ,用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來 完成時。(2)正確認(rèn)定主句動詞及從句動詞兩個動作發(fā)生的時間， 并認(rèn)真體會命題者所給出的語境。(3) 解答賓語從句與主句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)題時， 考生應(yīng)熟知以下規(guī) 則：主句動詞為現(xiàn)在時，則從句動詞可根據(jù)需要使用任何時 態(tài)；主句動詞為過去時，則從句動詞須用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^去的某種 時態(tài) (表示客觀真理時使用一般現(xiàn)在時 )。3、仔細(xì)體會語境 近年來高考試題對時態(tài)語態(tài)考查的要求越來越高，大部 分試題趨向情境化、實際化

22、，因此，仔細(xì)體會所給語境，根據(jù)具體語境選擇合適的時態(tài)是考生需要重點解決的問題。例： Do you think we should accept that offer? Yes, we should, for we_ such bad luck up till now,and time_ out.A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run【答案解析】 A 。由時間標(biāo)志詞 up till now 知道，動作 是從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在， 所以第一空要用現(xiàn)在完成時;而根據(jù)語

23、境可知時間快要耗光了，所以第二空要用進行時表將來。 Can you tell me the timetable of the _school bus? Well, the bus _ here for the _ campus at 7:00a.m.A. will leave B. left C.is leaving D. leaves【答案解析】 D ?？疾闀r態(tài)，“校班車的時間表”是規(guī) 定好的事情，表示一般性動作用一般現(xiàn)在時?！菊骖}分析】一、單項選擇1. （2018 北京卷）一 Hi, I m Peter. Are you new here? I haven t seen youaround

24、?Hello, Peter. I m Bob. I just_ on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)句意；一 ,我是彼得”你是新來的嗎？找沒有在附近見過你你好，彼得。 眞是匏勃我周一剛剛開始住在弦 JL根據(jù)兩人談話內(nèi)容可知Bob 現(xiàn)在在這兒，地開始（stait）住在這兒是 發(fā)主在周一的事情，周一是一個過去的時間，故該句應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)C 選項正確。2. （2018 北京卷）Susan had quit her well-paid job and_ as a volunteer in t

25、he neighborhood when I visited herlast year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. hadworked【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：Susa n 已經(jīng)辭去了高薪的工作。去年當(dāng)我探望她的時候，她正在一個社區(qū)里做志愿者。Susan辭職發(fā)生在地當(dāng)志愿者之前，是過去完時態(tài)，過去完時態(tài)通俗的說就是“過去的過去”，且結(jié)合時間狀語when I visitedher last year 可知，Susan 做志愿者是過去的某個時間段發(fā)生的情況，故該空應(yīng)用過去進行時態(tài)。B 選項正確3. （2018 北京卷）Chin

26、a high-speed railways_from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)句意；在過去的幾年里.中國的高速鐵路已經(jīng)從 9000 公里熔長 a 25.OOT 公里。該句 時間狀譜為 in 血盟 si few y 翎假中園高速鐵路的増長是從過去一直到現(xiàn)在幾年里的情況，故該旬應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在 完成時態(tài) 0 B 選項正確匚4. （2018 北京卷 A rescue worker risked his

27、life saving twotourists who_in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trapped C. were trappingD. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查語和付態(tài)。句意：一個救援人員冒著生命危 險挽救了兩個被困在山里兩天的旅游者。“ who_ inthe mountains for two days”是定語從句 twd 修飾 rists ；two tourists 和 tap 之間是被動關(guān)系，該空應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。由 risked 可知，營救人員救游客是過去的事情， 被困兩

28、天發(fā)生 在營救人員救了他們之前， 即過去的過去”，該空應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。綜上，D 選項正確。5. （2018 -天津卷）My washing machine_ this week, so Ihave to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. has been repaired【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：這周我的洗衣機正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根據(jù)后句 so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣機正在修，故用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的被動

29、語態(tài)。 故選 C。6.（2018江蘇卷）Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we _ more convenient electroniccommunication tools by then.A. have developed B. had developed C. will have developed D. developed 【答案】 C【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：希望在2025 年，我們不再互相發(fā)電子郵件，因為到那時候我們將開發(fā)更方便的電子通信工 具。根據(jù)時間狀語 in2025，可知用將來時；再根

30、據(jù)時間狀語 by then 到那時，可知用完成時。 結(jié)合兩者可知用將來完成時。 故選 C。7.（2018江蘇）I was sent to the village last month to see how the development pl anin thepast two years.A. had been carried out B. would be carried out C. is being carried out D. hasbeen carried out 【答案】 A 【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：上個月我被派到村里去看看在過去的兩年里發(fā)展計劃是如何執(zhí)行的。根據(jù)句中時間狀語las

31、tmonth 和 in the past two years 可知用過去完成時。故選A。8. (2017江蘇卷 He hurried home, never once looking back tosee if he_.A. was being followed B. was following C. had beenfollowed D. followed【答案】A【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。follow 是動賓關(guān)系即他被別人跟蹤排除 B/E 根據(jù)句意“在匆忙 趕回冢的路上他從未回頭看是否祓跟蹤3用過去進行時最合適，故選氐句意；他匆勿忙忙往家趕，就 星不回頭看一看是否有人跟跨自己。9. (

32、2017北京卷 eople_ better access to health care thanthey used to, and they re living longer as a result.A. will have B. have C. had D. had had【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：人們有著比過去更好的醫(yī)療保險，結(jié)果他們更長壽。與過去對比是現(xiàn)在，所以 than 前一句話是用現(xiàn)在的時間，而且后一句用的就是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，所以前面也用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故選 B。10. (2017北京卷 n the 1950s in the USA, most families hadjust one

33、phone at home, and wireless phones_ yet.A. haven t invented B. haven t been inventedC. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】 D【解析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在美國 20 世紀(jì) 50 年代的時 候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無線電話還根本 沒有發(fā)明出來。根據(jù)句意可知用被動語態(tài)，排除AC,事情發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時，排除B，故選D ，過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。二、單句填空1. (2018 新課標(biāo)卷)While running regularly c

34、an make you liveforever, the review says it _ (be)more effective atlengthening life than walking ,cycling or swimming.【答案】 is【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：雖然經(jīng)常跑步不能 使你永遠(yuǎn)活著，但是評論說經(jīng)常跑步在延長生命這方面比步 行更有效。此處用一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀事實， it 是第三人稱 單數(shù)，故答案為 is。2. (2018 新課標(biāo)卷)Diets have changed in China-and so toohas its top crop. Since 2011

35、, the country_ (grow) morecorn than rice.【答案】 has grown【解析】考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)。 由句中的時間狀語 since 2011 可知用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語 the country 是單數(shù)，故答案為 has grown。3. (2018 新課標(biāo) III 卷)True to a gorillas unaggressivenature,the huge animal_ (mean)me no real harm.【答案】meant【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。由上下文可知此處用一般過去時，動詞用過去時，故答案為meant。4. (2018 浙江卷 I sti

36、ll remember visiting a friend whod livedhere for five years and I_(shock) when I learnt she hadntcooked once in all that time.【答案】was shocked【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。句意；我仍然記得我拜訪過在這里住了五年的 T 朋克并且當(dāng)我得舸&甚至一 次部沒有做過飯的時 fi 此我被露驚了。此處我林一個事實所霍驚到，用被動語態(tài)句子是一般過去時 尿動 i 司用 was,加上 it 去分詞 shocksd,故答來為 wasstwcksi5. (2017 新課標(biāo) I 卷)Whe

37、n fat and salt 64 (remove)from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.【答案】 are removed【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。本文的主體時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，此處亦應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；又 fat and salt 是動詞 remove 的承受者，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。所以此處填are removed。6. (2017 新課標(biāo)卷)Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in asystem of deep tunnels (隧道),which became kn

38、own to the tube.【答案】managed【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。因為engineers 與 manage 之間為主動關(guān)系，而且是發(fā)生在過去的事情，所以填managed7. (2017 新課標(biāo)山 卷)Sarah 63 (tell) that she could beBritain s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year 【答案】has been told/was told【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。 此處動詞 tell 與 Sarah 是被動關(guān)系，因為第二段在講述父親和Sarah 的想法時都是用現(xiàn)在時，因此

39、可以用現(xiàn)在完成時表達(dá)過去對現(xiàn)在的影響，故可以 填 has been tolc。此外，“被告知”這件事情發(fā)生在過去，故也可填 was told。8. (2017 新課標(biāo) III 卷)But at the moment, school _ 69(come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling.【答案】comes【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。全文均為現(xiàn)在時，且school 是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填 comes。9. (2017浙江卷 ahlsson and her husband 62 (search)the kitchen, checking

40、every corner, but turned up nothing.【答案】searched【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)本段的基本時態(tài)為一般過去 時及語境可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時表示發(fā)生在過去的動 作. 故填 searched10. （2016 新課標(biāo) I 卷）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage atthe not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62（allow） to get up close to these cute

41、animals at the 600-acre centre.【答案】was allowed【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可禺主語【與動詞込 w 之間存在被動關(guān)系，且前一句的 wr 表明此邊應(yīng)用一般過去時，故埴 w 亞三、單句改錯1. （2018 新課標(biāo)卷） During my last winter holiday, I went to the countrysidewith my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.【答案】find fotund【解析】考查時態(tài)，上文有時間狀語last winter h

42、oliday,可知用過去時態(tài)，故答案為find 改為 found。2. （2018 新課標(biāo)卷）I didnt realize how right my parents are until I enteredhigh school.【答案】aretwere【解析】I didnt realize how right my parents are 的 are 改為 were。3. （2018 新課標(biāo) 卷）It was Monday morning, and the writing class had justbegin.【答案】 begintbegun【解析】句意：這是周一的早晨，寫作課剛剛開始。過

43、去完成時 had+過去分詞，而 begin 是動詞原形，故答案為begin改為 begun。4. （2017 新課標(biāo) I 卷）1 thought I had learned the instructorsorders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank.【答案】 goes f went【解析】考查時態(tài)。本文講述作者 18 歲生日后的那個暑假發(fā)生的事情，且通篇以過去時為主。此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，故把goes 改為 went。5. （2017 新課標(biāo) II 卷）When summer comes, they will invitetheir

44、students to pick the fresh vegetables!【答案】 amefcomes【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。因為主句部分為一般將來時態(tài)，所以此處的時間狀語從句應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來意義。6. （2017 新課標(biāo) 卷）About one month after this photo wastook, I entered my second year of high school and become anew member of the school music club.【答案】 tookftake becomefbecame【解析】考查語態(tài)* ptoto 與 take 為被

45、動關(guān)系：故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。take 的過去分詞是 taken。查動詞時態(tài)。 哉 TS 入高中第二學(xué)年并成為學(xué)核音樂俱樂部滴成貝這一系列動作發(fā)生在過去， 所以謂 語動詞應(yīng)用 tweamec7. （2016 新課標(biāo) I 卷）It is always crowded with customers at成時 had+過去分詞，而 begin 是動詞原形，故答案為beginmeal times. Some people even had to wait outside.【答案】 had have【解析】考查時態(tài)。整篇文章都是以現(xiàn)在時態(tài)寫的 , 所以需 將一般過去時改為一般現(xiàn)在時。8. （2016新課標(biāo)卷）

46、Some classmates suggest we should go toplaces of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.【答案】 thought think ?！窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~的時態(tài)。全文的時態(tài)均以一般現(xiàn)在時為主 , 故此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。9. （2016 新課標(biāo) HI 卷）However, my parents didnt seem to think so. Theyalways tell me what to do and how to do it.【答案】 tell told【解析】考查語篇中時態(tài)的一致性。全文

47、中心時態(tài)為一般過去時, 故應(yīng)將 tell 改為 told。10. （2018 ） Both Dad and I planned to do something onMothers Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, andthen went shopping.【答案】 get got【解析】前句與后句都是過去時 , 所以用一般過去時。對點測試】、單項選擇1. （2018 海淀二模）How was your vacation in Seattle?Pretty good. In the evenings I_ t

48、o pubs to enjoybeer.A. have gone B. goC. had gone D. went【答案】D【解析】 考查日址。 句倉:一你在西雅廚的假朗怎么樣丁 一目當(dāng)好。 晩上我去滔吧里喝啤潛:由僦啲 was your畑血）11 詞扯第二個說話者在西雅團度假是過去的事情晩上去滔吧唱啤酒是在西雅團度假時的行為, 故該空應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)夕故 D 選 I 頁正確2. （2018 海淀二模）He messed the project up, but he behaved asif no thi ng_ .A. had happenedB. happenedC. would happ

49、en D. would have happened【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：他把這個項目搞糟了，但他表現(xiàn)的好像什么也沒發(fā)生一樣。as if 引導(dǎo)的從句表示與事實相反的情況時，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。該句表示對過去的虛擬，根據(jù) as if 的虛擬規(guī)則，該處應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。A 選項正確。3. （2018 -海淀二模）By now 516 Confucius Institutes_in142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.A. foundedB. would foundC. hav

50、e been founded D. had been founded【答案】C【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)孔子學(xué)院總部的統(tǒng)計， 到現(xiàn)在為止，全世界 142 個國家和地區(qū)已經(jīng)建立了 516 個孔 子學(xué)院。主語 516 ConfuciusInstitutes 7 和 foud 之間是被動關(guān) 系，該句應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。且by now 做時間狀語，謂語動詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。綜上，該空應(yīng)填have been founded C 選項正確。4. （2018 海淀二模）I_ up my mind what I was going to sayin the seminar, but it was cance

51、lled.A. have made B. had madeC. was making D. would make【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:我已經(jīng)決定了在研討會上要說什么但島聊討會褲取消了 “血血 up oneminer 這個行為岌生在研討會被取消之前， 根抿 5 咱遜廚血訶粗 研討會被取消是過去的事情， 那么， makeup one 活 mind 是發(fā)生在過去某個動作之前的行為.故該空應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。B 選項正確。5. （2018 天津市一中）The singer s music videonearly 9 million times since it was posted on t

52、he Internet four weeks ago.A. viewed B. has viewedC. was viewed D. has been viewed【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)辨析。 A. viewed, 一般過去式；B. was viewed 過去式的被動語態(tài)； C. has viewed,現(xiàn)在完成式；D. has been viewed,現(xiàn)在完成式的被動語態(tài)。句意：自從四 個星期前這位歌手的音樂視頻被放在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，這個視頻的 訪問量達(dá)到了將近 9 百萬次。since 從句用一般過去時，主句 用現(xiàn)在完成時 has done 形式，又因 music video 是被訪問

53、的， 故要用被動語態(tài)。故選D。6. （2018 濱海 7 校聯(lián)考）一 Is Peter coming?No, he_ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A. changes B. changedC. was changing D. had changed【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：彼得來了嗎？沒有，剛才接到一個電話后改變主意了。 根據(jù) at the last minute 在最后一秒可能發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時?？键c：考查動詞的時態(tài)。7. （2018 江蘇 97 校聯(lián)考）一 Dora, do you think Jack sp

54、roposal reasonable?I m sorry I have missed that, but actually I_ aboutanother one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：-多拉，你認(rèn)為杰克的建議合理嗎？-對不起，我沒聽見。實際上我剛才在考慮另外一種想法。表示剛才正在進行的動作，用過去進行時。故選D.8. （2018 江蘇 97 校聯(lián)考）You look pretty tired today!I _ an environmental report ove

55、r the last few days,which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D【解析】考査動詞時態(tài)。句熱-你今天看起來很累！-在過去的幾天里我一直在寫一個環(huán)墳報告這個報 告明天應(yīng)要提交給老板。表示從幾天前幵始一宜進行持 g 毎 U 現(xiàn)在的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成進行 G 九故選 D9. （2018 江蘇淮海中學(xué)等）You look pretty tired today!I _ an environmental report

56、 over the last few days,which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：-你今天看起來很累！-在過去的幾天里我一直在寫一個環(huán)境報告，這個報告明天應(yīng)要 提交給老板。表示從幾天前開始一直進行持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，故選D.10. （2018 江蘇鹽城中學(xué)等）一 Dora, do you think Jack s proposalreasonable?I msorry

57、 I have missed that, but actually I _about another one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：-多拉，你認(rèn)為杰克的建議合理嗎？-對不起，我沒聽見。實際上我剛才在考慮另外一種想法。表示剛才正在進行的動作，用過去進行時。故選D.二、單句填空1.（2018 河南南陽一中）Richthoften named the trade and communicationnetwork the Silk Road. Since then the t

58、erm 43 （accept） globally.【答案】 has been accepted【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由Since then 可判斷出用現(xiàn)在完成時，且 the term 與 accept 之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完 成時的被動語態(tài)，填 has been accepted2. （2018河南鄭州市一中 This opening led to a cave, so theydecided to have a look around it. The walls of the cave were44_ (cover) with ancient art.【答案】covered【解析】本

59、題考查了動詞變型。句意為：洞窟里面是壁畫。此題是動詞變型題，墻壁被畫作覆蓋。應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動語態(tài)。確定答案 covered。3. (2018 河南鄭州市一中)These paintings look exactly thesame as the Lascaux Cave Paintings. People 50 (make) the paintings so thateveryone can still learn about this great ancient civilization.【答案】(have) made【解析】本題考沓了時態(tài)。句意為：人們制作了相同的壁畫，臥供大家欣瓠此題是態(tài)亂仿制

60、壁畫是 過去的事配所臥用一般過去時，因為已經(jīng)對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，所臥還可次考慮現(xiàn)在完成P辦確走答案 g 岡 mdcc4. (2018 重慶市一中)Since the Ming Dynasty, its estimatedthat the Forbidden City_ 44_ (survive) more than 200earthquakes.【答案】has survived【解析】考查時態(tài)，根據(jù)句意：自明朝以來，據(jù)估計紫禁城已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了超過200 次的地震。用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，故填hassurvivedo5. (2018 河南鄭州市)Building on German scientist Alb