unit12 Fact and Fantasy　grammar

1、LANGUAGE STUDY on their first voyagea collision with an icebergpermanent loveon boardescapefictionWord studyChoose the right word to complete the following sentences. Some may be used more than once. Collision permanent voyage escape on board fiction fantasy This is not a real story; it is _. In 189

2、8, an American writer wrote a novel. In the story, a huge ship called Titanic of which it was said that it could not sink, set off from Southamptor on her first _ across the Atlantic Ocean. It sank after a _ with an iceberg, killing most of the 2,5000people _. Fourteen years later, in 1912,Titanic,

3、which was called the “Ship of Dreams” or the “Ship That Cannot Sink”, set off from Southamptor on its first _. On its way to New York City, it hit an iceberg. Three hours after the _ , it sank to the bottom of the sea. It had more than 2,220 passengers _,of which 1,513 did not _ the cold ocean water

4、 and died. The story of Titanic is an example where _meets reality. The disaster has become a _ pain in peoples hearts.fantasy voyagecollisionon boardvoyagecollisionon boardescapefantasypermanentWord formation語言的基本要素之一是詞匯，按照語言一定的規(guī)律語言的基本要素之一是詞匯，按照語言一定的規(guī)律創(chuàng)造新詞的方法，稱之為構詞法（創(chuàng)造新詞的方法，稱之為構詞法（word-formation or

5、 word-building)。構詞法構詞法 1. 轉化法（轉化法（conversion） 2. 和成法和成法 ( composition)3. 縮略法縮略法 (shorting)4. 綴合法綴合法 (affixation)5. 變音法變音法 綴合法綴合法：由詞根附加前綴后綴構成新詞的方法。由由詞根附加前綴后綴構成新詞的方法。由 綴合法產生的新綴合法產生的新詞稱之為詞稱之為派生詞派生詞(derivation)。綴合法產生的詞匯是英語詞。綴合法產生的詞匯是英語詞匯的主體。例如：匯的主體。例如：加前綴加前綴re+unite reunite(再聯(lián)合再聯(lián)合)加后綴加后綴tract+or tractor

6、(拖拉機拖拉機)加前后綴加前后綴un+friend+ly unfriendly (不友好不友好)一、常見前綴一、常見前綴1.表示否定意義的前綴表示否定意義的前綴 dis- dishonest, dislike,disadvantage im- impolite, impossibleun- unable, unhappy,unemploymentmis- mistake, mislead 2.表示空間位置，方向關系的前綴表示空間位置，方向關系的前綴under- =below underground,underwater sub-=under subway , submarine inter-=

7、between internet, international3.表示比較程度差別關系的前綴表示比較程度差別關系的前綴 extra- 表示表示“超越，額外超越，額外”extraordinary over-表示表示“超過，過分超過，過分”overeat,oversleep 二、常見后綴1.名詞后綴 (1) -er表示“從事某種職業(yè)的人，某地區(qū)的人” banker, villager, Londoner. (2) or,表示“者” doctor, operator, inventor. 2.形容詞后綴 -able, comfortable, valuable,movable -ish, fooli

8、sh, selfish boyish -ful, helpful, wonderful, beautiful -ine, marine, feminine, masculine(3) 動詞后綴動詞后綴 -ize, modernize, organize -en, quicken, weaken, soften, harden -fy, beautify, simplify(4)副詞后綴副詞后綴-ly, possibly, simply -ward, downward, upward -wise, otherwise, clockwise -ways, always, sidewaysWord

9、formation1. Study the meaning of these stems and affixes. Match the words and the correct definitions.mis- =wrong extra- = outside inter- =between sub- =under under- =below over- =too much dis- =not -marine = sea 1. _ submarine A. do not like 2. _ underground B. work too much 3. _ overwork C. action

10、 and reaction between people things 4. _ interaction D. put in the wrong place 5. _ misplace E. a ship that can travel below the surface of the sea 6. _ dislike F. below the surface of the earthEFBCDA2. Guess the meaning of the words in italics, using context clues and what you know about word parts

11、1. _ Mum told me not to misbehave at my grandparents house2. _ The Chinese subtitles at the bottom of the screen help us understand foreign movies.3. _ Dont misunderstand me; Im only trying to help.4. _ In many cases, the words “fiction” and “novel” are interchangeable.5. _ People like to take the s

12、ubway because it is faster than buses and cheaper than taxis.6. _ He looks very tired because he has been working overtime all week.7. _ People will think you are mad if you walk in your underpants. 行為不端行為不端對白字幕對白字幕誤解誤解互換的互換的地鐵地鐵超時超時襯褲襯褲 1._dependent 2._ patient 3._ stop 4._ judge 5._ tired 6._heading 7._clothing 8._advantageConsolidationAdd a proper affix to each of the following